Bazı Trichoderma türlerin antepfıstığında Rhizoctonia Solani’nın neden olduğu kök çürüklüğü hastalığına karşı etkinliğinin belirlenmesi

Öz

Tarımsal üretimde kullanılan birçok kimyasal ilaçın yol açtığı çevresel kirlilik, kalıntı sorunu ve toprak patojenleriyle mücadelenin zor olması nedeniyle, bitki hastalıklarıyla mücadelede alternatif yöntemler araştırılmaktadır. Biyolojik mücadele bu alternatif yöntemlerin en önemlilerinden biridir. Trichoderma Pers.türleri biyolojik mücadelede en fazla kullanılan antagonistlerdir. Bu çalışmada, bazı Trichoderma türlerinin Rhizoctonia solani Kühn.’e karşı uçucu metabolitler yoluyla, ikili kültür yöntemiyle ve yapay bulaştırılmış saksı toprağında etkinlikleri araştırılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda uçucu metabolitler yoluyla Trichoderma sp.FT1 izolatının %33,88 oranıyla patojeni en fazla engelleyen izolat olduğu belirlenmiştir. İkili kültür yöntemiyle yapılan çalışmada ise Trichoderma harzianum TUZ16 izolatının patojeni %70,97 oranında engelleyerek güçlü hiperparazit özelliği gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Uygulama yapılmış antepfıstığı tohumlarıyla kurulan saksı denemesinde Trichoderma harzianum TUZ16, Trichoderma virens İB1 Trichoderma viride VG18 ve Trichoderma sp. FT1antagonistlerin sırasıyla, %66,66, %60,00, %56,66 ve %43,33 oranında patojeni baskıladığı belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Antepfıstığı
• biyolojik mücadele
• Rhizoctonia solani
• Trichoderma sp.

Determination of the effect of Trichoderma Pers. on root rot caused by Rhizoctonia Solani Kühn. in pistachios

Öz

Due to reasons such as environmental pollution caused by chemical pesticides used in agriculture, residue problems and the difficulty of chemical control of soil pathogens, alternative methods are being investigated to control some plant diseases. Biological control is a method developed as an alternative to chemical control. Trichoderma species are known to be the most used antagonists in biological control. This study investigated the effectiveness of some Trichoderma species against Rhizoctonia solani through volatile metabolites, using a dual culture method and in artificially contaminated potting soil in 2022-2023. The study showed that Trichoderma sp. FT1 isolate suppressed the pathogen by volatile metabolites with a rate of 33.88%. In the dual culture method, the Trichoderma harzianum TUZ16 isolate demonstrated strong hyperparasitic properties, inhibiting the pathogen by 70.97%. It was determined that the antagonists T. harzianum TUZ16, Trichoderma virens İB1, Trichoderma viride VG18, and Trichoderma sp. FT1 suppressed the pathogen in the plant by 66.66%, 60.00%, 56.66%, and 43.33%, respectively in pot study.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Pistachio
• Biological control
• Rhizoctonia solani
• Trichoderma sp.

Kaynakça

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