Çeltik Ekim Alanlarında Sorun Olan Cyperus difformis L. (Kız Otu)’ in Genetik ve Morfolojik Çeşitliliğinin Belirlenmesi

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 58 Sayı: 4, 231 - 246, 29.12.2018

Emine Kaya Altop Hüsrev Mennan

https://doi.org/10.16955/bitkorb.410419

Öz

Cyperus difformis L. (Kız otu) dünya
genelinde olduğu çeltik üretim alanlarında sorun olan önemli yabancı ot türlerinden
biridir. Türün morfolojik ve genetik çeşitliliğin saptanmasıyla ülkemizdeki
mevcut dayanıklılık olgusuna etkisinin belirlenmesi hedeflenen çalışma
kapsamında, çeltik ekim alanlarını temsil edecek şekilde 50 populasyon ile
çalışılmıştır. Morfolojik farklılığı saptamak için 13 farklı parametre
incelenmiştir. Analiz sonuçları populasyonlar arasında morfolojik olarak belirgin
farklılığı göstermiştir. Populasyonlar arasındaki genetik varyasyon 17
oligonükleotid primeri kullanılarak Rasgele Çoğaltılmış Polimorfik DNA analiziyle
belirlenmiştir. Average Linkage kullanılarak oluşturulan dendogram bilgilerine
göre 0.25’ lik genetik uzaklıkta çalışılan populasyonların iki ana gruba
ayrıldığı görülmüştür. Yapılan morfolojik ve moleküler analizlerde incelenen
populasyonlar arasında bazı kantitatif karakterler noktasında
farklılıklar tespit edilmiştir. Farklı bölgelerde yetişen populasyonlar
arasında morfolojik bakımdan göz ardı edilmeyecek düzeylerde benzerlikler
saptanırken, genetik olarak çeşitlilik daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Bu durum gen
taşınması noktasında yüksek bir potansiyeli işaret etmektedir. Saptanan olgunun
coğrafi alanlara adaptasyon, insanlar ve aletler tarafından tohumların bölgeler
arası taşınması ve yabancı ot mücadele yöntemleri içerisinde özellikle
kullanılan herbisitlere karşı yabancı ot tarafından geliştirilen
dayanıklılıktan kaynaklanabileceği kanısına varılmıştır.  Bu bağlamda C. difformis tohum hareketinin azaltılması, çeltik tohumluk
trafiğinin ve herbisit kullanımının iyi denetlenmesinin yanısıra, kültürel
yöntemler gibi alan yönetimi uygulamalarına odaklanılması gerekmektedir. Bu
noktada alınacak önlemlerin entegre mücadele stratejileri açısından önem arz
ettiği unutulmamalıdır.         

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kantitatif karakterler, moleküler markır, mücadele stratejileri, yabancı ot

Kaynakça

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