Design and Implementation of Ground Control Station Interface and Hardware for Telemetry Systems
Yıl 2026,
Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1
,
32
-
43
,
30.04.2026
İbrahim Yeşil
,
İkbal Çakır
,
Mehmet Güçyetmez
,
Şekip Esat Hayber
Öz
The goal of this study is to develop a cost-effective, domestic ground control station (GCS) interface and modular hardware architecture for telemetry systems used in critical missions, such as those involving unmanned systems. Real-time tracking of sensor data is crucial to the perception-orientation-decision-action cycle, enabling operators to make informed decisions in mere seconds. The increasing use of low-cost commercial systems in current operational environments has made data integrity and command and control reliability fundamental requirements for the VCS. The developed VCS features a modular architecture comprising multiple microcontrollers at the hardware layer and a Windows Forms .NET interface, written in the C# programming language, at the software layer. The software uses an event-driven approach via the UART/serial port protocol to reliably parse incoming telemetry packets and update graphical panels in real-time.
Etik Beyan
The authors of the article declare that there is no conflict of interest in the conduct and publication of this study.
Destekleyen Kurum
Turkish Technology Team Foundation
Teşekkür
We would like to thank those who contributed to the Teknofest ecosystem, established to achieve Turkey's independence in the field of technology, during the process of creating the technical outputs of the study; Türksat employees who enabled the creation of the project platform and technical requirements; team member Burak Öztürk, who played an active role in project implementation and flight missions; and to Prof. Dr. Ferudun Yılmaz, Rector of Bursa Uludağ University, for his unwavering support during the process of creating the academic outputs.
Kaynakça
-
E. Adamopoulou and E. Daskalakis, “Applications and technologies of big data in the aerospace domain,” Electronics, vol. 12, no. 10, p. 2225, May 2023.
-
D. N. Serpanos and M. Wolf, Internet-of-Things (IOT) Systems: Architectures, Algorithms, Methodologies. Cham: Springer, 2018.
-
B. Kayayurt, I. Yayla, A. Yapici and C. Küçükoğuz, "Ground control station avionics software development in ANKA UAV," 2011 IEEE/AIAA 30th Digital Avionics Systems Conference, Seattle, WA, USA, 2011, pp. 5B6-1-5B6-7.
-
H. Slaney and T. Stecko, “Enhancing Ground Station Visualization Capability in the Space Flight Domain,” thesis, Digital WPI, Lexington, 2024.
-
J. Lachter, S. L. Brandt, V. Battiste, M. Matessa, and W. W. Johnson, “Enhanced Ground Support: Lessons from work on Reduced Crew Operations,” Cognition, Technology & Work, vol. 19, no. 2–3, pp. 279–288, Jul. 2017.
-
M. E. Aydemir, R. C. Dursun, and M. Pehlevan, “Ground station design procedures for CANSAT,” 2013 6th International Conference on Recent Advances in Space Technologies (RAST), pp. 909–912, Jun. 2013.
-
A. Poma, A. Sojo, I. Maza, and A. Ollero, “Ground control station for multi-uav systems in Infrastructure Inspection and Environmental Monitoring Applications,” Journal of Intelligent & Robotic Systems, vol. 111, no. 4, Sep. 2025.
-
“Open Mission Control Technologies (Open MCT)(ARC-15256-1D),” NASA, https://software.nasa.gov/software/ARC-15256-1D (accessed Nov. 24, 2025).
-
V. Woeltjen, “Open MCT Web Developer Guide.” NASA, California, Tech. Rep. NASA/TM-2015-21312, 2015.
-
M. Trimble, “A New Architecture for Visualization: Open Mission Control Technologies”, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, Tech. Rep. NASA/TM-2017-219421, 2017.
-
J. Trimble, “Reconfigurable software for Mission Operations,” SpaceOps 2014 Conference, May 2014. doi:10.2514/6.2014-1832.
-
R. Murali Krishnan et al., “HabSim-HMS: A systems testbed to investigate situational awareness for extraterrestrial habitation,” AIAA Journal, vol. 63, no. 2, pp. 389–403, Feb. 2025.
-
J. Trimble, “Open Source and Design Thinking at NASA: A Vision for Future Software”, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, Tech. Rep. NASA/ARC-E-DAA-TN45280, 2017.
-
J. Hill, “Open e2e Testing Initiative with Open MCT,” in 13th International TestIstanbul Conference, 2022.
-
J. M. Peschel and R. R. Murphy, "On the Human–Machine Interaction of Unmanned Aerial System Mission Specialists," in IEEE Transactions on Human-Machine Systems, vol. 43, no. 1, pp. 53-62, Jan. 2013.
-
M. Chakraborty and A. P. Kundan, Monitoring Cloud-Native Applications: Lead Agile Operations Confidently Using Open Source Software. Berkeley, CA, Berkeley, CA: Apress Apress, 2021.
-
Z. Xu, L. Ma, J. Zhao, J. Men, C. Zhang and Y. He, "A Review on the Application of Mini-UAVs in Urban Operations," 2024 IEEE International Conference on Unmanned Systems (ICUS), Nanjing, China, 2024, pp. 506-511.
-
J. Bzai et al., “Machine learning-enabled internet of things (IOT): Data, applications, and Industry Perspective,” Electronics, vol. 11, no. 17, p. 2676, Aug. 2022.
-
C. Nowadly et al., “The medical implications of emerging unmanned aircraft systems in military and Combat Environments: A narrative review,” Military Medicine, vol. 190, no. 11–12, pp. 11–12, May 2025.
-
C. Kamga, J. Sapphire, Y. Cui, B. Moghimidarzi, and D. Khryashchev, “Exploring Applications for Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) and Unmanned Ground Systems (UGS) in Enhanced Incident Management, Bridge Inspection, and Other Transportation Related Operations,” City University of New York, New York, Tech. Rep. C-15-01, 2017.
-
S. Bagwari, A. Gehlot, R. Singh, N. Priyadarshi and B. Khan, "Low-Cost Sensor-Based and LoRaWAN Opportunities for Landslide Monitoring Systems on IoT Platform: A Review," in IEEE Access, vol. 10, pp. 7107-7127, 2022.
-
O. Aydın, “Key advances in the research, development, and Innovation Ecosystem of Türkiye,” Insight Turkey, vol. 27, no. Spring 2025, pp. 29–42, Jul. 2025.
.
Telemetri Sistemleri için Yer Kontrol İstasyonu Arayüzü ve Donanımının Tasarımı ve Uygulanması
Yıl 2026,
Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1
,
32
-
43
,
30.04.2026
İbrahim Yeşil
,
İkbal Çakır
,
Mehmet Güçyetmez
,
Şekip Esat Hayber
Öz
Bu çalışma, insansız sistemler gibi kritik görevlerde kullanılan telemetri sistemlerine yönelik, yerli ve maliyet etkin bir yer kontrol istasyonu (YKİ) arayüzü ve modüler bir donanım mimarisi geliştirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Sensör verilerinin gerçek zamanlı takibi, operatörün saniyeler içinde doğru kararları alabilmesini sağlayan algılama-yönelim-karar-eylem döngüsü için hayati önem taşımaktadır. Özellikle, düşük maliyetli ticari sistemlerin güncel operasyonel ortamlardaki artan kullanımı, YKİ’nin veri bütünlüğü ve komuta-kontrol güvenilirliğini temel bir gereksinim haline getirmiştir. Geliştirilen YKİ, donanım katmanında birden fazla mikrodenetleyici içeren modüler bir mimariyi ve yazılım katmanında C# programlama dili ile Windows Forms .NET tabanlı bir arayüzü bütünleştirmektedir. Yazılım, UART/seri port protokolü üzerinden olay güdümlü bir yaklaşımla çalışarak gelen telemetri paketlerini güvenilir bir şekilde ayrıştırmakta ve grafik panellerini anlık olarak güncellemektedir.
Etik Beyan
Makalenin yazarları, bu çalışmanın yürütülmesi ve yayımlanması sürecinde herhangi bir çıkar çatışması bulunmadığını beyan etmektedirler.
Destekleyen Kurum
Türkiye Teknoloji Vakfı
Teşekkür
Çalışmanın teknik çıktılarının oluşturulması sürecinde Türkiye’nin teknoloji alanında bağımsızlığını kazanmak üzere oluşturulan Teknofest ekosisteminde emeği geçenlere; proje platformunun ve teknik isterlerinin oluşturulmasını sağlayan Türksat çalışanlarına; proje gerçekleme ve uçuş görevlerinde aktif rol alan ekip üyeleri değerli Burak Öztürk’e; akademik çıktıların oluşturulması sürecinde desteklerini esirgemeyen Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Rektörü Prof. Dr. Ferudun Yılmaz’a teşekkürlerimizi sunarız.
Kaynakça
-
E. Adamopoulou and E. Daskalakis, “Applications and technologies of big data in the aerospace domain,” Electronics, vol. 12, no. 10, p. 2225, May 2023.
-
D. N. Serpanos and M. Wolf, Internet-of-Things (IOT) Systems: Architectures, Algorithms, Methodologies. Cham: Springer, 2018.
-
B. Kayayurt, I. Yayla, A. Yapici and C. Küçükoğuz, "Ground control station avionics software development in ANKA UAV," 2011 IEEE/AIAA 30th Digital Avionics Systems Conference, Seattle, WA, USA, 2011, pp. 5B6-1-5B6-7.
-
H. Slaney and T. Stecko, “Enhancing Ground Station Visualization Capability in the Space Flight Domain,” thesis, Digital WPI, Lexington, 2024.
-
J. Lachter, S. L. Brandt, V. Battiste, M. Matessa, and W. W. Johnson, “Enhanced Ground Support: Lessons from work on Reduced Crew Operations,” Cognition, Technology & Work, vol. 19, no. 2–3, pp. 279–288, Jul. 2017.
-
M. E. Aydemir, R. C. Dursun, and M. Pehlevan, “Ground station design procedures for CANSAT,” 2013 6th International Conference on Recent Advances in Space Technologies (RAST), pp. 909–912, Jun. 2013.
-
A. Poma, A. Sojo, I. Maza, and A. Ollero, “Ground control station for multi-uav systems in Infrastructure Inspection and Environmental Monitoring Applications,” Journal of Intelligent & Robotic Systems, vol. 111, no. 4, Sep. 2025.
-
“Open Mission Control Technologies (Open MCT)(ARC-15256-1D),” NASA, https://software.nasa.gov/software/ARC-15256-1D (accessed Nov. 24, 2025).
-
V. Woeltjen, “Open MCT Web Developer Guide.” NASA, California, Tech. Rep. NASA/TM-2015-21312, 2015.
-
M. Trimble, “A New Architecture for Visualization: Open Mission Control Technologies”, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, Tech. Rep. NASA/TM-2017-219421, 2017.
-
J. Trimble, “Reconfigurable software for Mission Operations,” SpaceOps 2014 Conference, May 2014. doi:10.2514/6.2014-1832.
-
R. Murali Krishnan et al., “HabSim-HMS: A systems testbed to investigate situational awareness for extraterrestrial habitation,” AIAA Journal, vol. 63, no. 2, pp. 389–403, Feb. 2025.
-
J. Trimble, “Open Source and Design Thinking at NASA: A Vision for Future Software”, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, Tech. Rep. NASA/ARC-E-DAA-TN45280, 2017.
-
J. Hill, “Open e2e Testing Initiative with Open MCT,” in 13th International TestIstanbul Conference, 2022.
-
J. M. Peschel and R. R. Murphy, "On the Human–Machine Interaction of Unmanned Aerial System Mission Specialists," in IEEE Transactions on Human-Machine Systems, vol. 43, no. 1, pp. 53-62, Jan. 2013.
-
M. Chakraborty and A. P. Kundan, Monitoring Cloud-Native Applications: Lead Agile Operations Confidently Using Open Source Software. Berkeley, CA, Berkeley, CA: Apress Apress, 2021.
-
Z. Xu, L. Ma, J. Zhao, J. Men, C. Zhang and Y. He, "A Review on the Application of Mini-UAVs in Urban Operations," 2024 IEEE International Conference on Unmanned Systems (ICUS), Nanjing, China, 2024, pp. 506-511.
-
J. Bzai et al., “Machine learning-enabled internet of things (IOT): Data, applications, and Industry Perspective,” Electronics, vol. 11, no. 17, p. 2676, Aug. 2022.
-
C. Nowadly et al., “The medical implications of emerging unmanned aircraft systems in military and Combat Environments: A narrative review,” Military Medicine, vol. 190, no. 11–12, pp. 11–12, May 2025.
-
C. Kamga, J. Sapphire, Y. Cui, B. Moghimidarzi, and D. Khryashchev, “Exploring Applications for Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) and Unmanned Ground Systems (UGS) in Enhanced Incident Management, Bridge Inspection, and Other Transportation Related Operations,” City University of New York, New York, Tech. Rep. C-15-01, 2017.
-
S. Bagwari, A. Gehlot, R. Singh, N. Priyadarshi and B. Khan, "Low-Cost Sensor-Based and LoRaWAN Opportunities for Landslide Monitoring Systems on IoT Platform: A Review," in IEEE Access, vol. 10, pp. 7107-7127, 2022.
-
O. Aydın, “Key advances in the research, development, and Innovation Ecosystem of Türkiye,” Insight Turkey, vol. 27, no. Spring 2025, pp. 29–42, Jul. 2025.
.