BATI KARADENİZ BÖLGESİNDE UZAMIŞ STİLOİD PROÇESİN KONİK IŞINLI BİLGİSAYARLI TOMOGRAFİ İLE DEĞERLENDİRMESİ Assessment of Elongated Styloid Process with Cone-Beam Computed Tomography in Western Part of the Black Sea Region

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 4, 47 - 55, 27.12.2019

Gözde Serindere Seval Bayrak

Öz

ÖZET
Amaç: Bu çalışma Türk populasyonunda uzamış stiloid proçes morfolojisini, prevalansının cinsiyet ve yaş ile
ilişkisini değerlendirmeyi amaçlamıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: 170 hastanın Konik Işınlı Bilgisayarlı Tomografi (KIBT) görüntüleri değerlendirildi. Çalışmaya
dahil edilen hastaların yaş ve cinsiyetleri kaydedildi. Uzamış stiloid proçesin morfolojisi analiz edildi ve
prevalans belirlendi. Uzamış stiloid proçeslerin ortalama uzunluğu ölçüldü.
Bulgular: 170 hastanın (340 styloid proçes) 68’inde (40%) uzamış stiloid proçes gözlendi. Ortalama uzunluk
35.25 mm olarak bulundu. 170 hastanın 4’ünde (2.4%) uzama sağ tarafta, 28’inde (16.5%) sol tarafta, 36
(21.2%) hastada bilateral olarak görüldü. Çalışmamızda, en sık görülen morfoloji Tip 1 olarak bulundu. En sık
görülen kalsifikasyon paterni ise Tip D olarak gözlendi.
Sonuç: Bu çalışmada, KIBT, stiloid proçesin değerlendirmesi ve ölçümü için panoramik radyograflara alternatif
bir metod olarak sunuldu.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Anatomik varyasyonlar; Konik ışınlı bilgisayarlı tomografi; Uzamış stiloid proçes
ABSTRACT
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and morphology of elongated styloid process and its
relation to gender, age and location in Turkish population.
Materials and Methods: Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of 170 patients were evaluated.
Age and gender of the patients who were included in this study were recorded. Morphology of elongated
styloid process was analyzed and prevalence was determined. Mean lengths of elongated styloid processes
were measured.
Results: Elongated styloid process was observed in 68 (40%) of 170 patients (340 styloid processes). Mean
lengths of elongated SP were 35.25 mm. Elongation was observed in right side in 4 (2.4%) of 170 patients
while was observed in left side in 28 (16.5%) patients and it was seen bilaterally in 36 (21.2%) patients. In
our study, the most frequent morphology was observed as Type 1. The most common calcification pattern
was Type D.
Conclusion: In this study, CBCT was presented as an alternative method to panoramic radiographs for the
measurement and the assessment of the styloid process.
Keywords: Anatomic variations; Cone-beam computed tomography; Elongated styloid process

Anahtar Kelimeler

BATI KARADENİZ BÖLGESİNDE UZAMIŞ STİLOİD PROÇESİN KONİK IŞINLI BİLGİSAYARLI TOMOGRAFİ İLE DEĞERLENDİRMESİ Assessment of Elongated Styloid Process with Cone-Beam Computed Tomography in Western Part of the Black Sea Region

Kaynakça

• 1. Standring Susan. GRAY’S Anatomy (The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice).(2016), External and middle ear. 41th ed. Churchill Livingstone, 626. 2. Kadiyala SV, Kumar S. Anatomical Variations in the Length of Styloid Process. Int J Pharm Sci Rev Res. 2015;33(2):123-5. 3. Eagle WW. Elongated styloid processes. Report of two cases. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1937; 25: 548-87. 4. Beder E, Ozgursoy OB, Ozgursoy SK, Anadolu Y: Three-dimensional computed tomography and surgical treatment for Eagle's syndrome. ENT J. 2006; 85:443–5. 5. Tiago RSL, Marques Filho MF, Santos Maia CA, Souza Santos OF. Eagle’s syndrome: surgical treatment evaluation. Rev. Bras. Otorrinolaringol. 2002; 68(2): 196–201. 6. Guzzo FAV, Macedo JAGC, Barros RS, Almeida DC. Eagle’s syndrome: a case report. Revista Paraense de Medicina. 2006; 20(4): 47–51. 7. Langlais RP, Miles DA, Van Dis ML. Elongated and mineralized stylohyoid ligament complex: a proposed classification and report of a case of Eagle’s syndrome. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1986; 61: 527–32. 8. Piagkou M, Anagnostopoulou S, Kouladouros K, Piagkos G. Eagle's syndrome: a review of the literature. Clin Anat. 2009 Jul;22(5):545-58. 9. Frommer J. Anatomic variations in the stylohyoid chain and their possible clinical significance. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1974; 38: 659–67. 10. Lins CC dos SA, Tavares RMC, da Silva CC. Use of Digital Panoramic Radiographs in the Study of Styloid Process Elongation. Anat Res Int. 2015; 474-615. 11. Oztunç H, Evlice B, Tatli U, Evlice A. Cone-beam computed tomographic evaluation of styloid process: a retrospective study of 208 patients with orofacial pain. Head Face Med. 2014; 10 :5. 12. İlgüy D, İlgüy M, Fişekçioğlu E, Dölekoğlu E. Assessment of the Stylohyoid Complex with Cone Beam Computed Tomography. Iran J Radiol. 2013; 10(01): 21-6. 13. Donmez M, Okumus O, Namdar Pekiner F. Cone beam computed tomographic evaluation of styloid process: A retrospective study of 1000 patients. Eur J Dent. 2017 Apr-Jun; 11(2): 210–5. 14. Vieira EMM, Guedes OA, De Morais SD, Musis CR, Albuquerque PA, Borges AH. Prevalence of elongated styloid process in a central brazilian population. J Clin Diagnostic Res. 2015; 9: 90–2. 15. Mathew AL, Cherian SA, Joseph BB. Styloid Process Elongation and Calcification Patterns in a South Kerala Population - Radiographic Aspects. J Ora Med. 2017; 1(1):11. 16. Rizzatti-Barbosa CM, Ribeiro MC, Silva-Concilio LR, Di Hipolito O, Ambrosano GM. Is an elongated stylohyoid process prevalent in the elderly? A radiographic study in a Brazilian population. Gerodontology. 2005; 22: 112–5.17. Leite HF, Niccoli-Filho WD, Liberti EA, Madeira MC, Simões S. Prevalence of elongated stylohyoid ligament complex in human skulls. Rev Odontol UNESP. 1988;17:145–51. 18. Bagga MB, Kumar CA, Yeluri G. Clinicoradiologic evaluation of styloid process calcification. Imaging Sci Dent. 2012 Sep; 42(3): 155-61. 19. de Andrade KM, Rodrigues CA, Watanabe PC, Mazzetto MO. Styloid process elongation and calcification in subjects with TMD: Clinical and radiographic aspects. Braz Dent J. 2012; 23: 443–50. 20. Bader K AlZarea. Prevalence and pattern of the elongated styloid process among geriatric patients in Saudi Arabia. Clin Interv Aging. 2017; 12: 611–7. 21. Sudhakara Reddy R, Sai Kiran Ch, Sai Madhavi N, Raghavendra MN, Satish A. Prevalence of elongation and calcification patterns of elongated styloid process in south india. J Clin Exp Dent. 2013; 5(1): e30-5. 22. Kursoglu P, Unalan F, Erdem T. Radiological evaluation of the styloid process in young adults resident in Turkey's Yeditepe University faculty of dentistry. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2005;100:491–4. 23. Shaik MA, Naheeda, Kaleem SM, Abdul Wahab, Hameed S. Prevalence of elongated styloid process in Saudi population of Aseer region. Eur J Dent. 2013 Oct-Dec; 7(4): 449–54. 24. Roopashri G, Vaishali MR, David MP, Baig M, Shankar U. Evaluation of elongated styloid process on digital panoramic radiograph. J Contemp Dent Pract. 2012;13(5):618–22. 25. More CB, Asrani MK. Evaluation of the styloid process on digital panoramic radiographs. Indian J Radiol Imaging. 2010;20(4):261–5. 26. Shah SP, Praveen NB, Syed V, Subhashini AR. Elongated styloid process: a retrospective panoramic radiographic study. World J Dent. 2012;3(4):316–9. 27. Bozkir MG, Boga H, Dere F. The evaluation of elongated styloid process in panoramic radiographs in edentulous patients. Tr J Medical Science. 1999; 29: 481–5. 28. Correll RW, Jensen JL, Taylor JB, Rhyne RR. Mineralization of the stylohyoid- stylomandibular ligament complex. A radiographic incidence study. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1979;48(4):286–91. 29. Ferrario VF, Sigurta D, Daddona A, et al. Calcification of the stylohyoid ligament incidence and morphoquantitative evaluations. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1990;69(4):524–9. 30. Scaf G, Freitas DQ, Loffredo Lde C. Diagnostic reproducibility of the elongated styloid process. J Appl Oral Sci. 2003;11(2):120–4. 31. Vadgaonkar R, Murlimanju BV, Prabhu LV, et al. Morphological study of styloid process of the temporal bone and its clinical implications. Anat Cell Biol. 2015;48(3):195–200. 32. Nalçacı R, Mısırlıoğlu M. Yaşlı Bireylerde Styloid Proçesin Radyolojik Olarak Değerlendirilmesi. Atatürk Üniv Diş Hek Fak Derg. 2006; 16(3): 1-6. 33. Tunçdemir AR, Büyükerkmen EB, Çelebi H, Akın C. Bruxism’i olan hastalarda Styloid Process Uzunluğunun Değerlendirilmesi. Atatürk Üniv Diş Hek Fak Derg. 2017; 27(1):39-42. 34. Slavin KV: Eagle syndrome: entrapment of the glossopharyngeal nerve? Case report and review of the literature. J Neurosurg. 2002; 97:216–8.35. Scarfe WC, Farman AG, Sukovic P: Clinical applications of cone-beam computed tomography in dental practice. J Canadian Dental Assoc. 2006;72:75–80. 36. Ilgüy M, Ilgüy D, Güler N, Bayirli G. Incidence of the type and calcification patterns in patients with elongated styloid process. J Int Med Res. 2005 Jan-Feb;33(1):96-102.