Evaluation of Anticancer Effect Mechanisms of Essential Oils and Their Components

Öz

Researching natural herbal products as new active ingredients as anticancer agents is one of the rapidly progressing and attracting research topics today. In recent years, the number of studies evaluating the effects of essential oils in cancer treatment has significantly increased and gained momentum. Essential oil components include monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, oxygenated monoterpenes, oxygenated sesquiterpenes, and phenolic compounds. In this review, studies showing which cellular action mechanisms of essential oils and their components in different cancer cells can be used as anticancer agents are mentioned. Studies have shown that essential oils and their components exhibit antiproliferative activity by directing cancer cells to apoptosis, arresting the cell cycle, showing antimetastatic and antiangiogenic effects, increasing the amount of reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) and stimulating DNA repair mechanisms. Studies have shown that essential oil and its components also affect the activities of detoxification enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Anticancer Mechanisms
• Essential Oils
• Detoxification Enzymes
• Apoptosis
• Cell Cycle Arrest

Uçucu Yağların ve Bileşenlerinin Antikanser Etki Mekanizmalarının Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Antikanser ajan olarak yeni etken madde olarak doğal bitkisel ürünlerin araştırılması günümüzde çok hızlı ilerleyen ve oldukça dikkat çeken araştırma konularından biridir. Son yıllarda, uçucu yağların kanser tedavisindeki etkilerini değerlendiren çalışmaların sayısı önemli ölçüde artmış ve hız kazanmıştır. Uçucu yağ bileşenleri arasında monoterpenler, seskiterpenler, oksijenli monoterpenler, oksijenli seskiterpenler ve fenolikler bileşikler yer almaktadır. Bu derlemede farklı kanser hücrelerindeki uçucu yağların ve bileşenlerinin hangi hücresel etki mekanizmaları kullanarak antikanser ajan olarak değerlendirilebileceğini gösteren çalışmalara değinilmiştir. Uçucu yağlar ve bileşenlerinin kanser hücrelerini apoptoza yönlendirerek, hücre döngüsünü duraksatarak, antimetastatik ve antianjiyogenik etki göstererek, reaktif oksijen türlerinin ve reaktif azot türlerinin (ROT/RNS) miktarını arttırarak ve DNA tamir mekanizmalarını uyararak antiproliferatif aktivite gösterdikleri yapılan çalışmalar ile ortaya konmuştur. Uçucu yağ ve bileşenlerinin Süperoksit dismutaz (SOD), katalaz, glutatyon peroksidaz ve glutatyon reduktaz gibi detoksifikasyon enzimlerinin aktiviteleri üzerinde de etki gösterdikleri yapılan çalışmalarla gösterilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Antikanser Mekanizmalar
• Uçucu Yağlar
• Detoksifikasyon Enzimleri
• Apoptoz
• Hücre Döngüsünün Durdurulması

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