A Survey on HVDC Power Transmission Systems

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2, 1170 - 1181, 30.12.2020

Mahir Kutay Ahmad Usman

https://doi.org/10.35193/bseufbd.693132

Öz

Electric power is generated and transported globally by the means of an “Alternating Current” (AC) process. However, there are some applications in which “Direct Current” (DC) power transmission is superior to AC. Problems due to the lack of technology that provides good control and regulation for conversions of DC-to-AC and AC-to-DC hampered deployment of DC power transmission technology. The development of power electronic devices has removed a large portion of restrictions on “High Voltage Direct Current” (HVDC) power transportation. HVDC use has become part of daily use for a long time due to its economic benefits and technical advantages over the “High Voltage Alternating Current” (HVAC) power transmission. The advantages of HVDC make it suitable for power transmission over long distances and for connecting power systems of countries operating at different frequencies. This paper introduces the principles of HVDC, compares the applications of HVDC in the world, and discusses the future improvements needed within this technology.

Anahtar Kelimeler

HVDC, Thyristor, IGBT, Monopolar HVDC

HVDC Güç İletim Sistemleri Konusunda Bir Derleme

Öz

Elektrik enerjisi, dünyaçapında “AlternatifAkım” (AC) olarak üretilir ve taşınır. Bununlabirlikte, “DoğruAkım” (DC) güç iletiminin AC'den daha üstün olduğu bazı uygulamalar vardır. DC'den AC'ye ve AC'den DC'ye dönüşümler için iyi bir control ve düzenleme sağlayan teknoloji eksikliğinden kaynaklanan sorunlar nedeniyle, DC güç iletim teknolojisi yaygınlaşmamıştır. Güç elektroniği cihazlarının geliştirilmesi, “Yüksek Gerilim Doğru Akım” (HVDC) güç aktarımındaki kısıtlamaların büyük bir kısmını kaldırmıştır. HVDC kullanımı, ekonomik faydaları ve “Yüksek Gerilim Alternatif Akım” (HVAC) güç aktarımına gore teknik avantajları nedeniyle uzun bir süredir günlük kullanımın bir parçası olmuştur. HVDC uzun mesafelerde güç aktarımında kayıpların azaltılması ve farklı frekanslarda çalışan ülkelerin güç sistemlerini birbirine bağlamasında HVAC ye gore daha avantajlıdır. Bu makalede HVDC ilkeleri tanıtılmakta, HVDC'nin dünyadaki uygulamaları karşılaştırılmaktave bu teknolojide gelecekte ihtiyaç duyulacak gelişmeler tartışılmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

HVDC, Tristör, IGBT, Tekkutuplu HVDC

Kaynakça

• AnoopDhayani A. P. et al., (2015) Design and Performance Analysis of HVDC Transmission System Under Different Fault Conditions. International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering & Telecommunications. ISSN 2319 – 2518.Vol. 1, No. 2, July 2015.
• Hossain Z., Hossain K., Hossain A., and Islam M., , “Performance analysis of a HVDC transmission system under steady state and faulted conditions”, Telkomnika Indonesian journal of electrical engineering, 12(8), pp. 5854-5860, 2014.
• Benish K. Paily. Ph.D. (2015) HVDC Systems Fault Analysis Using Various Signal Processing Techniques. Dublin Institute of Technology Republic of Ireland.
• Grant J., “Review of HVDC technology application and future prospects’’. Research Gate,November, 2017.
• Edison S., Pugazhendi S., and Raj M. K., ‘’Review of fundamentals of HVDC transmissions’’. August 2014.
• Kim C. K., Sood V. K., Jang G. S., Lim S., and Lee S. J., HVDC Transmission power conversion applications in power systems, Wiley-IEEE Press, 2010.
• Padiyar K.R., HVDC Power Transmission Systems, 2nd Edition, New Academic Science, 2011.
• Eltamaly A. M., Sayed Y., and Elghaffar A. N., “ HVDC system operation and fault analysis”, IJET November, 2017.
• Grid Tech Team, Applications for HVDC technologies, U.S department of energy, April, 2013.
• Yu J., Karady G. G., “Applications of embedded HVDC in power system transmission”, IEEE Power engineering and automation conference, PEAM, 2013.
• Chandra S., Singh P., Gupta K., “Analysis of HVDC power transmission line with unique power control room”, IJSR,ISSN:2319-7064, 2015.
• Kamalapur G. D.,‘’ HVDC transmission in india’’ IEEE 2014.
• Zeng P., Zhou Q., Dai Q.,”Study on the development and reliability of HVDC transmissions systems in China’’, IEEE International conference on power systems, 2016.
• Lidong Z, Lars D, “A novel method of mitigate commutation failures in HVDC Systems”, Proceedings of international conference on power system technology, 2002.
• Horiuchi, T. & Kato, Y., “Japana prepares HVDC techniques to meet domestic need”, Energy international., 11(1), pp. 13-14, 1974.
• Adamson, C. and Hingorani, N. G., HVDC power transmission, Garaway Ltd, 1960.
• Meah K., Ula S., “Comparative evaluation of HVDC and HVAC transmission systems”, IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting, 2007.
• Daware K., “HVDC vs HVAC transmissions”, retrieved December 17, 2018. From https://www.electricaleasy.com/2016/02/hvdc-vs-hvac.html.
• Long W. F., Editor "Comparison of costs and benefits for DC and AC transmission", OAK Ridge national laboratory, ORNL-6204, Feb 1987.
• Comparative evaluation of HVDC and HVAC transmission system, Conference paper, july 2007.
• Axelson A., Knosh G., The Gotland HVDC light Project, 2001.
• Goodrich, F. & Andersen, B., “The 2000 MW HVDC link between England and France”, Power engineering journal, March, 1(2), pp. 69-74., 1987.
• Mazzoldi, F., Taisne, J., Martin, C. & Rowe, B., 1989. Adapation of the control equipment to permit 3-terminal operation of HVDC link between Sardinia,Corsica and mainland Italy. IEEE,Power Delivery, April, 4(2), pp. 1269-1274.
• Franck C.M., ‘’ HVDC circuit breaker:A review identifying the future research need for power delivery”, IEEE transactions on power delivery, 26(2), 2011.
• Wadha, C.L, Electrical power systems sixth edition, New Age International Publishers, New Delhi, 2010.
• Motto W. J., ‘’Introduction to solid state power electronics”, February 1977
• Arruda C, Lima A. C. S., ’’ Corona modeling in HVDC transmission lines based on a modified particle-in-cell approach’’, Electric power systems research No:125, 2015.
• Ogar V. N., L., Bendor S. A., James A. E., ’’ Analysis of a corona effects on hvdc transmission lines’’, American journal of engineering research (AJER), 6(7), pp. 75-87, 2017
• Retrieved December 22 2018 from:https://circuitglobe.com/corona-effect.html
• khani K.A., Applications of High voltage DC transmissions, Retrieved December 22, 2018 from:https://circuitglobe.com/corona-effect.html.
• William John motto, Jr: “HVDC Corona Space Charge Modeling and Measurement”, IEEE Transactions on power delivery, 26(4), pp. 2630-2637, 2011.
• Breuer W, et al.: “Trends for future HVDC Applications”, Electric power supply industry, 2006.
• Future of HVDC power grid in Europe, retrieved March 11, 2019. From https://ocw.tudelft.nl/wp-content/uploads/TGD-R3-HVDC-Power-Grid-Straka.pdf.
• Selvaraj E. et al., (2014) A Review on Fundamentals of HVDC Transmissions. Chennai, India