REVIEW OF STUDIES ON THE USE OF TECHNOLOGY AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN MUSEUMS

Öz

Digitalization, as in every field, has an impact on museums as well as on the needs and expectations of individuals. Digitalization and especially artificial intelligence (AI) have radically transformed the way museums function and visitor experiences. Digitalization has enabled museums to overcome physical limitations by making their collections accessible in the virtual environment, thereby making them accessible to a wider audience on a global scale. AI is used in a wide range of areas, from museum guidance systems to artifact analysis, and plays an important role in increasing interaction by providing personalized experiences according to visitors' preferences and providing many opportunities such as restoration, management, data analysis, and artifact protection. All these technological developments have contributed to reshaping cultural heritage on digital platforms by making museums more accessible, interactive, and sustainable. In this context, the aim of the study is to examine the studies on the use of technology and artificial intelligence in museums using bibliometric methods. The Web of Science was preferred as a database. For the purpose of the study, “museum, technology, and artificial intelligence” was used as a search term. The study examined 399 publications on 04.02.2025, scanning them without any restrictions on document type or time. WoS Analysis, VOSviewer and R Studio were used in bibliometric analysis and creation of graphics. In this direction, the effective ones among the examined publications were determined, the most effective authors and study subjects were determined, the development of the relevant literature over the years, the international cooperation network, the keywords used and the studies were evaluated by creating a thematic map. As a result, the current literature is presented by examining the studies and the development and change of the study topics over the years. It has been determined that there are no studies or deficiencies on topics such as gamification using technology in museums, measuring visitor experiences for artificial intelligence-supported museum applications, measuring user attitudes and perceptions towards digital exhibitions, artificial intelligence-supported museum education, etc.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Museum
• Technology
• Artificial Intelligence
• Bibliometric Analysis

MÜZELERDE TEKNOLOJİ VE YAPAY ZEKÂ KULLANIMI ÜZERİNE YAPILAN ÇALIŞMALARIN İNCELENMESİ

Öz

Dijitalleşme her alanda olduğu gibi müzelerde de bireylerin ihtiyaç ve beklentilerine yönelik olarak etkisini göstermektedir. Dijitalleşme ve özellikle yapay zeka, müzelerin işleyişi ve ziyaretçi deneyiminde köklü dönüşüme neden olmuştur. Dijitalleşme, müzelerin koleksiyonlarını sanal ortamda erişilebilir kılarak, fiziksel sınırlamaları aşmalarını sağlamıştır. Yapay zeka ise müze rehberlik sistemlerinden, eser analizlerine kadar geniş bir alanda kullanılmakta, ziyaretçilerin tercihlerine göre kişiselleştirilmiş deneyimler sunabilmekte ve restorasyon, yönetim, veri analizi, eserlerin korunması gibi birçok imkan sağlamasıyla etkileşimin artmasında önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Tüm bu teknolojik gelişmeler müzeleri daha erişilebilir, etkileşimli ve sürdürülebilir hale getirerek kültürel mirası dijital platformlarda yeniden şekillenmesine katkı sağlamıştır. Bu bağlamda çalışmanın amacı, müzelerde teknoloji ve yapay zekâ kullanımı ile ilgili yapılan çalışmaların bibliyometrik yöntemler kullanılarak incelenmesidir. Veri tabanı olarak Web of Science (WoS) tercih edilmiştir. Araştırmanın amacı doğrultusunda arama terimi olarak “müze, teknoloji ve yapay zeka” kullanılmıştır. 04.02.2025 tarihinde belge türü ve zaman kısıtlaması olmadan yapılan tarama sonucunda 399 yayın çalışma kapsamında incelenmiştir. Bibliyometrik analizin yapılmasında ve grafiklerin oluşturulmasında WoS Analysis, VOSviewer ve R Stüdyo’dan yararlanılmıştır. Bu doğrultuda incelenen yayınlar içerisinde etkili olanların tespit edilmesi, en etkili yazarların, çalışma konularının belirlenmesi, yıllar içerisindeki ilgili literatürün gelişimi, ülkeler arası işbirliği ağı, kullanılan anahtar kelimeler ve çalışmaların tematik harita oluşturularak, değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmada sonuç olarak yayınların yıllar içerisindeki çalışma konularının gelişimi ve değişimi incelenerek mevcut literatür ortaya konulmuştur. Müzelerde teknoloji kullanılarak oyunlaştırma, yapay zeka destekli müze uygulamalarına yönelik ziyaretçi deneyimlerinin ölçülmesi, dijital sergilere yönelik kullanıcı tutum ve algılarının ölçülmesi, yapay zeka destekli müze eğitimi vb. konularda çalışmaların olmadığı veya eksiklikler olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Müze
• Teknoloji
• Yapay Zekâ
• Bibliyometrik Analiz

Kaynakça

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