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THE DIFFERENT CONCEPTS OF THE GENESIS OF ALPINE-TYPE EMPLACED ULTRABASIC ROCKS AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS ON CHROMITE PROSPECTION

Yıl 1963, Cilt: 61 Sayı: 61, 46 - 61, 01.02.1963

Öz

The genesis of ultrabasic rocks of the alpine-type and the chromite deposits associated with them, once thought to be relatively simple, has become increasingly more difficult to explain as our knowledge of these rocks and deposits increased. The world literature on this subject accumulates rapidly and especially in the last decade important contributions from geological point have been forwarded among others by Bailey and McCallien (1953), Borchert (1960, 1961), Brunn (1954, 1960), Dubertret (1955), Helke (1961, 1962), Hiessleitner (1951, 1952, 1957), v.d. Kaaden (1959, 1960),Kündig (1956), Milovanovic and Karamata (1960), Ovchinikov and Harris (1960), Peive (1960), Petrascheck (1957), de Roever (1957, 1961), Ross, Forster and Meyers (1954), Rost (1959, 1961), Stoll (1957), Schmidt (1954), Thayer (1960a, b), de Wijkerslooth (1954), to mention only a few.

Kaynakça

  • BAILEY, E.B. & McCALLIEN, W.J. (1953) : Serpentine lavaş, the Ankara Melange and the Anatolian thrust. Trans. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh, 62/2.
  • BALK, R. (1937) : Structural behaviour of igneous rocks. Geol. Soc. Amer., Mem. 15, p. 10.
  • BARUTOĞLU, Ö.H. (1960) : The Eskişehir chrome region with special reference to the Sazak Mine, Turkey. Symposium on Chrome Ore—CENTO, s. 137-156, Ankara.
  • BATEMAN, A.M. (1951) : Economic mineral deposits. 2. Ed., Nevv York.
  • BATTEY, M.H. (1960) : Observations of the peridotites and pyroxenites of the Jotunheim complex in Norvvay. Intern. Geol. Congr., part XIII, Copenhagen, s. 198-207.
  • BEDERKE, E. (1957) : Zur Geologie und Geophysik der Tiefen. Geol. Rundschau, 46, s. 229-245.
  • BEMMELEN, R.W.v. (1960) : Nevv views on east-alpine orogenesis. Intern. Geol. Congr., XXI. Session Norden, part XVIII, s. 99-116.
  • (1960) : Zur Mechanik der ostalpinen Deckenbildung. Geol. Rundschau, Bd. 50, s. 474-499.
  • (1961) : The Scientific character of Geology. Journ, of Geol., vol. 64, no. 4, s. 453-463.
  • BORCHERT, H. (1957) : Deri initiale Magmatismus und die dazugehörigen Lagerstaetten. N. Jb. Miner. Abh. 91, Festband Schneiderhöhn, s. 541-572.
  • (1960) : Erfahrungen an türkischen Chromerzlagerstaetten. Symposium on Chrome Ore—CENTO, pp. 92-108, Ankara.
  • (1961) : Zusammenhaenge zvvischen Lagerstaettenbildung, Magmatismus und Geotektonik. Geol. Rundschau, Bd. 50, s. 131-165.
  • BOWEN, N.L. & SCHAIRER, O.F. (1933) : Intern. Geol. Congress, Washington, 1936.
  • BOWEN, W.N. & TUTTLE, O.F. (1949) : The system MgO-SiO2 -H2O. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 1949, vol. 60, s. 439-460.
  • BRUNN, J.H. (1954) : Les eruptions ophiolitiques dans le NW de la Grece, leurs relations avec l'orogenese. Intern. Geol. Congr. Alger. Sect. XV, vol. XVII, s. 19-27.
  • (1957) : Contribution â l'etude geol. du Pinde Septentrional. Ann. Pap. Hellen, tome VII, Athen.
  • (1960) : Mise en place et differentiation de l'association pluto-volcanique du cortege ophiolitique. Revue de Geogr. Phys. et de Giol. Dynam., vol. III, s. 115-132.
  • CHUDOBA, K. F. & FRECHEN, J. (1950) : Über die plastische Verformung von Olivin. JV. Jb. Miner. Abh. Bd. 81, H. 2, s. 183-200.
  • DEVRIES, R.C. & ROY, R. (1958) : The influence of ionic substitution on the stability of micas and chlorites. Econ. Geol., 53, s. 965.
  • DONATH, M. (1962) : Die, metallischen Rohstoffe. Chrom, 4. Bd.
  • DUBERTRET, L. (1955) : Geologie des roches vertes du Nord-Ouest de la Syrie et du Hatay (Turquie). Notes et Mim. sur le Moyen Orient. Mus. Nat. d'Hist. Naturelle. Paris, vol. 6, s. 5-224.
  • EITEL, Wilhelm (1954) : The physical chemistry of silicates. Univ. Chicago Press.
  • FLİNT, D.E. ; ALBEAR, J.F. & GUİLD, Ph.W. (1948) : Geology and Chromite deposits of the Camagüey district. Camagüey Cuba. U.S. Dept. of Int. Geol. Survey, Bull. 954, B.
  • FÖRSTER, LF. & GRAFENAUER, S. (1959) : Diskussion zur Arbeit von Krause. JV. Jb. Miner. Abh. 92, s. 171-183.
  • HALL, A.L. (1932) : The Bushveld igneous complex of the Central Transvaal. Geol. Surv. South Africa, Mem. 28.
  • HELKE, A. (1961) : Die Metallogenie der türkischen Chromerzlagerstaetten insbesondere der osttürk. Chromitprovinz. Fortschr. Miner. 39, s. 134-137
  • (1961) : Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Chromerzlagerstaetten des Soridağ in der Türkei. JV. Jb. Miner. Abh., s. 48-78.
  • (1962) : The metallogeny of the chromite deposits of the Guleman district, Turkey. Econ. Geol., vol. 57, s. 954-962.
  • HENCKMANN, W. (1942) : Die Chromerze des nahen Ostens. Ztschr, prakt. Geol. 50.
  • HESS, H.H. (1938b) : A primary peridotite magma. Am. Journ. Sc., 5th ser., vol. 35, no. 209, s. 321-344.
  • (1939) : Island arcs, gravity anomalies and Serpentine intrusions, a contribution to the opbiolitic problem. 17th Intern. Geol. Congr. Moscou), vol. 2, s. 263-283.
  • (1955) : Serpentines, orogeny and epirogeny in Poldervaart, Arie. The crust of the Earth. Geol. Soc. Am. Spec., Paper 62, s. 391-407.
  • (1955) : Serpentine, orogeny and epirogeny, Symposium. The crust of the Earth. Am. Geol. Soc. Baltimore.
  • (1959) : Stillwater igneous complex, a quantitative mineral study. Geol. Soc. Am. Mem.
  • HIESSLEITNER, G. (1951/52) : Serpentine und Chromerz-Geologie der Balkanhalbinsel und eines Teiles von Kleinasien. B. I, II.
  • (1957) : Beitrag zur Geologie von Cypern. Geol. Bundesanstalt, Wien. Jahrgg. 1957, Bd. 100, Heft 2, s. 239-255.
  • HUNTER, Ch.E.; MURDOCK, Th.G, & McCARTHY, G.R. (1942) : Chromite deposits of North-Carolina. N. Carolina Dep. of Conservation and Development Division of Mineral Resources, Bull. 42.
  • INGERSON, E. (1955) : Methods and problems of geologie thermometry. Econ. Geol., 26, s. 625-629.
  • INGHAM, F.T. (1960) : Lexique stratigraphique international, vol. II, Asie-Cyprus.
  • JACKSON, E.D. (1961) : Primary textures and mineral associations in the ultramafic zone of the Stilhvater complex—Montana. Geol. Surv. Profess. Paper 358, Washington U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1961.
  • KAADEN, G.v.d. & MÜLLER, G. (1953) : Gürleyik köy civan (SW Anadolu) krom madenlerinin kimyasal terkibi ve bunlann Balkan yarımadası kromitleri ile mukayesesi. Türk. Jeol. Kur. Bült., cilt IV, no. 2, s. 59-60, Ankara.
  • KAADEN, G.v.d. (1959) : Güneybatı Türkiye'de peridotit kitleleri içinde zuhur eden kromitlerin kompozisyonu ile tektonik-magmatik vaziyetleri arasındaki münasebet hakkında. M.T.A. Derg., no. 52, Ankara.
  • (1960) : On the geological-tectonic setting of the chromite province of Muğla (Turkey). Symposium on Chrome Ore—CENTO, s. 109-121, Ankara.
  • KHAIN, V.E. (1960) : Int. Geol. Congr. Report of the XXI. Session Norden Part XVIII, Proc. Sect. 18, s. 215-226.
  • KRAUSE, H. (1958) : Erzmikroskopische Untersuchungen an türkischen Chromiten. JV. Jb. Miner. Abh. 90, s. 305-306.
  • (1959) : Erwiderung auf den Diskussionsbeitrag von I.F. Förster and S. Grafenauer. «Diskussion zur Arbeit von Krause». Erzmikr. Unters, an türkischen Chromiten. N. Jb. Miner. Abh. 92, s. 314-324.
  • KÜNDIG, E. (1956) : The position in time and space of the ophiolites with relation to orogenic metamorphism. Geol. en Nijnbouw. 18/4, s. 106-114.
  • LIVERMOORE, J.S.; RYNEARSON, G.H.; SMITH, C.T. & WELLS, F.G. (1949) : Chromite deposits near Seiad and McGuffy creeks. Siskiyou County Califomia. U.S. Dep. of the interior. Geol. Surv. Bull. 948, B. 1949.
  • LOMBAARD, B.V. (1934) : On the differentiation and relationship of the rocks of the Bushveld complex. Geol. Soc. South Africa, Transv., vol. 37, s. 5-52.
  • LOVERING, T.S. (1955) : Temperature in and near intrusions. Econ. Geol., 50, The anniversary vol. Part I, s. 240-281.
  • MILOVANOVİC, B. & KARAMATA, St. (1960) : Über den Diapirismus serpentinischer Massen. Intern. Geol. Congr. Norden, XXI. Session, Part XVII, s. 409-417.
  • MOURATOV, M.V. (1960) : Tectonic structures of the alpine geosynclinal area in eastern Europe and Asia Minor and the history of their development. Intern. Geol. Congr. Rep. of the XXI, Session, Norden. Part XVIII, Proc. Sect. 18, s. 137-148.
  • NOBLE, J.A. & TAYLOR, H.P.Jr. (1960) : Correlation of the ultramafic complexes of Southeastern Alaska with those of other parts of North America and the world. Intern. Geol. Congr., Copenhagen, Part XVII, s. 176-197.
  • OVCHINIKOV, L.N. & HARRİS, M.A. (1960) : Absolute age of geol. formations of the Urals and pre-Urals. Intern. Geol. Congr., Report of the XXI. Session, Norden. Part III, Proc. Sect. 3.
  • PEIVE, A. (1960) : Fractures and their role in the structure and development on the earth's crust. Intern. Geol. Congr., Rep. of the XXI. Session, Norden. Part XVIII, s. 280-286.
  • PERRIN, P. ; ROUBAULT, M.; AVIAS, J. & BILJOU, S.V. (1955) : Colloques Internationaux (New Caledonia, Bushveld Complex, S. Africa), Nancy, 1955.
  • PETRASCHECK, W.E.Jr. (1957) : Die genetischen Typen der Chromerzlagerstaetten und ihre Aufsuchung. Zeitschr, f. Erzbergbau und Metallhüttenwesen, Bd X, s. 2-10.
  • (1959) : Intrusiver and extrusiver Peridotitmagmatismus im alpinotypen Bereich. Geol. Rundschau, Bd. 48, s. 205-217.
  • PHILIPS, F.C. (1938) : Geol. Mag., 75.
  • RECHENBERG, H.P. (1960) : The chrome or deposit of Kavak, Eskişehir, Turkey. Symposium on Chrome Ore—CENTO, s. 146-1 6, Ankara.
  • RÖSSLER, H.J. (1960) : Bemerkungen zur Genese von Geosynklinalmagmatiten. Intern. Geol. Congr. Copenhagen, part XIII, s. 96-108.
  • ROEVER, W.P. de (1960) : Beitraege der Petrographie zur Kenntnis zur tieferen Teile der Erde. Verh. Geol. Bundesanstalt, 1960, 1. s. 23-31.
  • ROEVER, W. P. de (1957) : Sind die alpinotypen Peridotitmassen vielleicht tektonisch verfrachtete Bruchstücke der Peridotitschale? Geol. Rundschau, Bd. 46, Heft l, s. 137-146.
  • (1961) : Mantelgesteine und Magmen tiefer Herkunft. Fortschr. Miner. 39, l, s. 96-107,
  • ROMIEUX, J. (1941) : Etibank raporu (neşredilmemiş), Ankara.
  • ROSS, C.S.; FÖRSTER, M.D. & MEYERS, A.T. (1954) : Origin of dunites in basaltic rocks. Am. Min., vol 39, s. 693-737.
  • ROST, F. (1959) : Probleme ultrabasischer Gesteine und ihrer Lagerstaetten. Freiberger Forschungs Heft C, 59, s. 28-64.
  • — (1961) : Die Talklagerstaetten der Münchberger Gneismasse Fichtelgebirge. V.F.M.G. 8, s. 128-143.
  • (1961) : Chlorit und Granat in ultrabasischen Gesteinen Fortschr. Miner. 39, l, 1961, s. 112-126.
  • SAMPSON, E. (1942) : Chromite deposits in W.A. Nevvhouse. Ore deposits as related to structural feature. Princeton, 1942.
  • SCHMIDT, W J. (1954) : Geologie und Erzführung der Chromitkonzession Başören (Anatolien). Österr. Akad. d. Wiss. Maht. Natunv. Kl. Abt. I, 163, Bd. 9, s. 622-644.
  • (1954) : Chromitvorkommen in Zentralanatolien. Montan. Rundschau, 10, s. 258-261.
  • (1954) : Gesetzmaessigkeiten zentralanatolischer Chromitvorkommen, Zeitsch, d. Deutsch Geol. Ges. 106, s. 497-504.
  • (1956) : Bau und Entstehung zentralanatolischer Chromitvorkommen. Berg- und Hüttenmaennische Monatshefte, Jg. 101, 2, s. 36-38.
  • SMITH, C.H. (1958) : Bay of Islands igneous complex, western Newfoundland, Canada Geol. Surv. Mem., 290, s. 132.
  • STOLL, W.G. (1958) : Geology and Petrology of the Masinloc chromite deposit Zambales, Luzon, Philippine Islands. Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 69, s. 419-448.
  • THAYER, T.P. (1942) : Chrome resources of Cuba. Geol. Surv. Bull., 935 A.
  • (1946) : Preliminary chemical Correlation of chromite with the containing rocks. Econ. Geol., vol. XLI, s. 202-217.
  • (1960) : Some critical differences between Alpine type and stratiform peridotite-gabbro complexes. Intern. Geol. Congr., Norden. Part XIII, s. 247-259, Copenhagen.
  • (1960) : Application of geology in chromite exploration and mining, Symposiumon Chrome Ore— CENTO, s. 197-223, Ankara.
  • TOLUN, N. (1954) : M.T.A. raporu (neşredilmemiş), Ankara.
  • WAGER, L.R. & DEER, W.A. (1939) : Geological investigations in East Greenland 3. The petrology of the Skaergaard intrusion. Kangerdluggsuaq. East Greenland. Meddel, om Grönland, vol. 105, no. 4, s. 1-352.
  • & MITCHELL, R.L. (1951) : The distribution of trace elements during Strong fractionation of basic magma, a further study of the Skaergaard intrusion. East Greenland. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, V. l, s. 129-208.
  • WEINHEIMER, P. & ROST, P. (1961) : Akzessorische Mineralien und Elemente im Serpentinit von Leopoldsgrün (Münchener Gneismasse). Beitrag z. Geochemie ultrabasischer Gesteine Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 21, s. 165-181.
  • VVİLKİNSON. J.F.C. (1953) : Geol Mag. 90, 153.
  • WIJKERSLOOTH, P. de (1942) : Hatay kromit yataklarında pnömatolitik-idrotermal istihaleler. M.T.A. Mecm., no. 3/28, Ankara.
  • WIJKERSLOOTH, P. de (1942) : Türk krom cevherlerindeki istihaleler. M.T.A. Mecm., no. 2/27, Ankara.
  • (1943) : Anadolu krom cevherleri üzerinde mikroskopik tetkikler. M.T.A. Mecm., no. 2/30, Ankara.
  • (1947) : The chromite deposits of the Guleman concession. Kon. Ned. Akad. v. Wetensch. Proceedings, vol. L, no. 2.
  • (1954) : Einiges über die Entstehung von Chromitkonzentrationen und Chromerzlagerstaetten an Hand von neuen Beobachtungen in Anatolien. N. Jb. Miner. Abh. 9, s. 190-200.
  • ZENGiN, Y. (1960) : The distribution of chromite reserves in successive layers and scattered lenses. Symposium on Chrome Ore—CENTO, s. 122-129, Ankara.

ALPİN TİPİ ULTRABAZİK KAYAÇLARIN KÖKENi VE BUNLARIN KROMİT PROSPEKSİYONU İLE OLAN İLGİSİ HAKKINDA ÇEŞiTLi GÖRÜŞLER

Yıl 1963, Cilt: 61 Sayı: 61, 46 - 61, 01.02.1963

Öz

Şimdiye kadar alpin tipi ultrabazik kayaçlar ve bunlarla ilgili kromit yataklarının kökeninin basit olduğu zannediliyordu, fakat bu kayaç ve yataklar hakkındaki bilgimiz artınca, bunun o kadar basit olmadığı anlaşıldı. Bu konuda dünyanın her tarafında yayın yapılmaktadır, özellikle son on yıl içinde jeolojik bakımdan önemli yayınlar yapılmıştır. Bunları yazanlar arasında şu isimleri de sayabiliriz : Bailey ve McCallien (1953), Borchert (1960, 1961), Brunn (1954, 1960), Dubertret (1955), Helke (1961, 1962), Hiessleitner (1951, 1952, 1957), v. d. Kaaden (1959, 1960), Kündig (1956), Milovanovic ve Karamata (1960), Ovchinikov ve Harris (1960), Peive (1960), Petrascheck (1957), de Roever (1957, 1961), Ross, Förster ve Meyers (1954), Rost (1959, 1961), Stoll (1957), Schmidt (1954), Thayer (1960 o, b), de Wijkerslooth (1954).

Kaynakça

  • BAILEY, E.B. & McCALLIEN, W.J. (1953) : Serpentine lavaş, the Ankara Melange and the Anatolian thrust. Trans. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh, 62/2.
  • BALK, R. (1937) : Structural behaviour of igneous rocks. Geol. Soc. Amer., Mem. 15, p. 10.
  • BARUTOĞLU, Ö.H. (1960) : The Eskişehir chrome region with special reference to the Sazak Mine, Turkey. Symposium on Chrome Ore—CENTO, s. 137-156, Ankara.
  • BATEMAN, A.M. (1951) : Economic mineral deposits. 2. Ed., Nevv York.
  • BATTEY, M.H. (1960) : Observations of the peridotites and pyroxenites of the Jotunheim complex in Norvvay. Intern. Geol. Congr., part XIII, Copenhagen, s. 198-207.
  • BEDERKE, E. (1957) : Zur Geologie und Geophysik der Tiefen. Geol. Rundschau, 46, s. 229-245.
  • BEMMELEN, R.W.v. (1960) : Nevv views on east-alpine orogenesis. Intern. Geol. Congr., XXI. Session Norden, part XVIII, s. 99-116.
  • (1960) : Zur Mechanik der ostalpinen Deckenbildung. Geol. Rundschau, Bd. 50, s. 474-499.
  • (1961) : The Scientific character of Geology. Journ, of Geol., vol. 64, no. 4, s. 453-463.
  • BORCHERT, H. (1957) : Deri initiale Magmatismus und die dazugehörigen Lagerstaetten. N. Jb. Miner. Abh. 91, Festband Schneiderhöhn, s. 541-572.
  • (1960) : Erfahrungen an türkischen Chromerzlagerstaetten. Symposium on Chrome Ore—CENTO, pp. 92-108, Ankara.
  • (1961) : Zusammenhaenge zvvischen Lagerstaettenbildung, Magmatismus und Geotektonik. Geol. Rundschau, Bd. 50, s. 131-165.
  • BOWEN, N.L. & SCHAIRER, O.F. (1933) : Intern. Geol. Congress, Washington, 1936.
  • BOWEN, W.N. & TUTTLE, O.F. (1949) : The system MgO-SiO2 -H2O. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 1949, vol. 60, s. 439-460.
  • BRUNN, J.H. (1954) : Les eruptions ophiolitiques dans le NW de la Grece, leurs relations avec l'orogenese. Intern. Geol. Congr. Alger. Sect. XV, vol. XVII, s. 19-27.
  • (1957) : Contribution â l'etude geol. du Pinde Septentrional. Ann. Pap. Hellen, tome VII, Athen.
  • (1960) : Mise en place et differentiation de l'association pluto-volcanique du cortege ophiolitique. Revue de Geogr. Phys. et de Giol. Dynam., vol. III, s. 115-132.
  • CHUDOBA, K. F. & FRECHEN, J. (1950) : Über die plastische Verformung von Olivin. JV. Jb. Miner. Abh. Bd. 81, H. 2, s. 183-200.
  • DEVRIES, R.C. & ROY, R. (1958) : The influence of ionic substitution on the stability of micas and chlorites. Econ. Geol., 53, s. 965.
  • DONATH, M. (1962) : Die, metallischen Rohstoffe. Chrom, 4. Bd.
  • DUBERTRET, L. (1955) : Geologie des roches vertes du Nord-Ouest de la Syrie et du Hatay (Turquie). Notes et Mim. sur le Moyen Orient. Mus. Nat. d'Hist. Naturelle. Paris, vol. 6, s. 5-224.
  • EITEL, Wilhelm (1954) : The physical chemistry of silicates. Univ. Chicago Press.
  • FLİNT, D.E. ; ALBEAR, J.F. & GUİLD, Ph.W. (1948) : Geology and Chromite deposits of the Camagüey district. Camagüey Cuba. U.S. Dept. of Int. Geol. Survey, Bull. 954, B.
  • FÖRSTER, LF. & GRAFENAUER, S. (1959) : Diskussion zur Arbeit von Krause. JV. Jb. Miner. Abh. 92, s. 171-183.
  • HALL, A.L. (1932) : The Bushveld igneous complex of the Central Transvaal. Geol. Surv. South Africa, Mem. 28.
  • HELKE, A. (1961) : Die Metallogenie der türkischen Chromerzlagerstaetten insbesondere der osttürk. Chromitprovinz. Fortschr. Miner. 39, s. 134-137
  • (1961) : Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Chromerzlagerstaetten des Soridağ in der Türkei. JV. Jb. Miner. Abh., s. 48-78.
  • (1962) : The metallogeny of the chromite deposits of the Guleman district, Turkey. Econ. Geol., vol. 57, s. 954-962.
  • HENCKMANN, W. (1942) : Die Chromerze des nahen Ostens. Ztschr, prakt. Geol. 50.
  • HESS, H.H. (1938b) : A primary peridotite magma. Am. Journ. Sc., 5th ser., vol. 35, no. 209, s. 321-344.
  • (1939) : Island arcs, gravity anomalies and Serpentine intrusions, a contribution to the opbiolitic problem. 17th Intern. Geol. Congr. Moscou), vol. 2, s. 263-283.
  • (1955) : Serpentines, orogeny and epirogeny in Poldervaart, Arie. The crust of the Earth. Geol. Soc. Am. Spec., Paper 62, s. 391-407.
  • (1955) : Serpentine, orogeny and epirogeny, Symposium. The crust of the Earth. Am. Geol. Soc. Baltimore.
  • (1959) : Stillwater igneous complex, a quantitative mineral study. Geol. Soc. Am. Mem.
  • HIESSLEITNER, G. (1951/52) : Serpentine und Chromerz-Geologie der Balkanhalbinsel und eines Teiles von Kleinasien. B. I, II.
  • (1957) : Beitrag zur Geologie von Cypern. Geol. Bundesanstalt, Wien. Jahrgg. 1957, Bd. 100, Heft 2, s. 239-255.
  • HUNTER, Ch.E.; MURDOCK, Th.G, & McCARTHY, G.R. (1942) : Chromite deposits of North-Carolina. N. Carolina Dep. of Conservation and Development Division of Mineral Resources, Bull. 42.
  • INGERSON, E. (1955) : Methods and problems of geologie thermometry. Econ. Geol., 26, s. 625-629.
  • INGHAM, F.T. (1960) : Lexique stratigraphique international, vol. II, Asie-Cyprus.
  • JACKSON, E.D. (1961) : Primary textures and mineral associations in the ultramafic zone of the Stilhvater complex—Montana. Geol. Surv. Profess. Paper 358, Washington U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1961.
  • KAADEN, G.v.d. & MÜLLER, G. (1953) : Gürleyik köy civan (SW Anadolu) krom madenlerinin kimyasal terkibi ve bunlann Balkan yarımadası kromitleri ile mukayesesi. Türk. Jeol. Kur. Bült., cilt IV, no. 2, s. 59-60, Ankara.
  • KAADEN, G.v.d. (1959) : Güneybatı Türkiye'de peridotit kitleleri içinde zuhur eden kromitlerin kompozisyonu ile tektonik-magmatik vaziyetleri arasındaki münasebet hakkında. M.T.A. Derg., no. 52, Ankara.
  • (1960) : On the geological-tectonic setting of the chromite province of Muğla (Turkey). Symposium on Chrome Ore—CENTO, s. 109-121, Ankara.
  • KHAIN, V.E. (1960) : Int. Geol. Congr. Report of the XXI. Session Norden Part XVIII, Proc. Sect. 18, s. 215-226.
  • KRAUSE, H. (1958) : Erzmikroskopische Untersuchungen an türkischen Chromiten. JV. Jb. Miner. Abh. 90, s. 305-306.
  • (1959) : Erwiderung auf den Diskussionsbeitrag von I.F. Förster and S. Grafenauer. «Diskussion zur Arbeit von Krause». Erzmikr. Unters, an türkischen Chromiten. N. Jb. Miner. Abh. 92, s. 314-324.
  • KÜNDIG, E. (1956) : The position in time and space of the ophiolites with relation to orogenic metamorphism. Geol. en Nijnbouw. 18/4, s. 106-114.
  • LIVERMOORE, J.S.; RYNEARSON, G.H.; SMITH, C.T. & WELLS, F.G. (1949) : Chromite deposits near Seiad and McGuffy creeks. Siskiyou County Califomia. U.S. Dep. of the interior. Geol. Surv. Bull. 948, B. 1949.
  • LOMBAARD, B.V. (1934) : On the differentiation and relationship of the rocks of the Bushveld complex. Geol. Soc. South Africa, Transv., vol. 37, s. 5-52.
  • LOVERING, T.S. (1955) : Temperature in and near intrusions. Econ. Geol., 50, The anniversary vol. Part I, s. 240-281.
  • MILOVANOVİC, B. & KARAMATA, St. (1960) : Über den Diapirismus serpentinischer Massen. Intern. Geol. Congr. Norden, XXI. Session, Part XVII, s. 409-417.
  • MOURATOV, M.V. (1960) : Tectonic structures of the alpine geosynclinal area in eastern Europe and Asia Minor and the history of their development. Intern. Geol. Congr. Rep. of the XXI, Session, Norden. Part XVIII, Proc. Sect. 18, s. 137-148.
  • NOBLE, J.A. & TAYLOR, H.P.Jr. (1960) : Correlation of the ultramafic complexes of Southeastern Alaska with those of other parts of North America and the world. Intern. Geol. Congr., Copenhagen, Part XVII, s. 176-197.
  • OVCHINIKOV, L.N. & HARRİS, M.A. (1960) : Absolute age of geol. formations of the Urals and pre-Urals. Intern. Geol. Congr., Report of the XXI. Session, Norden. Part III, Proc. Sect. 3.
  • PEIVE, A. (1960) : Fractures and their role in the structure and development on the earth's crust. Intern. Geol. Congr., Rep. of the XXI. Session, Norden. Part XVIII, s. 280-286.
  • PERRIN, P. ; ROUBAULT, M.; AVIAS, J. & BILJOU, S.V. (1955) : Colloques Internationaux (New Caledonia, Bushveld Complex, S. Africa), Nancy, 1955.
  • PETRASCHECK, W.E.Jr. (1957) : Die genetischen Typen der Chromerzlagerstaetten und ihre Aufsuchung. Zeitschr, f. Erzbergbau und Metallhüttenwesen, Bd X, s. 2-10.
  • (1959) : Intrusiver and extrusiver Peridotitmagmatismus im alpinotypen Bereich. Geol. Rundschau, Bd. 48, s. 205-217.
  • PHILIPS, F.C. (1938) : Geol. Mag., 75.
  • RECHENBERG, H.P. (1960) : The chrome or deposit of Kavak, Eskişehir, Turkey. Symposium on Chrome Ore—CENTO, s. 146-1 6, Ankara.
  • RÖSSLER, H.J. (1960) : Bemerkungen zur Genese von Geosynklinalmagmatiten. Intern. Geol. Congr. Copenhagen, part XIII, s. 96-108.
  • ROEVER, W.P. de (1960) : Beitraege der Petrographie zur Kenntnis zur tieferen Teile der Erde. Verh. Geol. Bundesanstalt, 1960, 1. s. 23-31.
  • ROEVER, W. P. de (1957) : Sind die alpinotypen Peridotitmassen vielleicht tektonisch verfrachtete Bruchstücke der Peridotitschale? Geol. Rundschau, Bd. 46, Heft l, s. 137-146.
  • (1961) : Mantelgesteine und Magmen tiefer Herkunft. Fortschr. Miner. 39, l, s. 96-107,
  • ROMIEUX, J. (1941) : Etibank raporu (neşredilmemiş), Ankara.
  • ROSS, C.S.; FÖRSTER, M.D. & MEYERS, A.T. (1954) : Origin of dunites in basaltic rocks. Am. Min., vol 39, s. 693-737.
  • ROST, F. (1959) : Probleme ultrabasischer Gesteine und ihrer Lagerstaetten. Freiberger Forschungs Heft C, 59, s. 28-64.
  • — (1961) : Die Talklagerstaetten der Münchberger Gneismasse Fichtelgebirge. V.F.M.G. 8, s. 128-143.
  • (1961) : Chlorit und Granat in ultrabasischen Gesteinen Fortschr. Miner. 39, l, 1961, s. 112-126.
  • SAMPSON, E. (1942) : Chromite deposits in W.A. Nevvhouse. Ore deposits as related to structural feature. Princeton, 1942.
  • SCHMIDT, W J. (1954) : Geologie und Erzführung der Chromitkonzession Başören (Anatolien). Österr. Akad. d. Wiss. Maht. Natunv. Kl. Abt. I, 163, Bd. 9, s. 622-644.
  • (1954) : Chromitvorkommen in Zentralanatolien. Montan. Rundschau, 10, s. 258-261.
  • (1954) : Gesetzmaessigkeiten zentralanatolischer Chromitvorkommen, Zeitsch, d. Deutsch Geol. Ges. 106, s. 497-504.
  • (1956) : Bau und Entstehung zentralanatolischer Chromitvorkommen. Berg- und Hüttenmaennische Monatshefte, Jg. 101, 2, s. 36-38.
  • SMITH, C.H. (1958) : Bay of Islands igneous complex, western Newfoundland, Canada Geol. Surv. Mem., 290, s. 132.
  • STOLL, W.G. (1958) : Geology and Petrology of the Masinloc chromite deposit Zambales, Luzon, Philippine Islands. Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 69, s. 419-448.
  • THAYER, T.P. (1942) : Chrome resources of Cuba. Geol. Surv. Bull., 935 A.
  • (1946) : Preliminary chemical Correlation of chromite with the containing rocks. Econ. Geol., vol. XLI, s. 202-217.
  • (1960) : Some critical differences between Alpine type and stratiform peridotite-gabbro complexes. Intern. Geol. Congr., Norden. Part XIII, s. 247-259, Copenhagen.
  • (1960) : Application of geology in chromite exploration and mining, Symposiumon Chrome Ore— CENTO, s. 197-223, Ankara.
  • TOLUN, N. (1954) : M.T.A. raporu (neşredilmemiş), Ankara.
  • WAGER, L.R. & DEER, W.A. (1939) : Geological investigations in East Greenland 3. The petrology of the Skaergaard intrusion. Kangerdluggsuaq. East Greenland. Meddel, om Grönland, vol. 105, no. 4, s. 1-352.
  • & MITCHELL, R.L. (1951) : The distribution of trace elements during Strong fractionation of basic magma, a further study of the Skaergaard intrusion. East Greenland. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, V. l, s. 129-208.
  • WEINHEIMER, P. & ROST, P. (1961) : Akzessorische Mineralien und Elemente im Serpentinit von Leopoldsgrün (Münchener Gneismasse). Beitrag z. Geochemie ultrabasischer Gesteine Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 21, s. 165-181.
  • VVİLKİNSON. J.F.C. (1953) : Geol Mag. 90, 153.
  • WIJKERSLOOTH, P. de (1942) : Hatay kromit yataklarında pnömatolitik-idrotermal istihaleler. M.T.A. Mecm., no. 3/28, Ankara.
  • WIJKERSLOOTH, P. de (1942) : Türk krom cevherlerindeki istihaleler. M.T.A. Mecm., no. 2/27, Ankara.
  • (1943) : Anadolu krom cevherleri üzerinde mikroskopik tetkikler. M.T.A. Mecm., no. 2/30, Ankara.
  • (1947) : The chromite deposits of the Guleman concession. Kon. Ned. Akad. v. Wetensch. Proceedings, vol. L, no. 2.
  • (1954) : Einiges über die Entstehung von Chromitkonzentrationen und Chromerzlagerstaetten an Hand von neuen Beobachtungen in Anatolien. N. Jb. Miner. Abh. 9, s. 190-200.
  • ZENGiN, Y. (1960) : The distribution of chromite reserves in successive layers and scattered lenses. Symposium on Chrome Ore—CENTO, s. 122-129, Ankara.
Toplam 91 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Mühendislik
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

G. Van Der Kaaden Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Şubat 1963
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 1963 Cilt: 61 Sayı: 61

Kaynak Göster

APA Kaaden, G. V. D. (1963). ALPİN TİPİ ULTRABAZİK KAYAÇLARIN KÖKENi VE BUNLARIN KROMİT PROSPEKSİYONU İLE OLAN İLGİSİ HAKKINDA ÇEŞiTLi GÖRÜŞLER. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration, 61(61), 46-61.
AMA Kaaden GVD. ALPİN TİPİ ULTRABAZİK KAYAÇLARIN KÖKENi VE BUNLARIN KROMİT PROSPEKSİYONU İLE OLAN İLGİSİ HAKKINDA ÇEŞiTLi GÖRÜŞLER. Bull.Min.Res.Exp. Şubat 1963;61(61):46-61.
Chicago Kaaden, G. Van Der. “ALPİN TİPİ ULTRABAZİK KAYAÇLARIN KÖKENi VE BUNLARIN KROMİT PROSPEKSİYONU İLE OLAN İLGİSİ HAKKINDA ÇEŞiTLi GÖRÜŞLER”. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration 61, sy. 61 (Şubat 1963): 46-61.
EndNote Kaaden GVD (01 Şubat 1963) ALPİN TİPİ ULTRABAZİK KAYAÇLARIN KÖKENi VE BUNLARIN KROMİT PROSPEKSİYONU İLE OLAN İLGİSİ HAKKINDA ÇEŞiTLi GÖRÜŞLER. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration 61 61 46–61.
IEEE G. V. D. Kaaden, “ALPİN TİPİ ULTRABAZİK KAYAÇLARIN KÖKENi VE BUNLARIN KROMİT PROSPEKSİYONU İLE OLAN İLGİSİ HAKKINDA ÇEŞiTLi GÖRÜŞLER”, Bull.Min.Res.Exp., c. 61, sy. 61, ss. 46–61, 1963.
ISNAD Kaaden, G. Van Der. “ALPİN TİPİ ULTRABAZİK KAYAÇLARIN KÖKENi VE BUNLARIN KROMİT PROSPEKSİYONU İLE OLAN İLGİSİ HAKKINDA ÇEŞiTLi GÖRÜŞLER”. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration 61/61 (Şubat 1963), 46-61.
JAMA Kaaden GVD. ALPİN TİPİ ULTRABAZİK KAYAÇLARIN KÖKENi VE BUNLARIN KROMİT PROSPEKSİYONU İLE OLAN İLGİSİ HAKKINDA ÇEŞiTLi GÖRÜŞLER. Bull.Min.Res.Exp. 1963;61:46–61.
MLA Kaaden, G. Van Der. “ALPİN TİPİ ULTRABAZİK KAYAÇLARIN KÖKENi VE BUNLARIN KROMİT PROSPEKSİYONU İLE OLAN İLGİSİ HAKKINDA ÇEŞiTLi GÖRÜŞLER”. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration, c. 61, sy. 61, 1963, ss. 46-61.
Vancouver Kaaden GVD. ALPİN TİPİ ULTRABAZİK KAYAÇLARIN KÖKENi VE BUNLARIN KROMİT PROSPEKSİYONU İLE OLAN İLGİSİ HAKKINDA ÇEŞiTLi GÖRÜŞLER. Bull.Min.Res.Exp. 1963;61(61):46-61.

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