DİSİPLİNLER ARASI PERSPEKTİFTEN GİRİŞİMCİLİĞE BAKIŞ: İKTİSAT, PSİKOLOJİ VE SOSYOLOJİNİN GÖZÜNDEN GİRİŞİMCİLİK

Öz

Girişimcilik son dönem üzerinde durulan ve birçok disiplinin ilgi alanı içerisine dahil olan disiplinler üstü bir alandır. Her disiplin kendi bakış açısıyla girişimciliği değerlendirmekte olup girişimciliğe ilişkin tek bir tanımlama yapılamamaktadır. Hakim iktisat teorisinde girişimcilik sürecinden öte girişimcilik faaliyetlerinin sonuçlarına odaklanılmaktadır. Halbuki iktisat, psikoloji ve sosyoloji perspektiflerini içeren girişimcilik yaklaşımlarında; girişimciliği etkileyen iktisadi ve iktisadi olmayan faktörlerin birlikte değerlendirilmesi mümkün olmaktadır. İktisadi olmayan faktörlerin girişimciliğin temel belirleyicilerinden olmasına rağmen neo klasik modellerin hata terimleri kapsamına sığdırılmaya çalışılması, girişimciliği salt iktisadi bakış açısıyla değerlendirmenin eksikliğini ortaya koymaktadır. Buradan hareketle literatürde girişimciliği inter disipliner perspektiften değerlendiren çalışma sayısı hızla artmaktadır. Ancak girişimciliğe ilişkin literatür değerlendirmesi yapan çalışmalardan büyük kısmı yalnızca tek bir disiplin çerçevesinde konuyu ele almaktadır. Psikoloji, sosyoloji ve iktisadın girişimcilik yaklaşımına ilişkin literatür değerlendirmesine dayalı çalışmada, literatürdeki diğer birçok çalışmadan farklı olarak girişimcilik literatürü bütüncül perspektiften değerlendirilmiş olmaktadır. Buradan hareketle çalışmada öncelikle; genel çerçevede girişimcilik değerlendirmesi yapılmakta sonrasında literatürdeki çalışmalardan yola çıkılarak sırasıyla hakim iktisat teorisi, psikoloji ve sosyoloji disiplinlerinin girişimcilik yaklaşımları ele alınmaktadır. Bu yolla hem inter  disipliner girişimcilik çalışmaları için hareket noktası oluşturulmuş olmakta hem de literatürdeki eksiklik tamamlanmış olmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Girişimcilik,Kişilik Özellikleri,Sosyal Normlar

Kaynakça

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