Üzerindeki Etkisi: Teorik Bir İnceleme

Öz

The number of papers studying and debating about the role of women in management has been increasing lately. These researches have focused on analyzing performance by means of comparing start-up capital, financing structure and financial performance in companies run by men and women. Research in both the manufacturing and service sectors has shown that companies run by women start with less capital and receive less external financing than firms run by men. This situation has caused the financial performance of companies managed by women to decrease. Feminist theories are the starting point for the analysis of these works. The aim of this paper is to examine researches focusing on the effect of gender diversity on firms’ financial structure and financial performance run by women and men in the context of feminist theories. In this context, this study examined first tourism industry in respect to women employment. After that gender diversity impacting the firm’s financial performance is explained via liberal and social feminist theories. In the conclusion, it has been suggested that gender diversity, which has different characteristics and skills, is a way to utilize woman and man workers for the benefit of companies especially in tourism sector.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Gender diversity, Financing, Financial performance, Feminist theories, Tourism sector.

Cinsiyet Farklılığının Şirket Finansman Yapısı ve Finansal Performansı

Öz

Son yıllarda kadınların işletme yönetimindeki rolleri ile ilgili çalışmalar ve tartışmaların sayısının arttığı görülmektedir. Bu çalışmalar kadın ve erkekler tarafından yönetilen şirketlerin başlangıç sermayesi, finansman yapısı ve finansal performans kanalıyla performans üzerine odaklanmaktadırlar. Hem sanayi hem de hizmet sektörü üzerine yapılan araştırmalar kadınlar tarafından yönetilen şirketlerin erkekler tarafından yönetilen şirketlerden daha az başlangıç sermayesi ve daha az dışsal finansman kaynağı ile yönetildiğini göstermektedir. Bu durum kadınlar tarafından yönetilen şirketlerin finansal performansının düşmesine yol açmaktadır. Feminist teoriler bu konunun analiz edilmesinde başlangıç noktasıdır. Bu çalışmanın amacı cinsiyet farklılığının kadın ve erkekler tarafından yönetilen şirketlerin finansman yapısı ve finansal performansı üzerindeki etkilerini inceleyen çalışmaları feminist teoriler bağlamında değerlendirmektir. Bu bağlamda çalışmada öncelikle kadın istihdamı açısından turizm sektörü incelenmiştir. Daha sonra liberal ve sosyal feminizm teorileri irdelenerek, cinsiyet farklılığının şirket finansal performansına olan etkisi açıklanmıştır. Sonuç bölümünde ise özellikle turizm sektöründe cinsiyet farklılığının, farklı karakteristik özelliklere ve yeteneklere sahip, işletmeye yarar sağlayacak erkek ve kadın çalışanlardan faydalanmanın bir yolu olarak görülebileceği önerisinde bulunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Cinsiyet farklılığı, Finansman, Finansal performans, Feminist teoriler, Turizm sektörü.

Kaynakça

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