Araştırma Makalesi
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Evaluation Of The Effects Of Different Storage Times On Pharmacological Agents Of Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) (Safranal, Crocin and Crocetin) and Their Quality Characteristics

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2, 263 - 269, 30.06.2021
https://doi.org/10.34087/cbusbed.804112

Öz

Objective The main objective of this study is to determine how important pharmacological agents of saffron (safranal, crocin and crocetin) and its volatile components are affected at different storage times.
Material and Methods: The main purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of different storage periods on the quality of basic components of saffron including safranal, crocin and crocetin using GC-MS FID analysis, which are important pharmacological agents for determining the quality of saffron. In the second study, the same amounts of samples were analyzed by GC-MS/MS analysis with the same extraction method, and the volatile components of saffron stigma were determined and the evaluation of these components was evaluated in terms of fatty acid characteristics, bioactivity and quality properties.

Results: When the storage time of the stigma of the saffron plant increases, the amounts of safranal, crocin and Crocetin used as pharmacological agents decrease. During the storage period, safranal, 2,3-Dihydro-3,5-Dihydroxy-6-Methyl-4H-Pyran-4-One, Isopropylidenecyclopropyl Methyl Ketone, Ketoisophorone, Glycerol Palmitate and N-Propylacetamide amounts decrease with increasing the storage period.. the amounts of other volatile components varied with increased storage periods. When the amounts of essential fatty acid components are evaluated, the highest amount of fatty acids with 36.74% was found in the storage period of 44 months and the lowest amount was observed with 19.36% in 8 months storage. When the amounts of bioactive volatile components are evaluated, the highest amount of components with 49.17% was obtained for 8 months of storage and the lowest amount of components with 46.29% was observed for 44 months storage. , the highest amounts of total fatty acid and bioactive components with 83.03% was obtained in 44 months storage period.
Conclusion: The amount of pharmacological agents (safranal, crocin, Crocetin) decreases depending on the storage time. However, fatty acid and bioactive component ratios compensate for this.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Rameshrad, M, Razavi, B. M, Hosseinzadeh, H, Saffron and its derivatives, crocin, crocetin and safranal: a patent review. Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents, 2018, 28(2), 147-165.
  • 2. Hosseinzadeh, H, Nassiri‐Asl, M, Avicenna's (Ibn Sina) the canon of medicine and saffron (Crocus sativus): a review. Phytotherapy Research, 2013, 27(4), 475-483.
  • 3. Mollazadeh, H, Emami, S.A, Hosseinzadeh, H, Razi’s Al-Hawi and saffron (Crocus sativus): a review. Iranian journal of basic medical sciences, 2015, 18(12), 1153.
  • 4. Asil, H, Safran’ın (Crocus sativus L.) Tıbbi ve Farmakolojik Özellikleri, I. Uluslararası Mersin Sempozyumu, 2018, (2) 145-155.
  • 5. Rios, J, Recio, M, Giner, R, Manez, S, An update review of saffron and its active constituents. Phytother Res, 1996, 10(3):189–193.
  • 6. Melnyk, J.P, Wang, S, Marcone, M.F, Chemical and biological properties of the world’s most expensive spice: Saffron. Food Res Int, 2010, 43(8):1981–1989.
  • 7. Asil, H, Ayanoglu, F, The effects of different gibberellic acid doses and corm cutting methods on saffron (Crocus sativus L.) yield components in Turkey. Fresenıus Environmental Bulletin, 2018, 27(12 A). 9222-9229.
  • 8. Rikabad, M.M, Pourakbar, L, Moghaddam, S.S, Popović-Djordjević, J, Agrobiological, chemical and antioxidant properties of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) exposed to TiO2 nanoparticles and ultraviolet-B stress, Industrial Crops and Products, 2019, 137, 137-143.
  • 9. El Caid, M.B, Salaka, L, El Merzougui, S, Lachguer, K, Lagram, K, El Mousadik, A, Serghini, M.A, Multi-site evaluation of the productivity among saffron (Crocus sativus L.) for clonal selection purposes. Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 2020, 100248.
  • 10. Hosseinzadeh, H, Noraei, N.B, Anxiolytic and hypnotic effect of Crocus sativus aqueous extract and its constituents, crocin and safranal, in mice. Phytotherapy Research: An International Journal Devoted to Pharmacological and Toxicological Evaluation of Natural Product Derivatives, 2009, 23(6), 768-774.
  • 11. Hazman, Ö, Bozkurt, M.F, Anti-inflammatory and antioxidative activities of safranal in the reduction of renal dysfunction and damage that occur in diabetic nephropathy, Inflammation. 2015, 38(4), 1537-1545.
  • 12. Salem, A.A, Lotfy, M, Amin, A, Ghattas, M.A. Characterization of human serum albumin's interactions with safranal and crocin using multi-spectroscopic and molecular docking techniques. Biochemistry and biophysics reports, 2019, 20, 100670.
  • 13. Çinar, A.S,Önder, A, Anadolu'nun Kültürel Mirası: Crocus sativus L.(Safran). FABAD Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2019, 44(1), 79-88.
  • 14. Khorasany, A.R, Hosseinzadeh, H. Therapeutic effects of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) in digestive disorders: a review. Iranian journal of basic medical sciences, 2016, 19(5), 455.
  • 15. Samarghandian, S, Borji, A, Anticarcinogenic effect of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) and its ingredients. Pharmacognosy research, 2014, 6(2), 99.
  • 16. Mirhadi, E, Nassirli, H, Malaekeh-Nikouei, B, Safran bileşenlerinin (safranal, krosin ve krosetin ) nanopartikül bazlı formülasyonlarının terapötik etkileri üzerine güncellenmiş bir inceleme. J. Pharm. Investig, 2020, 50, 47–58.
  • 17. Wang, Y, Sun, J, Liu, C, Fang, C, Protective effects of crocetin pretreatment on myocardial injury in an ischemia/reperfusion rat model. European Journal of Pharmacology, 2014, 741, 290-296.
  • 18. Bhandari, P. R, Crocus sativus L.(saffron) for cancer chemoprevention: a mini review. Journal of traditional and complementary medicine, 2015, 5(2), 81-87.
  • 19. Maggi, L, Carmona, M, Zalacain, A, Kanakis, C.D, Anastasaki, E, Tarantilis, P.A, ... Alonso, G.L, Changes in saffron volatile profile according to its storage time. Food Research International, 2010, 43(5), 1329-1334.
  • 20. Mykhailenko, O, Desenko, V, Ivanauskas, L, Georgiyants, V, Standard operating procedure of Ukrainian Saffron Cultivation According with Good Agricultural and Collection Practices to assure quality and traceability. Industrial Crops and Products, 2020, 151, 112376.
  • 21. Trimigno, A, Marincola, F.C, Dellarosa, N, Picone, G, Laghi, L, Definition of food quality by NMR-based foodomics. Current Opinion in Food Science, 2015, 4, 99-104.
  • 22. Cardone, L, Castronuovo, D, Perniola, M, Cicco, N, Candido, V, Evaluation of corm origin and climatic conditions on saffron (Crocus sativus L.) yield and quality. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 2019, 99(13), 5858-5869.
  • 23. Verma. R.S, Middha. D, Analysis of saffron (Crocus sativus L. stigma) components by LC–MS–MS. Chromatographia, 2010, 71(1-2). 117-123.
  • 24. Göktürk, E, Asil, H, Hatay/Kırıkhan’da Yetiştirilen Safran (Crocus sativus L.) Stigmasının Ekstraktının GC-MS analizi. Türk Tarım ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi, 2018, 5(3). 317-321.
  • 25. D'Auria, M, Mauriello, G, Racioppi, R, Rana, G. L, Use of SPME-GC-MS in the study of time evolution of the constituents of saffron aroma: modifications of the composition during storage. Journal of chromatographic science, 2006, 44(1), 18-21.
  • 26. Carmona, M, Zalacain, A, Salinas, M.R, Alonso, G.L, A new approach to saffron aroma. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 2007, 47(2), 145-159.
  • 27. Raina, B.L, Agarwal, S.G, Bhatia, A.K, Gaur, G.S, Changes in Pigments and Volatiles of Saffron (Crocus sativusL) During Processing and Storage. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 1996, 71(1), 27-32.
  • 28. Rahimi, A, Rezaee, M.B, Jaimand, K, Ashtiany, A.N, The effects of storage and cultivation condition on crocin content of dried stigma in saffron (Crocus sativus L.). Pure and Applied Biology, 2013, 2(4), 122.
  • 29. Jalali-Heravi, M, Parastar, H, Ebrahimi-Najafabadi H, Characterization of volatile components of Iranian saffron using factorial-based response surface modelling of ultrasonic extraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis. J Chromatogr A, 2009, 1216:6088–6097.
  • 30. Anastasaki, E, Kanakis, C, Pappas, C, Maggi, L, Del Campo, C.P, Carmona, M, ... Polissiou, M.G, Differentiation of saffron from four countries by mid-infrared spectroscopy and multivariate analysis. European Food Research and Technology, 2010, 230(4), 571-577.
  • 31. Chichiriccò, G, Ferrante, C, Menghini, L, Recinella, L, Leone, S, Chiavaroli, A, ... Lanza, B, Crocus sativus by-products as sources of bioactive extracts: Pharmacological and toxicological focus on anthers. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 2019, 126, 7-14.
  • 32. Chen, D, Xing, B, Yi, H, Li, Y, Zheng, B, Wang, Y, Shao, Q, Effects of different drying methods on appearance, microstructure, bioactive compounds and aroma compounds of saffron (Crocus sativus L.). LWT, 2020, 120, 108913.
  • 33. Amanpour, A, Sonmezdag, A.S, Kelebek, H, Selli, S, GC–MS–olfactometric characterization of the most aroma-active components in a representative aromatic extract from Iranian saffron (Crocus sativus L.). Food chemistry, 2015, 182, 251-256.

Farklı Depolama Sürelerinin Safranın (Crocus sativus L.) Farmakolojik Ajanlarına (Safranal, Crocin ve Crocetin) Etkisi ve Kalite Özellikleri Bakımından Değerlendirilmesi

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2, 263 - 269, 30.06.2021
https://doi.org/10.34087/cbusbed.804112

Öz

Giriş ve Amaç: Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, safranın önemli farmakolojik ajanları (safranal, krosin ve krosetin) ve uçucu bileşenlerinin farklı depolama sürelerinde nasıl etkilendiğini belirlemektir.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışmanın birinci aşamasında GC-MS/FID analizi ile safranın kalite kriterlerini belirlemede kullanılan önemli farmakolojik ajanlar olan safranal, crocin ve crocetin gibi temel bileşenlerin farklı depolama sürelerinin kalite üzerine etkileri araştırılmıştır. İkinci aşamada ise GC-MS/MS analizi ile stigma üzerindeki uçucu bileşenler belirlenmiş ve bu uçucu bileşenlerin karşılıklı değerlendirilmesi yapılarak, yağ asidi ve biyoaktivite özelliğine sahip uçucu bileşenlere etkileri değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Safran bitkisinin stigmasının depolanma süresi uzadıkça farmakolojik ajan olarak kullanılan safranal, crocin ve Crocetin miktarları azalmaktadır. Farklı depolama sürelerinde safranal, 2,3-Dihydro-3,5-Dihydroxy-6-Methyl-4h-Pyran-4-One, Isopropylidenecyclopropyl methyl ketone, Ketoisophorone, Glycerol Palmitate ve N-Propylacetamide oranlarının depolama süreleri uzadıkça azaldıkları görülmüştür. Bunlar haricindeki diğer uçucu bileşenlerin çoğunun miktarlarında dalgalanmalar gözükmektedir. Uçucu yağ asidi bileşenlerinin oranları değerlendirildiğinde en yüksek %36.74 oranında 44 ay depolama süresinde ve en düşük %19.36 ile 8 ay depolama süresinde gerçekleşmiştir. Biyoaktif özelliğe sahip uçucu bileşen oranları değerlendirildiğinde en yüksek %49.17 ile 8 ay depolama süresinde ve en düşük ise %46.29 ile 44 ay depolama süresinde biyoaktif bileşen oranının gerçekleştiği görülmüştür. Hem yağ asidi hem de biyoaktif bileşenlere bakıldığında en yüksek oran 44 ay depolama süresinde %83.03 ile gerçekleşmiştir.
Sonuç: Depolanma süresine bağlı olarak farmakolojik ajanlarının (safranal, crocin, Crocetin) miktarları azalmaktadır. Ancak yağ asidi ve biyoaktif bileşen oranları bunu telafi etmektedir.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Rameshrad, M, Razavi, B. M, Hosseinzadeh, H, Saffron and its derivatives, crocin, crocetin and safranal: a patent review. Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents, 2018, 28(2), 147-165.
  • 2. Hosseinzadeh, H, Nassiri‐Asl, M, Avicenna's (Ibn Sina) the canon of medicine and saffron (Crocus sativus): a review. Phytotherapy Research, 2013, 27(4), 475-483.
  • 3. Mollazadeh, H, Emami, S.A, Hosseinzadeh, H, Razi’s Al-Hawi and saffron (Crocus sativus): a review. Iranian journal of basic medical sciences, 2015, 18(12), 1153.
  • 4. Asil, H, Safran’ın (Crocus sativus L.) Tıbbi ve Farmakolojik Özellikleri, I. Uluslararası Mersin Sempozyumu, 2018, (2) 145-155.
  • 5. Rios, J, Recio, M, Giner, R, Manez, S, An update review of saffron and its active constituents. Phytother Res, 1996, 10(3):189–193.
  • 6. Melnyk, J.P, Wang, S, Marcone, M.F, Chemical and biological properties of the world’s most expensive spice: Saffron. Food Res Int, 2010, 43(8):1981–1989.
  • 7. Asil, H, Ayanoglu, F, The effects of different gibberellic acid doses and corm cutting methods on saffron (Crocus sativus L.) yield components in Turkey. Fresenıus Environmental Bulletin, 2018, 27(12 A). 9222-9229.
  • 8. Rikabad, M.M, Pourakbar, L, Moghaddam, S.S, Popović-Djordjević, J, Agrobiological, chemical and antioxidant properties of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) exposed to TiO2 nanoparticles and ultraviolet-B stress, Industrial Crops and Products, 2019, 137, 137-143.
  • 9. El Caid, M.B, Salaka, L, El Merzougui, S, Lachguer, K, Lagram, K, El Mousadik, A, Serghini, M.A, Multi-site evaluation of the productivity among saffron (Crocus sativus L.) for clonal selection purposes. Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 2020, 100248.
  • 10. Hosseinzadeh, H, Noraei, N.B, Anxiolytic and hypnotic effect of Crocus sativus aqueous extract and its constituents, crocin and safranal, in mice. Phytotherapy Research: An International Journal Devoted to Pharmacological and Toxicological Evaluation of Natural Product Derivatives, 2009, 23(6), 768-774.
  • 11. Hazman, Ö, Bozkurt, M.F, Anti-inflammatory and antioxidative activities of safranal in the reduction of renal dysfunction and damage that occur in diabetic nephropathy, Inflammation. 2015, 38(4), 1537-1545.
  • 12. Salem, A.A, Lotfy, M, Amin, A, Ghattas, M.A. Characterization of human serum albumin's interactions with safranal and crocin using multi-spectroscopic and molecular docking techniques. Biochemistry and biophysics reports, 2019, 20, 100670.
  • 13. Çinar, A.S,Önder, A, Anadolu'nun Kültürel Mirası: Crocus sativus L.(Safran). FABAD Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2019, 44(1), 79-88.
  • 14. Khorasany, A.R, Hosseinzadeh, H. Therapeutic effects of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) in digestive disorders: a review. Iranian journal of basic medical sciences, 2016, 19(5), 455.
  • 15. Samarghandian, S, Borji, A, Anticarcinogenic effect of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) and its ingredients. Pharmacognosy research, 2014, 6(2), 99.
  • 16. Mirhadi, E, Nassirli, H, Malaekeh-Nikouei, B, Safran bileşenlerinin (safranal, krosin ve krosetin ) nanopartikül bazlı formülasyonlarının terapötik etkileri üzerine güncellenmiş bir inceleme. J. Pharm. Investig, 2020, 50, 47–58.
  • 17. Wang, Y, Sun, J, Liu, C, Fang, C, Protective effects of crocetin pretreatment on myocardial injury in an ischemia/reperfusion rat model. European Journal of Pharmacology, 2014, 741, 290-296.
  • 18. Bhandari, P. R, Crocus sativus L.(saffron) for cancer chemoprevention: a mini review. Journal of traditional and complementary medicine, 2015, 5(2), 81-87.
  • 19. Maggi, L, Carmona, M, Zalacain, A, Kanakis, C.D, Anastasaki, E, Tarantilis, P.A, ... Alonso, G.L, Changes in saffron volatile profile according to its storage time. Food Research International, 2010, 43(5), 1329-1334.
  • 20. Mykhailenko, O, Desenko, V, Ivanauskas, L, Georgiyants, V, Standard operating procedure of Ukrainian Saffron Cultivation According with Good Agricultural and Collection Practices to assure quality and traceability. Industrial Crops and Products, 2020, 151, 112376.
  • 21. Trimigno, A, Marincola, F.C, Dellarosa, N, Picone, G, Laghi, L, Definition of food quality by NMR-based foodomics. Current Opinion in Food Science, 2015, 4, 99-104.
  • 22. Cardone, L, Castronuovo, D, Perniola, M, Cicco, N, Candido, V, Evaluation of corm origin and climatic conditions on saffron (Crocus sativus L.) yield and quality. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 2019, 99(13), 5858-5869.
  • 23. Verma. R.S, Middha. D, Analysis of saffron (Crocus sativus L. stigma) components by LC–MS–MS. Chromatographia, 2010, 71(1-2). 117-123.
  • 24. Göktürk, E, Asil, H, Hatay/Kırıkhan’da Yetiştirilen Safran (Crocus sativus L.) Stigmasının Ekstraktının GC-MS analizi. Türk Tarım ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi, 2018, 5(3). 317-321.
  • 25. D'Auria, M, Mauriello, G, Racioppi, R, Rana, G. L, Use of SPME-GC-MS in the study of time evolution of the constituents of saffron aroma: modifications of the composition during storage. Journal of chromatographic science, 2006, 44(1), 18-21.
  • 26. Carmona, M, Zalacain, A, Salinas, M.R, Alonso, G.L, A new approach to saffron aroma. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 2007, 47(2), 145-159.
  • 27. Raina, B.L, Agarwal, S.G, Bhatia, A.K, Gaur, G.S, Changes in Pigments and Volatiles of Saffron (Crocus sativusL) During Processing and Storage. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 1996, 71(1), 27-32.
  • 28. Rahimi, A, Rezaee, M.B, Jaimand, K, Ashtiany, A.N, The effects of storage and cultivation condition on crocin content of dried stigma in saffron (Crocus sativus L.). Pure and Applied Biology, 2013, 2(4), 122.
  • 29. Jalali-Heravi, M, Parastar, H, Ebrahimi-Najafabadi H, Characterization of volatile components of Iranian saffron using factorial-based response surface modelling of ultrasonic extraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis. J Chromatogr A, 2009, 1216:6088–6097.
  • 30. Anastasaki, E, Kanakis, C, Pappas, C, Maggi, L, Del Campo, C.P, Carmona, M, ... Polissiou, M.G, Differentiation of saffron from four countries by mid-infrared spectroscopy and multivariate analysis. European Food Research and Technology, 2010, 230(4), 571-577.
  • 31. Chichiriccò, G, Ferrante, C, Menghini, L, Recinella, L, Leone, S, Chiavaroli, A, ... Lanza, B, Crocus sativus by-products as sources of bioactive extracts: Pharmacological and toxicological focus on anthers. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 2019, 126, 7-14.
  • 32. Chen, D, Xing, B, Yi, H, Li, Y, Zheng, B, Wang, Y, Shao, Q, Effects of different drying methods on appearance, microstructure, bioactive compounds and aroma compounds of saffron (Crocus sativus L.). LWT, 2020, 120, 108913.
  • 33. Amanpour, A, Sonmezdag, A.S, Kelebek, H, Selli, S, GC–MS–olfactometric characterization of the most aroma-active components in a representative aromatic extract from Iranian saffron (Crocus sativus L.). Food chemistry, 2015, 182, 251-256.
Toplam 33 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Klinik Tıp Bilimleri
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Hasan Asil 0000-0002-3690-1789

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Asil, H. (2021). Farklı Depolama Sürelerinin Safranın (Crocus sativus L.) Farmakolojik Ajanlarına (Safranal, Crocin ve Crocetin) Etkisi ve Kalite Özellikleri Bakımından Değerlendirilmesi. Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 8(2), 263-269. https://doi.org/10.34087/cbusbed.804112
AMA Asil H. Farklı Depolama Sürelerinin Safranın (Crocus sativus L.) Farmakolojik Ajanlarına (Safranal, Crocin ve Crocetin) Etkisi ve Kalite Özellikleri Bakımından Değerlendirilmesi. CBU-SBED. Haziran 2021;8(2):263-269. doi:10.34087/cbusbed.804112
Chicago Asil, Hasan. “Farklı Depolama Sürelerinin Safranın (Crocus Sativus L.) Farmakolojik Ajanlarına (Safranal, Crocin Ve Crocetin) Etkisi Ve Kalite Özellikleri Bakımından Değerlendirilmesi”. Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 8, sy. 2 (Haziran 2021): 263-69. https://doi.org/10.34087/cbusbed.804112.
EndNote Asil H (01 Haziran 2021) Farklı Depolama Sürelerinin Safranın (Crocus sativus L.) Farmakolojik Ajanlarına (Safranal, Crocin ve Crocetin) Etkisi ve Kalite Özellikleri Bakımından Değerlendirilmesi. Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 8 2 263–269.
IEEE H. Asil, “Farklı Depolama Sürelerinin Safranın (Crocus sativus L.) Farmakolojik Ajanlarına (Safranal, Crocin ve Crocetin) Etkisi ve Kalite Özellikleri Bakımından Değerlendirilmesi”, CBU-SBED, c. 8, sy. 2, ss. 263–269, 2021, doi: 10.34087/cbusbed.804112.
ISNAD Asil, Hasan. “Farklı Depolama Sürelerinin Safranın (Crocus Sativus L.) Farmakolojik Ajanlarına (Safranal, Crocin Ve Crocetin) Etkisi Ve Kalite Özellikleri Bakımından Değerlendirilmesi”. Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 8/2 (Haziran 2021), 263-269. https://doi.org/10.34087/cbusbed.804112.
JAMA Asil H. Farklı Depolama Sürelerinin Safranın (Crocus sativus L.) Farmakolojik Ajanlarına (Safranal, Crocin ve Crocetin) Etkisi ve Kalite Özellikleri Bakımından Değerlendirilmesi. CBU-SBED. 2021;8:263–269.
MLA Asil, Hasan. “Farklı Depolama Sürelerinin Safranın (Crocus Sativus L.) Farmakolojik Ajanlarına (Safranal, Crocin Ve Crocetin) Etkisi Ve Kalite Özellikleri Bakımından Değerlendirilmesi”. Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, c. 8, sy. 2, 2021, ss. 263-9, doi:10.34087/cbusbed.804112.
Vancouver Asil H. Farklı Depolama Sürelerinin Safranın (Crocus sativus L.) Farmakolojik Ajanlarına (Safranal, Crocin ve Crocetin) Etkisi ve Kalite Özellikleri Bakımından Değerlendirilmesi. CBU-SBED. 2021;8(2):263-9.