A Rare Ring Stone Depicting a Satyr Play

Öz

This study presents an intaglio from the Gaye Çarmıklı Collection, registered as a movable cultural property in the collection of the Ankara Ethnography Museum. The artifact consists of an iron ring set with a carnelian stone, depicting a scene that may derive from a satyr play or theatrical performance. The composition features five primary figures, including several Satyrs, some of whom are depicted with horns and carrying a lagobolon/pedum, together with a seated figure who may represent the playwright or a poet. On the far left, a bearded herm of Dionysus serves both as a decorative element and as a symbolic reference to the theater. Engraved gemstones depicting theatrical performances are exceptionally rare in the corpus of ancient glyptics. Typically, such intaglios depict a moment of rehearsal, indicated by masks held above the actors’ heads rather than worn on their faces. The Çarmıklı specimen is distinctive in that the figures are not depicted with masks; instead, the figures appear to be represented directly as Satyrs. In this regard, the ring stone exhibits distinctive iconographic features. This detailed examination of the intaglio aims to make a significant contribution to the iconography of Anatolian gemstones and the visual history of the performing arts.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ancient Jewellery
• Gem
• Ring Stone
• Intaglio
• Theater
• Satyr

Satyr Oyunu Betimli Nadir Bir Yüzük Taşı

Öz

Bu çalışmada, Ankara Etnografya Müzesi bünyesinde taşınır kültür varlığı olarak kayıtlı Gaye Çarmıklı Koleksiyonu’na ait bir intaglio yüzük taşı ele alınmaktadır. Eser, karnelyan taşlı bir demir yüzük olup, yüzük taşı üzerinde bir satyr oyunu veya tiyatro gösterisinden bir sahne tasvir edilmiştir. Kompozisyonda, bazıları boynuzlu ve lagobolon/pedum taşıyan Satyrler ile oyunun yazarı ya da şairi olduğu düşünülen oturur durumdaki bir figürün de aralarında bulunduğu beş ana figür yer almaktadır. Tasvirin en solunda yer alan sakallı Dionysos hermesi, hem dekoratif bir unsur hem de tiyatroya sembolik bir gönderme olarak işlev görmektedir. Tiyatro oyunlarını konu edinen oyma taşlar antik gliptik repertuarında son derece nadir görülmektedir. Genellikle bu tür intagliolarda, oyuncuların maskeleri yüzlerinde takılı olarak değil, başlarının üzerinde tutulmuş şekilde betimlenmesi, prova anının tasvir edildiğine işaret etmektedir. Çarmıklı örneği ise figürlerin maskeli olarak betimlenmemesiyle ayrılmakta; bunun yerine sahnenin karakterleri doğrudan Satyrler olarak betimlediği anlaşılmaktadır. Bu bakımdan, yüzük taşı kendine özgü ikonografik özellikler sergilemektedir. Bu ayrıntılı intaglio incelemesi, Anadolu gemma ikonografisine ve sahne sanatlarının görsel tarihine önemli bir katkı sağlamayı amaçlamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Antik Takı
• Gemma
• Yüzük Taşı
• Intaglio
• Tiyatro
• Satyr

Kaynakça

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