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TARSUS-GÖZLÜKULE HÖYÜK: THE CONTINUITY OF LATE BRONZE AGE IIB CERAMIC FINDS

Yıl 2016, , 1 - 9, 01.06.2016
https://doi.org/10.13113/CEDRUS/201601

Öz

The period extending from the end of the Bronze to the Iron Age is one of the most discussed in the East Mediterranean, marked by the collapse of re­gional powers, a shift from urban and centralized or­gan­i­za­tion to a more rural one, migrations, and an over­all heterogeneity in material culture. However, in the last three decades many new excavations in the region and the re-evaluation of past excavations has confirmed that the narrative of this period is more nuanced. This article investigates the local pottery tradi­tion of Tarsus-Gözlükule in the Cilician Plain during the Late Bronze Age IIb Period. This settlement is at an important cross-roads linking the Syro-Anato­lian world with Central Anatolia and to maritime trade routes opening into the Mediterranean. Both continui­ties and divergences from the earlier Late Bronze Age pottery traditions of this settlement are studied, with the aim of understanding the reconfigura­tions of various networks during this period, tumultu­ous for the entire eastern Mediterra­nean region. The results indicate that this is a period of both instability and continuity eventu­ally taking the different regions in their distinc­tive trajectories, each determined by a wide variety of var­ia­bles, the combina­tion of these variables being specific to each region.

Kaynakça

  • Gates 2001 M.-H. Gates, “Potmarks at Kinet Hoyuk and the Hittite Ceramic Industry”. Eds. E. Jean, A. M. Dinçol – S. Durugönül, La Cilicie: Espaces et Pouvoirs Locaux (2e millenaire av. J.−C.−4e siecle ap. J.−C.). İstanbul (2001) 137-157.
  • Gates 2010 M.-H. Gates, “Potters and Consumers in Cilicia and the Amuq during the ‘Age of Transformations’ (13th-10th centuries BC.)”. Ed. F. Venturi, Societies in Transition. Evolutionary Processes in the Northern Levant between Late Bronze Age II and Early Iron Age. Papers Presented on the Occasion of the 20th Anniversary of the New Excavations in Tell Afis, 15th November 2007. Bologna (2010) 65-81.
  • Gates forth. M.-H. Gates, “From Late Bronze to Iron Age on Syria’s Northwest Frontier: Cilicia and the Amuq”. Eds. S. Mazzoni – S. Soldi, Percorsi di Archeologia Siriana: Celebrando 20 anni di archeologia a Tell Afis. Pisa, 27–28 November 2006. Pisa forthcoming.
  • Genz 2003 H. Genz, “The Early Iron Age in Central Anatolia”. Eds. B. Fischer, H. Genz, E. Jean – K. Köroğlu, Identifying Changes: the Transition from Bronze to Iron Ages in Anatolia and its Neighbouring Regions. İstanbul (2003) 179- 191.
  • Goldman 1956 H. Goldman, Excavations at Gozlu Kule, Tarsus. From the Neolithic through the Bronze Age, vol. II. Princeton 1956.
  • Hansen – Postgate 2007 C. Hansen – N. Postgate, “Pottery from Level III - II”. Eds. N. Postgate – D. Thomas, Excavations at Kilise Tepe, 1994-98: From Bronze Age to Byzantine in Western Cilicia. London (2007) 329-370.
  • Horowitz forth. M. T. Horowitz, “The Evolution of Plain Ware Ceramics at the Regional Capital of Alalakh in the 2nd Millennium BC”. Ed. C. Glatz, Pots, Palaces and Politics: An International Workshop on the Evolution and Socio-Political Significance of Plain Ware Traditions in the 2nd millennium BC Near East and East Mediterranean. London forthcoming. Mountjoy 2005 P. A. Mountjoy, “The Mycenaean Pottery from the 1934-1939 Excavations at Tarsus”. Ed. A. Özyar, Field Seasons 2001-2003 of the TarsusGözlükule Interdisciplinary Research Project. İstanbul (2005) 83-134.
  • Mountjoy 2010 P. A. Mountjoy, “A Note on the Mixed Origins of Some Philistine Pottery”. Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 359 (2010) 1-12.
  • Müller-Karpe 1988 A. Müller-Karpe, Hethitische Töpferei der Oberstadt von Hattusha: ein Beitrag zur Kenntnis spät-grossreichszeitlicher Keramik und Töperferbetriebe unter Zugrundelegung der Grabungsergebnisse von 1978-82 in Boğazköy. Marburg - Lahn 1988.
  • Öner et al. 2005 E. Öner, B. Hocaoğlu – L. Uncu, “Paleogeographıcal Surveys Around the Mound of Gözlükule”. Ed. A. Özyar, Field Seasons 2001-2003 of the Tarsus-Gözlükule Interdisciplinary Research Project. İstanbul (2005) 69-82.
  • Özyar et al. 2012 A. Özyar, E. Ünlü, S. Karacic, Ç. Külekçioğlu – T. Pilavcı, “Tarsus-Gözlükule 2010 Yılı Kazısı”. Kazı Sonuçları Toplantısı XXXIII/2 (2012) 413-431.
  • Özyar et al. 2014 A. Özyar, E. Ünlü, T. Pilavcı, Ç. Külekçioğlu, S. Yalçın, S. Karacic, A. Güldüren – W. Bennett, “Tarsus-Gözlükule 2012 Yılı Kazısı”. Kazı Sonuçları Toplantısı XXXV/2 (2014) 170-181.
  • Parzinger – Sanz 1992 H. Parzinger – R. Sanz, Die Oberstadt von Hattusha. Hethitische Keramik aus dem zentralen Tempelviertel, Boğazköy-Hattusha 15. Berlin 1992.
  • Schoop 2003 U. Schoop “Pottery Traditions of the Later Hittite Empire: Problems of Definition”. Eds. B. Fischer, H. Genz, E. Jean – K. Köroğlu, Identifying Changes: the Transition from Bronze to Iron Ages in Anatolia and its Neighbouring Regions. İstanbul (2003) 167-178.
  • Sevin – Köroğlu 2004 V. Sevin – K. Köroğlu, “Late Bronze Age at Yumuktepe: New Evidence from Step-Trench South”. Eds. I. Caneva – V. Sevin, Mersin-Yumuktepe: A Reappraisal. Lecce (2004) 73-83.
  • Slane 1987 D. A. Slane, Middle and Late Bronze Age Architecture and Pottery in Gozlukule, Tarsus: A New Analysis. Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Bryn Mawr College. Bryn Mawr 1987.
  • Ünlü 2015 E. Ünlü, “Late Bronze – Early Iron Age Painted Pottery from the Northeast Mediterranean Settlements”. Eds. Ç. Maner, K. Kopanias – N. Stampolidis, NOSTOI: Indigenous Culture, Migration, and Integration in the Aegean Islands and Western Anatolia during the Late Bronze and Early Iron Age. İstanbul (2015) 481-493.
  • Ünlü 2016 E. Ünlü, “The Pottery of the Latest Iron IA Phase at Tell Tayinat, Amuq”. Eds. M. Akar, C. Çakırlar, Ç. Çilingiroğlu, Y. Heffron, É. Jean, E. Kozal, E. Şerifoğlu, A. U. Türkcan – S. Ünlüsoy, Questions, Approaches, and Dialogues in the Eastern Mediterranean Archaeology: Studies in Honor of Marie-Henriette and Charles Gates. California (2016) 607-622.
  • Woolley 1955 C. L. Woolley, Alalakh: An Account of the Excavations at Tell Atchana in the Hatay, 1937- 1949. London 1955.
  • Yalçın 2013 S. Yalçın, “A Re−evaluation of the Late Bronze to Early Iron Age Transitional Period: Stratigraphic Sequence and Plain Ware of Tarsus−Gozlukule”. Ed. A. K. Yener, Across the Border: Late Bronze−Iron Age Relations between Syria and Anatolia, Proceedings of a Symposium held at the Research Center for Anatolian Civilizations, Koc University, Istanbul, May 31−June 1, 2010. Leuven (2013) 195-211.

TARSUS-GÖZLÜKULE HÖYÜĞÜ GEÇ TUNÇ IIB KATMANINDA RASTLANAN SERAMİK DEVAMLILIKLARI

Yıl 2016, , 1 - 9, 01.06.2016
https://doi.org/10.13113/CEDRUS/201601

Öz

Doğu Akdeniz havzasında Geç Tunç’tan Erken De­mir Çağı’na geçiş, bölgesel güçlerin yıkılması, şehirleşmiş ve merkeziyetçi devletlerin çökmesiyle daha kırsal bir yapıya dönüşülmesi, büyük göçlere tanık olunması ve maddi kültürdeki genel çoktürellik sebebiyle bu dönemi ilginç ve tartışmalara açık kılar. Fakat son yıllarda böl­gede yeni başlatılan kazılar ve eski kazı malzemelerinin yeniden incelenmeye alınması ile bu dönemin anlatısı­nın daha detaylı olduğunu görmekteyiz. Bu makale Çukurova’da bulunan Tarsus-Gözlükule höyüğünün Geç Tunç IIb Dönemi’ne ait yerel seramik geleneklerini irdeler. Bu yerleşim İç Anadolu’yu Suriye’ye ve denize ulaşımı sayesinde de Akdeniz’e bağlayan stratejik bir ko­numa sahiptir. Bu bağlamda, yerleşimin seramik üreti­mindeki değişimleri ve devamlılıkları incelenerek Doğu Ak­deniz havzasının geçirdiği bu karmaşık evrede bölge­lerin değişen ilişkiler ve bağlantılarını daha iyi anlamak amaçlanmaktadır. Sonuç olarak ise bu dönemde yeni ba­zı oluşumların yanı sıra Geç Tunç IIa’da görülen bazı ge­le­neklerin devamı sayesinde değişik bölgelerin kendine özgü yeni yörüngeler çizmeye başladığını söyleyebiliriz.

Kaynakça

  • Gates 2001 M.-H. Gates, “Potmarks at Kinet Hoyuk and the Hittite Ceramic Industry”. Eds. E. Jean, A. M. Dinçol – S. Durugönül, La Cilicie: Espaces et Pouvoirs Locaux (2e millenaire av. J.−C.−4e siecle ap. J.−C.). İstanbul (2001) 137-157.
  • Gates 2010 M.-H. Gates, “Potters and Consumers in Cilicia and the Amuq during the ‘Age of Transformations’ (13th-10th centuries BC.)”. Ed. F. Venturi, Societies in Transition. Evolutionary Processes in the Northern Levant between Late Bronze Age II and Early Iron Age. Papers Presented on the Occasion of the 20th Anniversary of the New Excavations in Tell Afis, 15th November 2007. Bologna (2010) 65-81.
  • Gates forth. M.-H. Gates, “From Late Bronze to Iron Age on Syria’s Northwest Frontier: Cilicia and the Amuq”. Eds. S. Mazzoni – S. Soldi, Percorsi di Archeologia Siriana: Celebrando 20 anni di archeologia a Tell Afis. Pisa, 27–28 November 2006. Pisa forthcoming.
  • Genz 2003 H. Genz, “The Early Iron Age in Central Anatolia”. Eds. B. Fischer, H. Genz, E. Jean – K. Köroğlu, Identifying Changes: the Transition from Bronze to Iron Ages in Anatolia and its Neighbouring Regions. İstanbul (2003) 179- 191.
  • Goldman 1956 H. Goldman, Excavations at Gozlu Kule, Tarsus. From the Neolithic through the Bronze Age, vol. II. Princeton 1956.
  • Hansen – Postgate 2007 C. Hansen – N. Postgate, “Pottery from Level III - II”. Eds. N. Postgate – D. Thomas, Excavations at Kilise Tepe, 1994-98: From Bronze Age to Byzantine in Western Cilicia. London (2007) 329-370.
  • Horowitz forth. M. T. Horowitz, “The Evolution of Plain Ware Ceramics at the Regional Capital of Alalakh in the 2nd Millennium BC”. Ed. C. Glatz, Pots, Palaces and Politics: An International Workshop on the Evolution and Socio-Political Significance of Plain Ware Traditions in the 2nd millennium BC Near East and East Mediterranean. London forthcoming. Mountjoy 2005 P. A. Mountjoy, “The Mycenaean Pottery from the 1934-1939 Excavations at Tarsus”. Ed. A. Özyar, Field Seasons 2001-2003 of the TarsusGözlükule Interdisciplinary Research Project. İstanbul (2005) 83-134.
  • Mountjoy 2010 P. A. Mountjoy, “A Note on the Mixed Origins of Some Philistine Pottery”. Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 359 (2010) 1-12.
  • Müller-Karpe 1988 A. Müller-Karpe, Hethitische Töpferei der Oberstadt von Hattusha: ein Beitrag zur Kenntnis spät-grossreichszeitlicher Keramik und Töperferbetriebe unter Zugrundelegung der Grabungsergebnisse von 1978-82 in Boğazköy. Marburg - Lahn 1988.
  • Öner et al. 2005 E. Öner, B. Hocaoğlu – L. Uncu, “Paleogeographıcal Surveys Around the Mound of Gözlükule”. Ed. A. Özyar, Field Seasons 2001-2003 of the Tarsus-Gözlükule Interdisciplinary Research Project. İstanbul (2005) 69-82.
  • Özyar et al. 2012 A. Özyar, E. Ünlü, S. Karacic, Ç. Külekçioğlu – T. Pilavcı, “Tarsus-Gözlükule 2010 Yılı Kazısı”. Kazı Sonuçları Toplantısı XXXIII/2 (2012) 413-431.
  • Özyar et al. 2014 A. Özyar, E. Ünlü, T. Pilavcı, Ç. Külekçioğlu, S. Yalçın, S. Karacic, A. Güldüren – W. Bennett, “Tarsus-Gözlükule 2012 Yılı Kazısı”. Kazı Sonuçları Toplantısı XXXV/2 (2014) 170-181.
  • Parzinger – Sanz 1992 H. Parzinger – R. Sanz, Die Oberstadt von Hattusha. Hethitische Keramik aus dem zentralen Tempelviertel, Boğazköy-Hattusha 15. Berlin 1992.
  • Schoop 2003 U. Schoop “Pottery Traditions of the Later Hittite Empire: Problems of Definition”. Eds. B. Fischer, H. Genz, E. Jean – K. Köroğlu, Identifying Changes: the Transition from Bronze to Iron Ages in Anatolia and its Neighbouring Regions. İstanbul (2003) 167-178.
  • Sevin – Köroğlu 2004 V. Sevin – K. Köroğlu, “Late Bronze Age at Yumuktepe: New Evidence from Step-Trench South”. Eds. I. Caneva – V. Sevin, Mersin-Yumuktepe: A Reappraisal. Lecce (2004) 73-83.
  • Slane 1987 D. A. Slane, Middle and Late Bronze Age Architecture and Pottery in Gozlukule, Tarsus: A New Analysis. Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Bryn Mawr College. Bryn Mawr 1987.
  • Ünlü 2015 E. Ünlü, “Late Bronze – Early Iron Age Painted Pottery from the Northeast Mediterranean Settlements”. Eds. Ç. Maner, K. Kopanias – N. Stampolidis, NOSTOI: Indigenous Culture, Migration, and Integration in the Aegean Islands and Western Anatolia during the Late Bronze and Early Iron Age. İstanbul (2015) 481-493.
  • Ünlü 2016 E. Ünlü, “The Pottery of the Latest Iron IA Phase at Tell Tayinat, Amuq”. Eds. M. Akar, C. Çakırlar, Ç. Çilingiroğlu, Y. Heffron, É. Jean, E. Kozal, E. Şerifoğlu, A. U. Türkcan – S. Ünlüsoy, Questions, Approaches, and Dialogues in the Eastern Mediterranean Archaeology: Studies in Honor of Marie-Henriette and Charles Gates. California (2016) 607-622.
  • Woolley 1955 C. L. Woolley, Alalakh: An Account of the Excavations at Tell Atchana in the Hatay, 1937- 1949. London 1955.
  • Yalçın 2013 S. Yalçın, “A Re−evaluation of the Late Bronze to Early Iron Age Transitional Period: Stratigraphic Sequence and Plain Ware of Tarsus−Gozlukule”. Ed. A. K. Yener, Across the Border: Late Bronze−Iron Age Relations between Syria and Anatolia, Proceedings of a Symposium held at the Research Center for Anatolian Civilizations, Koc University, Istanbul, May 31−June 1, 2010. Leuven (2013) 195-211.
Toplam 20 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Research Article
Yazarlar

Elif Ünlü Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Haziran 2016
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2016

Kaynak Göster

APA Ünlü, E. (2016). TARSUS-GÖZLÜKULE HÖYÜĞÜ GEÇ TUNÇ IIB KATMANINDA RASTLANAN SERAMİK DEVAMLILIKLARI. Cedrus, 4, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.13113/CEDRUS/201601
AMA Ünlü E. TARSUS-GÖZLÜKULE HÖYÜĞÜ GEÇ TUNÇ IIB KATMANINDA RASTLANAN SERAMİK DEVAMLILIKLARI. Cedrus. Haziran 2016;4:1-9. doi:10.13113/CEDRUS/201601
Chicago Ünlü, Elif. “TARSUS-GÖZLÜKULE HÖYÜĞÜ GEÇ TUNÇ IIB KATMANINDA RASTLANAN SERAMİK DEVAMLILIKLARI”. Cedrus 4, Haziran (Haziran 2016): 1-9. https://doi.org/10.13113/CEDRUS/201601.
EndNote Ünlü E (01 Haziran 2016) TARSUS-GÖZLÜKULE HÖYÜĞÜ GEÇ TUNÇ IIB KATMANINDA RASTLANAN SERAMİK DEVAMLILIKLARI. Cedrus 4 1–9.
IEEE E. Ünlü, “TARSUS-GÖZLÜKULE HÖYÜĞÜ GEÇ TUNÇ IIB KATMANINDA RASTLANAN SERAMİK DEVAMLILIKLARI”, Cedrus, c. 4, ss. 1–9, 2016, doi: 10.13113/CEDRUS/201601.
ISNAD Ünlü, Elif. “TARSUS-GÖZLÜKULE HÖYÜĞÜ GEÇ TUNÇ IIB KATMANINDA RASTLANAN SERAMİK DEVAMLILIKLARI”. Cedrus 4 (Haziran 2016), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.13113/CEDRUS/201601.
JAMA Ünlü E. TARSUS-GÖZLÜKULE HÖYÜĞÜ GEÇ TUNÇ IIB KATMANINDA RASTLANAN SERAMİK DEVAMLILIKLARI. Cedrus. 2016;4:1–9.
MLA Ünlü, Elif. “TARSUS-GÖZLÜKULE HÖYÜĞÜ GEÇ TUNÇ IIB KATMANINDA RASTLANAN SERAMİK DEVAMLILIKLARI”. Cedrus, c. 4, 2016, ss. 1-9, doi:10.13113/CEDRUS/201601.
Vancouver Ünlü E. TARSUS-GÖZLÜKULE HÖYÜĞÜ GEÇ TUNÇ IIB KATMANINDA RASTLANAN SERAMİK DEVAMLILIKLARI. Cedrus. 2016;4:1-9.

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