Toledo Okulu ve Cremonalı Gerard’ın Bourdieucu Analizi

Öz

Tarihi açıdan önemli bir çeviri hareketini ve bu hareketin öncü çevirmenlerini incelemek için Bourdieucü düşünme araçlarını kullanmak, bir alanın böylesine yoğun bir çeviri dönemi için gerekli ortamı nasıl oluşturduğunu ve bir kişinin nasıl söz konusu hareketin içinde öncü bir figür haline geldiğini gösterebilir. Bu çalışma Toledo Çeviri Okulu ve Cremonalı Gerard’ı sosyolojik bir bakış açısıyla tartışmaktadır. Bunu yaparken de dönem ve Gerard’ın kendisi hakkındaki biyografiler, makaleler ve kitaplardan faydalanılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonuçları göstermiştir ki kendini doğduğu yerin sunabileceği bilgilerle eğiten Gerard daha fazla kültürel sermaye edinebilmek için Toledo’ya gelir. Toledo’da ise alanın koşulları bir çeviri hareketinin ihtiyaç duyacağı ortamı yaratır. Habitusu ve kültürel, sembolik ve sosyal sermayeleri sayesinde Gerard bu harekette ön plana çıkar. Dahası, sahip olduğu yüksek kültürel sermaye, onu kendi alanında baskın bir kişi haline getiren nadirlik değerine sahiptir. Gerard örneği açık bir şekilde göstermiştir ki çeviri tarihine yönelik sosyolojik bir bakış açısı çeviri hareketlerinin arka planı ve bu hareketlerde öne çıkan çevirmenler hakkında daha fazla bilgiyi açığa çıkarabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Toledo çeviri okulu
• Cremonalı Gerard
• Pierre Bourdieu
• habitus
• sermaye
• alan

A Bourdieuan Analysis of Toledo School and Gerard of Cremona

Öz

Using the Bourdieuan thinking tools to analyze a historically important translation movement and its leading translator might demonstrate how a field creates the necessary environment for such a period of intense translation activity and how a person comes to be a leading figure in this movement. This paper discusses the Toledo Translation School and Gerard of Cremona from a sociological perspective by collecting data from biographies, articles and books about the era and Gerard himself. The results show that Gerard, educating himself on the limited knowledge that his hometown could offer, comes to Toledo in order to accumulate more cultural capital. In Toledo, the conditions of the field form the necessary environment that a translation movement requires. Through his habitus and cultural, symbolic and social capitals, Gerard came to the forefront of this movement. Furthermore, his high cultural capitals earn a scarcity value, which contributes to make him a dominant figure in his field. This analysis demonstrates that a sociological perspective to translation history can reveal more about the background of translation movements and prominent translators involved in them.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Toledo translation school
• Gerard of Cremona
• Pierre Bourdieu
• habitus
• capital
• field

Kaynakça

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