USING THE UKRAINIAN ARCHIVES FOR THE STUDY OF JANISSARY NETWORKS IN THE NORTHERN BLACK SEA: RESEARCH PERSPECTIVES AND CHALLENGES

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1, 129 - 144, 14.06.2022

Anna Sydorenko

https://doi.org/10.30517/cihannuma.1131057

Cited By: 1

Öz

This article deals with the primary sources in the Ukrainian archives which pertain to the establishment and function of the networks of the Janissaries of the Crimean Khanate with their neighbors in the northern Black Sea frontier region. It demonstrates the extent to which it is possible to use this archival material in order to study the history of relations between the Janissaries of the Black Sea port-cities and the main powers of the steppeland, namely the Zaporozhian Cossacks and the Ukrainians of the Left Bank Hetmanate. The paper raises questions about the ways in which these groups were interacting with each other and at what levels, also focusing on how these established networks of the great steppe region were affected and transformed by the Ottoman-Russian struggle and the gradual expansion of the Russians to the south.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Black Sea frontier, Janissaries, Zaporozhian Sich, Hetmanate, Russian Empire, Ottoman Empire, Ukrainian archives

Destekleyen Kurum

European Research Council (ERC)

Proje Numarası

849911

Kuzey Karadeniz’deki Yeniçeri Ağlarını Çalışırken Ukrayna Arşivlerini Kullanmak: Araştırma Perspektifleri ve Zorlukları

Öz

Bu makale, Kırım Hanedanlığı’ndaki yeniçeri ağlarının Kuzey Karadeniz sınır bölgesindeki komşularını kapsayacak şekilde tesisine ve işlevine dair Ukrayna arşivlerinde karşımıza çıkan birincil kaynaklara odaklanmaktadır. Bu materyaller eşliğinde, Zaporojya Kazakları ve Sol Kıyı Hetmanlığı’ndaki Ukraynalılar olarak sayabileceğimiz, bozkır diyarının başlıca güçleri ile Karadeniz liman şehirlerindeki yeniçeriler arasındaki ilişkilerin tarihi çalışılırken elimizdeki arşiv materyallerinin ne ölçüde kullanışlı olabileceği gösterilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın gündeme getirdiği sorular ise bahsi geçen grupların hangi yollarla ve ne düzeyde birbirleri ile etkileşime girdiği ve aynı zamanda, Avrasya’nın muazzam stepleri boyunca yayılmış kurulu ağların Osmanlı-Rus çatışması ve Rusya’nın güneye doğru tedrici genişlemesi bağlamında nasıl etkilendiği ve dönüştüğüdür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Karadeniz sınırı, yeniçeriler, Zaporojya Siçi, Hetmanlık, Rus İmparatorluğu, Osmanlı İmparatorluğu, Ukrayna arşivleri

Proje Numarası

849911

Kaynakça

• Cevdet Askeriye (C.AS) 886/38074. Central State Historical Archive of Ukraine, Kyiv (TSDIAK of Ukraine) Fond 229/opis 1/sprava 11; 12; 14; 17; 90; 97; 101; 139; 140; 144; 157; 162; 163; 189; 191; 216. Fond 59/opis 1/sprava 105-107; 112; 186; 281; 324; 654; 742; 807 Fond 59/opis 2/sprava 789; 1285; 1514; 1707.
• Abduzhemilev, Refat Roustem (ed.), Documents of the Crimean Khanate from Huseyn Feyzkhanov’s Collection, Simferopol 2017.
• Andreevskiy, Arkadiy, “Materialy kasayushchiesia zaporozhtsev, s 1715-1774 g.”, [Documents concerning the Zaporozhians, 1715-1774], Zapiski Imperatorskogo Odesskogo obshchestva istorii i drevnostei, [Notes of the Imperial Odesa Society of History and Antiquities], Volume 14, Odessa 1886, p. 444.
• Apanovich, Olena, “Arkhiv Kocha Zaporozhskoi Sichi”, [Archive of the Kosh of the Zaporozhian Sich], Archives of Ukraine, 6, (1989), p. 13-27.
• Bondarevskii, Alexandr, Otlivanov, Leonid, Pil’kevich, Sergey, and Sheludchenko, Vladimir (eds.), Tsentral’nyi gosudarstvennyi istoricheskii arkhiv USSR v Kieve: Putevoditel’, [Central State Historical Archive of the Ukrainian SSR in Kiev: Guide], Kiev 1958.
• Carras, Iannis, “Το δια θαλάσσης εμπόριο από την Καζακία και τη Ρωσία, 1696-1774”, [Maritime trade from Kazakia and Russia, 1696-1774], Οι Έλληνες της Αζοφικής, 18ος – αρχές 20ου αιώνα [Greeks in the Azov, 18th-Beginning of the 20th Century], (eds. Evridiki Sifneos, Gelina Harlaflis), Athens 2015, p. 329-345.
• Chukhlib, Taras, Cozaki ta Ianychary. Ukraina y Chrystians’ko-mousoul’man’skich viinakh 1500-1700 rr, [Cossacks and Janissaries. Ukraine in the Christian-Muslim Wars, 1500-1700], Kyiv 2010.
• Davies, Brian, Warfare, State and Society on the Black Sea Steppe, 1500-1700, London and New York 2007.
• Deinkov, Ravil, Rossia, Tourtsia i Krimskoe Chanstvo: geopoliticheskaia sitouatsia v Severnom Prichernomir’e v period c 30-x. gg XVIII v. po 1873 g., [Russia, Turkey and the Crimean Khanate: the Geopolitical Situation in the Northern Black Sea Region, 1730s to 1783], Moscow Region State University, Ph.D., Moscow 2012.
• Gistsova, Lubov (ed.), Arkhiv Kocha Novoi Zaporozhskoi Sichi, korpus documentiv, 1734-1775, [Archive of the Kosh of the New Zaporozhian Sich, Corpus of Documents, 1734-1775], Volume 1, Kyiv 1998.
• ______ , Arkhiv Kocha Novoi Zaporozhskoi Sichi, korpus documentiv, 1734-1775, [Archive of the Kosh of the New Zaporozhian Sich, Corpus of Documents, 1734-1775], Volume 2, Kyiv 2000. Gistsova, Lubov and Demchenko, Lioudmila (eds.), Arkhiv Kocha Novoi Zaporozhskoi Sichi, opis sprav 1713-1776, [Archive of the Kosh of the New Zaporozhian Sich, Catalog 1713-1776], Kyiv 1994.
• ______, Arkhiv Kocha Novoi Zaporozhskoi Sichi, korpus documentiv, 1734-1775, [Archive of the Kosh of the New Zaporozhian Sich, Corpus of Documents, 1734-1775], Volume 3, Kyiv 2003. ______ , Arkhiv Kocha Novoi Zaporozhskoi Sichi, korpus documentiv, 1734-1775, [Archive of the Kosh of the New Zaporozhian Sich, Corpus of Documents, 1734-1775], Volume 4, Kyiv 2006.
• ______ , Arkhiv Kocha Novoi Zaporozhskoi Sichi, korpus documentiv, 1734-1775, [Archive of the Kosh of the New Zaporozhian Sich, Corpus of Documents, 1734-1775], Volume 5, Kyiv 2008. Fisher, Alan W., The Russian Annexation of the Crimea, 1772-1783, Cambridge 1970.
• ______ , A Precarious Balance: Conflict, Trade, and Diplomacy on the Russian-Ottoman Frontier, Istanbul 1999.
• Halenko, Aleksander, “Towards the Character of Ottoman Policy in the Northern Black Sea Region after the Treaty of Belgrade (1783)”, Oriente Moderno (Nuova serie, The Ottoman Empire in the Eighteenth Century), 18/79, (1999), p. 101-112.
• İnalcık, Halil, “Kırım Kadı Sicilleri Bulundu”, Belleten, 60/227, (1996), p. 165-190.
• Jones, Robert E., “Opening a Window on the South: Russia and the Black Sea 1695-1792”, A Window on Russia, Papers from the V International Conference of the Study Group on Eighteenth-Century Russia, (eds. Maria Di Salvo and Lindsey Hughes), Rome 1996, p. 123-130.
• King, Charles, The Black Sea: A History, Oxford 2004.
• Kočegarov, Kirill, “The Moscow Uprising of 1682: Relations between Russia, the Crimean Khanate, and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth”, The Crimean Khanate between East and West (15th-18th Century), (ed. Denise Klein) Harrassowitz 2012, p. 59-75.
• Kołodziejczyk, Dariusz, The Crimean Khanate and Poland-Lithuania International Diplomacy on the European Periphery (15th-18th Century). A Study of Peace Treaties Followed by Annotated Documents, Leiden 2011.
• Magocsi, Paul Robert, A history of Ukraine: the Land and its Peoples, Toronto, Buffalo, and London 2010.
• Ostapchuk, Victor, “The Publication of Documents on the Crimean Khanate in the Topkapı Sarayı: New Sources for the History of the Black Sea Basin”, Harvard Ukrainian Studies, 6/4, (December 1982), p. 500-528.
• ______, “The Human Landscape of the Ottoman Black Sea in the Face of the Cossack Naval Raids”, Oriente Moderno (Nuova serie, The Ottomans and the Sea), 20/81, (2001), p. 23-95.
• ______, “Cossack Ukraine in and Out of Ottoman Orbit, 1648-1681”, The European Tributary States of the Ottoman Empire in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries, (eds. Gábor Kármán and Lovro Kunčević), Leiden and Boston 2013, p. 123-152.
• Subtelny, Orest, Ukraine: a history, Toronto, Buffalo, and London 1994.
• Turanly, Ferhad, “The Military Cooperation between the Crimean Khanate and the Zaporozhian Host in the Second Quarter of the XVIIth century”, Shidnoyevropeiskyi Istorychnyi Visnyk, 11, (2019), p. 39-55.
• Tyshchenko, Mykola, Narisi z istorii zovnisn’oi torgivli Ukrainy v XVIII st. [Essays on the History of Ukraine’s Foreign Trade in the 18th Century], Bila Tserkva 2010.