Total Factor Productivity of Tourism Sector of OECD Countries

Öz

In this study, we try to analyze the total factor productivity of OECD countries in terms of economics perspective with the 2011-2015 years data. The number of arrivals, tourism expenditures, and logistic performance index were used as input variables; tourism receipt also as output variables in accordance with the data acquired from World Bank (WB). Malmquist Total Factor Productivity Indexes were applied to data with output oriented models. According to research findings; all OECD countries seem to have different fluctuated efficiency values in all kinds of efficiencies for those five years. Chech Republic was the only country that experienced efficiency loss for five years; while the UK is the only one that experienced increases in all type of efficiencies. Moreover; USA, Japan, Turkey and New Zealand were the ones that never experienced any loss in all kinds of efficiencies for the five years. In other words, the efficiency values of those countries were either stable or increased in that period.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Tourism Sector,Efficiency Analysis,Malmquist Total Factor Productivity (MTFP)

OECD Ülkeleri Turizm Sektöründe Toplam Faktör Verimliliği

Öz

Bu çalışmada, 2011-2015 yıllarına ait verilerle OECD ülkelerinin turizm sektörünün toplam faktör verimlilik düzeyinin taspitine yönelik iktisadi analiz yapılmaya çalışılmıştır. Çalışmada, girdi değişkeni olarak gelen yolcu sayısı, turizm harcamaları, lojistik performans endeksi; çıktı değişkeni olarak da turizm gelirleri olmak üzere toplam dört değişken kullanılmıştır. Veriler, Dünya Bankası veri tabanından elde edilmiştir. Analiz yöntemi olarak, Malmquist Toplam Factor Verimliliği Indeksi’nin çıktıya yönelik modeli kullanılmıştır. Analiz neticesinde; bu beş yıllık süreçte tüm etkinlik türleri bazında OECD ülkelerinin etkinlik değerlerinin stabil olmadığı, artış ve azalış yönünde dalgalandığı gözlenmiştir. Bu dönemde Çek Cumhuriyeti’nin tüm etkinlik türlerinde sürekli kayıp yaşadığı, İngiltere’nin ise tüm etkinlik türlerinde etkinlik artışı sağladığı tespir edilmiştir. Ayrıca ABD, Japonya, Yeni Zelanda ve Türkiye’nin ise bu süreçte hiçbir etkinlik kaybı yaşamayan ülkeler olduğu görülmüştür. Bir başka ifadeyle bu ülkelerin etkinlik değerleri ya stabil kalmış ya da artış yönünde olmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Turizm Sektörü,Etkinlik Analizi,Malmquist Toplam Faktör Verimliliği

Kaynakça

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