Bazı Bitki Ekstraktlarının İki Noktalı Kırmızıörümcek, Tetranychus urticae Koch Üzerine İnsektisit Etkisinin Belirlenmesi

Öz

Bu çalışmada, Lepidium sativum L., Eruca vesicaria Mill., Mentha pulegium L., Ocimum basilicum L. ve Rosmarinus officinalis L. ekstraktlarının İki Noktalı Kırmızıörümcek, Tetranychus urticae Koch’nin nimf ve ergin dönemleri üzerine insektisit etkisi yaprak disk daldırma yöntemi kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. Denemelerde ekstraktların %1, 3, 6, 12 konsantrasyonları kullanılmış ve sayımlar uygulamadan 2, 6, 24, 48, 72 ve 96 saat sonra, yapılmıştır. Denemeler her konsantrasyon için 5 tekerrür ve her tekerrürde 10 birey olacak şekilde gerçekleştirilmiştir. T. urticae’nin hem nimf hem de ergin dönemlerinde en yüksek ölüm oranları R. officinalis ekstraktının %12’lik konsantrasyonunda sırasıyla %68 ve %96 olarak belirlenmiştir. Bitki ekstraktlarının farklı konstarasyonlarının yaprak disk daldırma yönteminin kullanıldığı denemelerde ergin bireler üzerinde etkisi R. officinalis>M. pulegium = O. basilicum>E. vesicaria>L. sativum olarak sıralanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, iki noktalı kırmızıörümcek ile mücadelede bu çalışmada kullanılan bitki ekstraktlarının pestisitlere karşı alternatif bir yöntem olarak kullanılabileceği düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bitki ekstraktı,Tetranychus urticae,Nimf,Ergin,İnsektisit etki

Determination of the Insecticide Effect of Some Plant Extracts on Two Spotted Spidermite, Tetranychus urticae Koch

Öz

In this study, the insecticide effect of Lepidium sativum L., Eruca vesicaria Mill., Mentha pulegium L., Ocimum basilicum L. and Rosmarinus officinalis L. extracts on nymph and adult stage of Two Spotted Spidermite, Tetranychus urticae Koch were determined using leaf disk dipping methods. In the tests, 1, 3, 6 and 12% concentrations of the extracts were used and counting was carried out 24th, 48th, 72nd and 96th hours after the treatments. The tests were prepared such that each concentration had 5 repeats and each repeat included 10 individuals. The highest mortalities of nymph and adult stage of T. urticae were counted as 68% and 96%, respectively, at 12% concentration of R. officinalis. . In the tests using leaf disk dipping method on adult females of T. urticae, the effects of the extracts were arranged as R. officinalis>M. pulegium = O. basilicum>E. vesicaria>L. sativum. As a result, , plant extracts used in this study are thought to be used as an alternative method to pesticides for control of two-spotted spider mites.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Plant extract,Tetranychus urticae,Nymph,Adult,Insecticide effect

Kaynakça

1. Abbott, W.S., 1925. A method of computing the effectiveness of an insecticide. Jounal of Economic Entomology. 18 (2): 265-267.
2. Akyazı, R., Soysal, M., Hassan, E., 2015. Toxic and repellent effects of Prunus laurocerasus L. (Rosaceae) extracts against Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae). Turkish Journal of Entomology. 39 (4): 367-380.
3. Alkan, M., Gökçe, A., Kara, K., 2015. Antifeedant activity and growth inhibition effects of some plant extracts against larvae of Colorado potato beetle [Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say (Col: Chyrsomelidae)] under laboratory conditions. Turkish Journal of Entomology. 39 (4): 345-353.
4. Asiry, K.A., 2015. Aphidicidal activity of different aqueous extracts of bitter apple Citrullus colocynthis (L.) against the bird cherry-oat aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) (Homoptera: Aphididae) under laboratory conditions. Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences. 25 (2): 456–462.
5. Aslan, I., Özbek, H., Çalmaşur, Ö., Şahin, F., 2004. Toxicity of essential oilvapours to two greenhouse pests, Tetranychus urticae Koch and Bemesia tabaci Genn. Industrial Crops and Products, 19(2): 167-173.
6. Bostanian, N.J., Akalach, M., Chiasson, H., 2005. Effects of a chenopodium-based botanical insecticide/acaricide on Orius insidiosus (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) and Aphidius colemanii (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Pest Management Science, 61: 979-984.
7. Chen, Y., Dai, G., 2015. Acaricidal activity of compounds from Cinnamomum camphora (L.) Presl against the carmine spidermite, Tetranychus cinnabarinus. Pest Management Science. 71: 1561-1571.
8. Chiasson, H., Be´langer, A., Bostanian, N., Vincent, C., Poliquin, A., 2001. Acaricidal properties of Artemisia absinthium and Tanacetum vulgaren (Asteraceae) essential oils obtained by different methods of extraction. Journal of Economic Entomology, 94: 167-171.

9. Cutler, D.M., Miller, G., 2005. The role of public health improvements in health advances: the 20th century United States. Demography. 42 (1): 1-22.
10. Çam, H., Karakoç, Ö.C., Gökçe, A., Telci, İ., Demirtaş, İ., 2012. Farklı nane türlerine ait klonların uçucu yağlarının buğday biti [Sitophilus granarius L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)]’ne fumigant etkisi. Türkiye Entomoloji Dergisi. 36 (2): 255-263.
11. Derbalah, A.S., Keratrum, A.Y., El-Dewy, M.E., El-Shamy, E.H., 2013. Efficacy of some insecticides and plant extracts against Tetranychus urticae under laboratory conditions. Egyptian Journal of Plant Protection Research, 1(3): 47-69.
12. Ebrahimi, M., Safaralizade, M.H., Valizadegan, O., Amin, B.H.H., 2013. Efficacy of three plant essential oils, Azadirachta indica (Adr. Juss.), Eucalyptus camaldulensis (Dehn.) and Laurus nobilis (L.) on mortality cotton aphids, Aphis gossypii Glover (Hem: Aphididae). Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection. 46 (9): 1093–1101.
13. Erdoğan, P., 2015. Capsicum annuum L. (Solanaceae) ve Allium sativum L. (Amaryllidaceae) ekstraktlarının Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera:Aphididae) üzerine insektisit etkisi. Bitki Koruma Bülteni. 55 (4): 305-315.
14. Erdoğan, P., Saltan, G., Sever, B., 2010. Acı biber (Capsicum annum L.) ekstraktının iki noktalı kırmızıörümcek, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Arachnida: Tetranychidae)’ye akarisit etkisi. Bitki Koruma Bülteni. 50: 35-43.
15. Erdoğan, P., Toros, S., 2005. Melia azedarach L. (Meliaceae) ekstraktlarının Patates böceği [Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say (Col.: Chrysomelidae)] larvalarının gelişimi üzerine etkisi. Bitki Koruma Bülteni. 45 (1-4): 99-118.
16. Erdoğan, P., Toros, S., 2010. Azadirachta indica A. Juss ekstraktlarının Patates böceği [Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say (Col.: Chrysomelidae)]’ne beslenme engelleyici etkisi. Bitki Koruma Bülteni. 50 (4): 193-200.
17. Gökçe, A., Whalon, M.E., Çam, H., Yanar, Y., Demirtaş, İ., Gören, N., 2007. Contact and residual toxicities of 30 plant extracts to Colorado potato beetle larvae. Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection. 40 (6): 441–450.
18. Grant, S., Saphores, J., Feldman, D., Hamilton, A., Fletcher, T.D., Cook, P., Stewardson, M., Sanders, B., Levin, L., Ambrose, R., Deletic, A., Brown, R., Jiang, S., Rosso, D., Cooper, W., Marusic, I., 2012. Taking the “waste” out of “wastewater” for human water security and ecosystem sustainability. Science. 337: 681-686.
19. Hayes, W.J.Jr., Laws, E.R. Jr., 1991. Handbook of pesticide toxicology, vol. 1. Academic, 1576 pp., San Diego, CA.
20. Islam, M.T., Haque, M.M., Naher, N., Parween, S., 2008. Effect of plant materials on developmental periods of two spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae). International Journal of Biological Sciences, 16: 121-124.
21. Isman, M.B., 2006. Botanical insecticides, deterrents, and repellents in modern agriculture and an increasingly regulated world. Annual Reviwer Entomology, 51: 45-66.
22. Işık, M., Görür, G., 2009. Aphidicidial activity of seven essential oils against the cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae L. (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Munis Entomology & Zoology Journal. 4 (2): 424-431.
23. Jeppson, L.R., Keifer, H.H., Baker, E.W., 1975. Mites injurious to economic plants. University of California Pres, 615p., Berkeley, London,
24. Karakoç, Ö.C., Gökçe, A., 2012. Bitki ekstraktlarının Spodoptera littoralis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)’e olan kontak toksisiteleri. Türkiye Entomoloji Dergisi. 36 (3): 423–431.
25. Karakoç, Ö.C., Gökçe, A., 2013. Farklı bitki ekstraktlarının Spodoptera littoralis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) üzerinde beslenme engelleyici ve mide zehiri etkileri. Türkiye Entomoloji Dergisi. 37 (1): 73–80.
26. Lee, S.W., 1990. Studies on the pest status and integrated mite management in apple orchards. Ph.D. dissertation. Seoul National University, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
27. Liu, S.Q., Shi, J.J., Cao, H., Jia, F.B., Liu, X.Q., Shi, G.L., 2000. Survey of pesticidal component in plant, in entomology in China in 21th Century. Science and Technical Press. 1098-1104 p.
28. Martinez-Villar, E., Saenz-de-Cabezon, F., Moreno-Grijalba, F., Marco, V., Perez-Moreno, I., 2005. Effects of azadirachtin on the twospotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae). Experimental and Applied Acarology, 35: 215-222.
29. Motazedian, N., Ravan, S., Bandani, A.R., 2012. Toxicity and repellency effects of three essential oils against Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae). J. Agr. Sci. Tech., Vol. 14: 275-284.
30. Pavela, R., 2016. Acaricidal properties of extracts of some medicinal and culinary plants against Tetranychus urticae Koch. Plant Protection Science, 52(1): 54-63.
31. Selimoğlu, T., Gökçe, A., Yanar, D., 2015. Bazı bitki uçucu yağlarının Acanthoscelides obtectus (Say) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) üzerindeki fumigant toksisiteleri. Türkiye Entomooji Dergiğsi. 39 (1): 109-118.
32. Sertkaya, E., Kaya, K., Soylu, S., 2010. Acaricidal activities of the essential oils from several medicinal plants against the carmine spider mite (Tetranychus cinnabarinus Boisd.) (Acarina: Tetranychidae). Industrial Crops and Products. 31: 107-112.
33. Telci, I., Demirtas, I., Bayram, E., Arabaci, O., Kaçar O., 2010. Environmental variation on aroma components of pulegone/piperitone rich spearmint (Mentha spicata L.). Industrial Crops and Products, 32, 588-592.
34. Thomas C.E. 1969. Transmission of tobacco ringspot virus by Tetranychus sp. Phytopathology, 59: 633-636.
35. Tomczyk, A., Suszko, M., 2011. The role of phenols in the influence of herbal extracts from Salvia officinalis L. and Matricaria chamomilla L. on two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae Koch. Biological Letters, 48 (2): 193–205.
36. Topuz, E., Madanlar, N., 2011. Bazı bitkisel kökenli uçucu yağların Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Boisduval, 1867) (Acari: Tetranychidae) üzerine kontakt ve repellent etkileri. Türkiye Entomoloji Bülteni, 1 (2): 99-107.
37. Wang, Y.N., Shi, G.L., Zhao, L.L., Liu, S.Q., Yu, T.Q., Clarke, S.R., Sun, J.H., 2007. Acaricidal activity of Juglans regia leaf extracts on Tetranychus viennensis and Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Acari: Tetranychidae). Journal of Economic Entomology. 100 (4): 1298–1303.
38. Yang, H.Z., Li, Q., Lei, H.D., 2007. Research and application of botanical acaricides. Pesticide, 46, 81–85.
39. Yorulmaz Salman, S., Saritas, S., Kara, N., Ay, R., 2014. Acaricidal and ovicidal effects of Sage (Salvia officinalis L.) and Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) (Lamiaceae) extracts on Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae). Journal Of Agricultural Sciences, 20: 358-367.
40. Yorulmaz Salman, S., Saritas, S., Kara, N., Aydinli, F., Ay, R., 2015. Contact, repellency and ovicidal effects of four Lamiaceae plant essential oils against Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae). TEOP, 18(4): 857 – 872.
41. Zhang, Z., 2003. Mites of green houses: Identification, biology and control. CABİ Publishing, 244p., Wallingford.