ÇİN’İN HAVA DİPLOMASİSİ: ŞANGHAY-BUENOS AİRES HATTI VE KÜRESEL ETKİLERİ

Öz

Bu makale, China Eastern Airlines tarafından başlatılan Şanghay-Buenos Aires uçuşunu, Çin’in 21. yüzyıl dış politikasının sofistike bir aracı olan hava diplomasisinin somut bir örneği olarak analiz etmektedir. Dünyanın en uzun doğrudan ticari rotası olarak lanse edilen bu hava köprüsü, sadece bir havacılık başarısı değil, aynı zamanda çok katmanlı jeoekonomik ve jeopolitik hedeflere hizmet eden stratejik bir hamledir. Makale, hava diplomasisinin teorik çerçevesini oluşturarak, sivil havacılığın bir dış politika aracı, devlet imajını destekleme mekanizması ve diplomatik aktörlerin sahnesi olarak nasıl işlev gördüğünü ortaya koymaktadır. Bu çerçeve, Şanghay-Buenos Aires hattının analizinde uygulanarak, rotanın Çin’in küresel Kuşak ve Yol Girişimi ve onun bir alt bileşeni olan Hava İpek Yolu stratejisi içindeki merkezi rolünü aydınlatmaktadır. Vaka analizi, rotanın sadece Çin ile Arjantin arasındaki ikili ilişkileri derinleştirmekle kalmayıp, Auckland’ı stratejik bir merkez olarak kullanarak Güney Yarımküre’de yeni bir Güney Bağı oluşturma ve küresel bağlantı haritalarını yeniden çizme niyetini ortaya koymaktadır. Çalışma, bu hava diplomasisi hamlesinin ekonomik (ticaret, yatırım, turizm), sembolik (yumuşak güç, teknolojik yetkinlik) ve jeopolitik (Latin Amerika’daki güç dengeleri, ABD ile rekabet, borç diplomasisi tartışmaları) boyutlarını kapsamlı bir şekilde incelemektedir. Sonuç olarak, bu hava yolu bağlantısının, Çin’in küresel sahnede artan etkisini pekiştiren, geleneksel güç merkezlerine meydan okuyan ve Pekin’in yeni birçok kutuplu dünya düzeninin altyapısını inşa etme vizyonunu yansıtan dönüştürücü bir girişim olduğu savunulmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hava Diplomasisi
• Kuşak ve Yol Girişimi
• Hava İpek Yolu
• Çin-Arjantin İlişkileri
• Jeopolitik Rekabet

CHINA’S AIR DIPLOMACY: THE SHANGHAI-BUENOS AIRES ROUTE AND ITS GLOBAL IMPACTS

Öz

This article analyses the Shanghai-Buenos Aires flight launched by China Eastern Airlines as a concrete example of air diplomacy, a sophisticated tool of China's 21st-century foreign policy. Promoted as the world's longest direct commercial route, this air bridge is not only an aviation achievement but also a strategic move serving multi-layered geo-economic and geopolitical objectives. The article establishes the theoretical framework of air diplomacy, revealing how civil aviation functions as a foreign policy tool, a mechanism for supporting state image, and a stage for diplomatic actors. This framework is applied in the analysis of the Shanghai-Buenos Aires route, illuminating the route's central role within China's global Belt and Road Initiative and its sub-component, the Air Silk Road strategy. The case study reveals that the route not only deepens bilateral relations between China and Argentina but also aims to create a new Southern Link in the Southern Hemisphere and redraw global connectivity maps by using Auckland as a strategic hub. The study comprehensively examines the economic (trade, investment, tourism), symbolic (soft power, technological prowess) and geopolitical (power balances in Latin America, competition with the US, debt diplomacy debates) dimensions of this air diplomacy move. Ultimately, it argues that this air route connection is a transformative initiative that reinforces China's growing influence on the global stage, challenges traditional power centres, and reflects Beijing's vision of building the infrastructure for a new multipolar world order.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Air Diplomacy
• Belt and Road Initiative
• Air Silk Road
• China-Argentina Relations
• Geopolitical Competition.

Kaynakça

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