Evaluation of Studies on Teaching Social Response Behaviors to Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders

Öz

The purpose of the study was to descriptively examine the demographic, methodological and outcome measures of the studies using different interventions to teach social response behaviors including understanding and expressing emotions, verbal expression, facial expression, gesture and intonation to the individuals with ASD during over twenty years. We scanned a whole literature from overall online databases of a university using multiple key words and identified total 114 studies. The studies were examined for the inclusion criteria as follows: (a) publication between January 2000 and May 2020, (b) publication in a Turkish and/or English peer-reviewed journal, (c) including at least one participant with autism, (d) employing a qualitatively or quantitatively research design, (e) targeting at least one of social response behaviors including verbal expression, facial expression, gesture and intonation. After that 36 studies were included in this review study. As a result of the study it is note worthy that technology-based interventions were used for teaching all social response behaviors mostly and effectively in the current studies to the individuals with ASD who differ in age. The findings were discussed and future research was recommended.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Autism
• Social Responses
• Verbal Expression
• Facial Expression
• Gestures
• Intonation

Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu Olan Bireylere Sosyal Tepki Davranışlarının Öğretimine İlişkin Araştırmaların Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, 20 yılı aşkın sürede OSB olan çocuklara duyguları anlama ve ifade etme, sözel ifade, yüz ifadeleri, jestler ve tonlama bileşenlerinden oluşan sosyal tepki davranışlarının öğretimine yönelik müdahalelerin etkisini sınayan çalışmaları; demografik, yöntem ve bulgu değişkenleri açısından inceleyerek kapsamlı bir betimsel analiz yapmaktır. Bir üniversitenin toplu veri tabanlarında, anahtar kelimeler kullanılarak ilk tarama yürütülmüştür. Taramadaki 112 çalışmaya kaynakçaların gözden geçirilmesi ile iki çalışma daha eklenerek toplamda 114 çalışmaya ulaşılmıştır. Bu çalışmalar dahil etme ölçütleri olarak (a) Ocak 2000-Mayıs 2020 yılları arasında yürütülmesi, (b) hakemli dergilerde İngilizce ve Türkçe dillerinden biriyle yayımlanması, (c) katılımcılardan en az birinin OSB tanısının olması, (d) nicel ve nitel araştırma yöntemleriyle tasarlanması ve (e) sosyal tepki davranışlarından (sözel ifade, yüz ifadesi, jestler, tonlama) en az birinin öğretiminin hedeflenmesi açısından incelenmiştir ve 36 çalışma araştırma kapsamına alınmıştır. Çalışmanın sonucunda, son yıllardaki çalışmalarda farklı yaşlarda olan OSB olan bireylere, tüm sosyal tepki davranışlarının öğretimi için çoğunlukla ve etkili olarak teknoloji temelli uygulamaların kullanıldığı görülmüştür. Araştırmanın bulguları tartışılarak ileri araştırmalara yönelik önerilerde bulunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Otizm
• Sosyal Tepkiler
• Sözel İfade
• Yüz İfadesi
• Jestler
• Tonlama

Kaynakça

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