Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 25 Sayı: 2, 311 - 328, 31.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.30627/cuilah.1757078

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Anglberger, A. J. J. (2008). Dynamic Deontic Logic and Its Paradoxes. Studia Logica, 89, 427–435.
  • Aristoteles (2011). Metafizik. (Ökten H. K. Yayıma Hazırlayan). Fikir Mimarları Dizisi 13 Aristoteles İçinde. Say Yayınları. Beller, S. (2008). Deontic Norms, Deontic Reasoning and Deontic Conditionals. Thinking & Reasoning, 14(4), 305–341.
  • Broersen, J. (2004). Action Negation and Alternative Reductions for Dynamic Deontic Logics. Journal of Applied Logic, 2(2), 153–168.
  • Carnielli, W. A., & Marcos, J. (2002). A Taxonomy of C-Systems. In Paraconsistency (pp. 1–94). CRC Press.
  • Chellas, B. F. (1980). Modal Logic: An Introduction. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Chisholm, R. M. (1963). Contrary-To-Duty Imperatives and Deontic Logic. Analysis, 24(2), 33–36.
  • Çilingir, L. (2018). Normatif Yargıların Mantıksal Statüsü. Felsefe Dünyası (68), 24–38. da Costa, N. C. A., & Carnielli, W. A. (1986). On Paraconsistent Deontic Logic. Philosophia, 16(3–4), 293–305.
  • Dignum, F., & Kuiper, R. (1997). Combining Dynamic Deontic Logic and Temporal Logic for the Specification of Deadlines. In Proceedings of the Thirtieth Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (Vol. 5, pp. 336–346). IEEE.
  • Feldman, F. (1986). Doing the Best We Can: An Essay in Informal Deontic Logic. Dordrecht: D. Reidel.
  • Føllesdal, D., & Hilpinen, R. (1971). Deontic Logic: An Introduction. In R. Hilpinen (Ed.), Deontic Logic: Introductory and Systematic Readings (pp. 1–35). Dordrecht: D. Reidel.
  • Goble, L. (2005). A Logic for Deontic Dilemmas. Journal of Applied Logic, 3(3–4), 461–483.
  • Grünberg, T. (2000). Sembolik Mantık El Kitabı II: Özel Mantık Sistemleri. Ankara: ODTÜ Geliştirme Vakfı Yayıncılık.
  • Hansen, J. (2005). Conflicting Imperatives and Dyadic Deontic Logic. Journal of Applied Logic, 3(3–4), 484–511.
  • Hansson, B. (1971). An Analysis of Some Deontic Logics. In S. Stenlund (Ed.), Logical Theory And Semantic Analysis (pp. 121–147). Dordrecht: D. Reidel.
  • Horty, J. F. (2001). Agency and Deontic Logic. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • İmamoğlugil, H. (2018). Klasik Mantıkta Akıl Yürütme: İstidlal. Araştırma Yayınları.
  • Loewer, B., & Belzer, M. (1983). Dyadic Deontic Detachment. Synthese, 54, 295–318.
  • Lokhorst, G. J. C. (1999). Ernst Mally’s Deontik (1926). Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic, 40(2), 174–193.
  • McNamara, P. (1996). Deontic Logic. In D. M. Gabbay & F. Guenthner (Eds.), Handbook Of Philosophical Logic (Vol. 8, pp. 73–148). Dordrecht: Kluwer.
  • Meyer, J.-J. C. (1988). A Different Approach to Deontic Logic: Deontic Logic Viewed As a Variant of Dynamic Logic. Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic, 29(1), 109–136.
  • Mishra, L., & Sarma, S. (2022). Tolerating Inconsistencies: A Study of Logic of Moral Conflicts. Bulletin of the Section of Logic, 51(3), 177–195.
  • Nute, D., & Yu, Y. (1997). Defeasible Deontic Logic. Fundamenta Informaticae, 32(1), 263–283.
  • Öner, N. (2011). Klasik Mantık (11. Baskı). İstanbul: Divan Kitap.
  • Özel, A. (2020). Tasdik Mantığı: Önermeler ve Mantıkî (Dedüktif) Kıyaslar. Bursa: Bursa Akademi Yayınları.
  • Priest, G. (1998). What is so Bad About Contradictions? The Journal of Philosophy, 95(8), 410–426.
  • Priest, G. (2002). Paraconsistent Logic. In D. Gabbay & F. Guenthner (Eds.), Handbook of Philosophical Logic (Vol. 6, pp. 287–393). Dordrecht: Kluwer.
  • Royakkers, L. M. M. (1998). Extending Deontic Logic for the Formalisation of Legal Rules. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.
  • Segerberg, K. (2009). Blueprint for a Dynamic Deontic Logic. Journal of Applied Logic, 7(4), 388–402.
  • van Fraassen, B. C. (1971). Values and the Heart’s Command. The Journal of Philosophy, 68(1), 5–26.
  • von Wright, G. H. (1971). A New System of Deontic Logic & Deontic Logic And The Theory of Conditions. In R. Hilpinen (Ed.), Deontic Logic: Introductory And Systematic Readings (pp. 105–120; 159–177). Dordrecht: D. Reidel.
  • von Wright, G. H. (1981). New Studies in Deontic Logic: Norms, Actions and The Foundations of Ethics. Dordrecht: Springer.
  • Willer, M. (2016). Dynamic Foundations for Deontic Logic. In N. Charlow & M. Chrisman (Eds.), Deontic Modality (pp. 324–354). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

A Paradigmatic Transformation in Deontic Logic: The Formal Representation of Conflicting Religious Obligations in Classical and Modern Frameworks

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 25 Sayı: 2, 311 - 328, 31.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.30627/cuilah.1757078

Öz

This study examines the normative function of the principle of non-contradiction within classical and modern deontic logic, in the context of conflicting religious obligations, through a comparative analysis, thereby exploring the paradigmatic shift that has taken place. In classical deontic logic, the principle of non-contradiction is established as an axiomatic precondition of logical consistency, and the validity of conflicting obligations within the same system is categorically excluded. This paradigm, which guarantees formal consistency, unfortunately fails to reflect the pluralistic and sometimes conflicting nature of normative reality by excluding the representation of religious obligations that cannot be applied simultaneously. In contrast, modern deontic approaches—particularly those involving conditional, dynamic, and conflict-tolerant systems—re-evaluate the principle of non-contradiction based on context, conditions, and semantic structures, thereby enabling the representation of conflicting religious norms. This study presents an exemplary theoretical groundwork for transitioning from the consistency-centred but exclusionary paradigm of classical deontic logic to modern approaches that are open to contradictions, highly contextually flexible, and have expanded representational capacity, through the formal representation of conflicting religious obligations.

Kaynakça

  • Anglberger, A. J. J. (2008). Dynamic Deontic Logic and Its Paradoxes. Studia Logica, 89, 427–435.
  • Aristoteles (2011). Metafizik. (Ökten H. K. Yayıma Hazırlayan). Fikir Mimarları Dizisi 13 Aristoteles İçinde. Say Yayınları. Beller, S. (2008). Deontic Norms, Deontic Reasoning and Deontic Conditionals. Thinking & Reasoning, 14(4), 305–341.
  • Broersen, J. (2004). Action Negation and Alternative Reductions for Dynamic Deontic Logics. Journal of Applied Logic, 2(2), 153–168.
  • Carnielli, W. A., & Marcos, J. (2002). A Taxonomy of C-Systems. In Paraconsistency (pp. 1–94). CRC Press.
  • Chellas, B. F. (1980). Modal Logic: An Introduction. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Chisholm, R. M. (1963). Contrary-To-Duty Imperatives and Deontic Logic. Analysis, 24(2), 33–36.
  • Çilingir, L. (2018). Normatif Yargıların Mantıksal Statüsü. Felsefe Dünyası (68), 24–38. da Costa, N. C. A., & Carnielli, W. A. (1986). On Paraconsistent Deontic Logic. Philosophia, 16(3–4), 293–305.
  • Dignum, F., & Kuiper, R. (1997). Combining Dynamic Deontic Logic and Temporal Logic for the Specification of Deadlines. In Proceedings of the Thirtieth Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (Vol. 5, pp. 336–346). IEEE.
  • Feldman, F. (1986). Doing the Best We Can: An Essay in Informal Deontic Logic. Dordrecht: D. Reidel.
  • Føllesdal, D., & Hilpinen, R. (1971). Deontic Logic: An Introduction. In R. Hilpinen (Ed.), Deontic Logic: Introductory and Systematic Readings (pp. 1–35). Dordrecht: D. Reidel.
  • Goble, L. (2005). A Logic for Deontic Dilemmas. Journal of Applied Logic, 3(3–4), 461–483.
  • Grünberg, T. (2000). Sembolik Mantık El Kitabı II: Özel Mantık Sistemleri. Ankara: ODTÜ Geliştirme Vakfı Yayıncılık.
  • Hansen, J. (2005). Conflicting Imperatives and Dyadic Deontic Logic. Journal of Applied Logic, 3(3–4), 484–511.
  • Hansson, B. (1971). An Analysis of Some Deontic Logics. In S. Stenlund (Ed.), Logical Theory And Semantic Analysis (pp. 121–147). Dordrecht: D. Reidel.
  • Horty, J. F. (2001). Agency and Deontic Logic. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • İmamoğlugil, H. (2018). Klasik Mantıkta Akıl Yürütme: İstidlal. Araştırma Yayınları.
  • Loewer, B., & Belzer, M. (1983). Dyadic Deontic Detachment. Synthese, 54, 295–318.
  • Lokhorst, G. J. C. (1999). Ernst Mally’s Deontik (1926). Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic, 40(2), 174–193.
  • McNamara, P. (1996). Deontic Logic. In D. M. Gabbay & F. Guenthner (Eds.), Handbook Of Philosophical Logic (Vol. 8, pp. 73–148). Dordrecht: Kluwer.
  • Meyer, J.-J. C. (1988). A Different Approach to Deontic Logic: Deontic Logic Viewed As a Variant of Dynamic Logic. Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic, 29(1), 109–136.
  • Mishra, L., & Sarma, S. (2022). Tolerating Inconsistencies: A Study of Logic of Moral Conflicts. Bulletin of the Section of Logic, 51(3), 177–195.
  • Nute, D., & Yu, Y. (1997). Defeasible Deontic Logic. Fundamenta Informaticae, 32(1), 263–283.
  • Öner, N. (2011). Klasik Mantık (11. Baskı). İstanbul: Divan Kitap.
  • Özel, A. (2020). Tasdik Mantığı: Önermeler ve Mantıkî (Dedüktif) Kıyaslar. Bursa: Bursa Akademi Yayınları.
  • Priest, G. (1998). What is so Bad About Contradictions? The Journal of Philosophy, 95(8), 410–426.
  • Priest, G. (2002). Paraconsistent Logic. In D. Gabbay & F. Guenthner (Eds.), Handbook of Philosophical Logic (Vol. 6, pp. 287–393). Dordrecht: Kluwer.
  • Royakkers, L. M. M. (1998). Extending Deontic Logic for the Formalisation of Legal Rules. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.
  • Segerberg, K. (2009). Blueprint for a Dynamic Deontic Logic. Journal of Applied Logic, 7(4), 388–402.
  • van Fraassen, B. C. (1971). Values and the Heart’s Command. The Journal of Philosophy, 68(1), 5–26.
  • von Wright, G. H. (1971). A New System of Deontic Logic & Deontic Logic And The Theory of Conditions. In R. Hilpinen (Ed.), Deontic Logic: Introductory And Systematic Readings (pp. 105–120; 159–177). Dordrecht: D. Reidel.
  • von Wright, G. H. (1981). New Studies in Deontic Logic: Norms, Actions and The Foundations of Ethics. Dordrecht: Springer.
  • Willer, M. (2016). Dynamic Foundations for Deontic Logic. In N. Charlow & M. Chrisman (Eds.), Deontic Modality (pp. 324–354). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

DEONTİK MANTIKTA PARADİGMATİK BİR DÖNÜŞÜM: ÇATIŞAN DİNİ YÜKÜMLÜLÜKLERİN KLASİK VE MODERN ÇERÇEVEDE BİÇİMSEL TEMSİLİ

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 25 Sayı: 2, 311 - 328, 31.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.30627/cuilah.1757078

Öz

Bu çalışmada, çelişmezlik ilkesinin klasik ve modern deontik mantık disiplini içindeki normatif işlevi, çatışan dini yükümlülükler bağlamında, karşılaştırmalı olarak ele alınarak, yaşanan paradigmatik dönüşüm incelenmektedir. Klasik deontik mantıkta çelişmezlik ilkesi, mantıksal tutarlılığın aksiyomatik bir önkoşulu olarak tesis edilmekte ve birbiriyle çatışan yükümlülüklerin aynı sistem içinde geçerliliği kesin surette dışlanmaktadır. Biçimsel tutarlılığı güvence altına alan bu paradigma, ne yazık ki eşzamanlı olarak uygulanması mümkün olmayan dini yükümlülüklerin temsilini sistem dışı bırakarak, normatif gerçekliğin çoğulcu ve zaman zaman çatışmalı doğasını yansıtmakta yetersiz kalmaktadır. Buna karşılık, modern deontik yaklaşımlar—özellikle koşullu, dinamik ve çelişkiye toleranslı sistemler—çelişmezlik ilkesini bağlama, koşula ve semantik yapılanmalara bağlı olarak yeniden değerlendirmekte, böylelikle birbiriyle çatışan dini normların temsilini mümkün kılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, çatışan dini yükümlülüklerin biçimsel temsili üzerinden, klasik deontik mantığın tutarlılık eksenli fakat dışlayıcı paradigmasından, çelişkilere açık, bağlamsal esnekliği yüksek ve temsil kapasitesi genişletilmiş modern yaklaşımlara geçişin örnek bir teorik zemini ortaya konulmaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Anglberger, A. J. J. (2008). Dynamic Deontic Logic and Its Paradoxes. Studia Logica, 89, 427–435.
  • Aristoteles (2011). Metafizik. (Ökten H. K. Yayıma Hazırlayan). Fikir Mimarları Dizisi 13 Aristoteles İçinde. Say Yayınları. Beller, S. (2008). Deontic Norms, Deontic Reasoning and Deontic Conditionals. Thinking & Reasoning, 14(4), 305–341.
  • Broersen, J. (2004). Action Negation and Alternative Reductions for Dynamic Deontic Logics. Journal of Applied Logic, 2(2), 153–168.
  • Carnielli, W. A., & Marcos, J. (2002). A Taxonomy of C-Systems. In Paraconsistency (pp. 1–94). CRC Press.
  • Chellas, B. F. (1980). Modal Logic: An Introduction. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Chisholm, R. M. (1963). Contrary-To-Duty Imperatives and Deontic Logic. Analysis, 24(2), 33–36.
  • Çilingir, L. (2018). Normatif Yargıların Mantıksal Statüsü. Felsefe Dünyası (68), 24–38. da Costa, N. C. A., & Carnielli, W. A. (1986). On Paraconsistent Deontic Logic. Philosophia, 16(3–4), 293–305.
  • Dignum, F., & Kuiper, R. (1997). Combining Dynamic Deontic Logic and Temporal Logic for the Specification of Deadlines. In Proceedings of the Thirtieth Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (Vol. 5, pp. 336–346). IEEE.
  • Feldman, F. (1986). Doing the Best We Can: An Essay in Informal Deontic Logic. Dordrecht: D. Reidel.
  • Føllesdal, D., & Hilpinen, R. (1971). Deontic Logic: An Introduction. In R. Hilpinen (Ed.), Deontic Logic: Introductory and Systematic Readings (pp. 1–35). Dordrecht: D. Reidel.
  • Goble, L. (2005). A Logic for Deontic Dilemmas. Journal of Applied Logic, 3(3–4), 461–483.
  • Grünberg, T. (2000). Sembolik Mantık El Kitabı II: Özel Mantık Sistemleri. Ankara: ODTÜ Geliştirme Vakfı Yayıncılık.
  • Hansen, J. (2005). Conflicting Imperatives and Dyadic Deontic Logic. Journal of Applied Logic, 3(3–4), 484–511.
  • Hansson, B. (1971). An Analysis of Some Deontic Logics. In S. Stenlund (Ed.), Logical Theory And Semantic Analysis (pp. 121–147). Dordrecht: D. Reidel.
  • Horty, J. F. (2001). Agency and Deontic Logic. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • İmamoğlugil, H. (2018). Klasik Mantıkta Akıl Yürütme: İstidlal. Araştırma Yayınları.
  • Loewer, B., & Belzer, M. (1983). Dyadic Deontic Detachment. Synthese, 54, 295–318.
  • Lokhorst, G. J. C. (1999). Ernst Mally’s Deontik (1926). Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic, 40(2), 174–193.
  • McNamara, P. (1996). Deontic Logic. In D. M. Gabbay & F. Guenthner (Eds.), Handbook Of Philosophical Logic (Vol. 8, pp. 73–148). Dordrecht: Kluwer.
  • Meyer, J.-J. C. (1988). A Different Approach to Deontic Logic: Deontic Logic Viewed As a Variant of Dynamic Logic. Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic, 29(1), 109–136.
  • Mishra, L., & Sarma, S. (2022). Tolerating Inconsistencies: A Study of Logic of Moral Conflicts. Bulletin of the Section of Logic, 51(3), 177–195.
  • Nute, D., & Yu, Y. (1997). Defeasible Deontic Logic. Fundamenta Informaticae, 32(1), 263–283.
  • Öner, N. (2011). Klasik Mantık (11. Baskı). İstanbul: Divan Kitap.
  • Özel, A. (2020). Tasdik Mantığı: Önermeler ve Mantıkî (Dedüktif) Kıyaslar. Bursa: Bursa Akademi Yayınları.
  • Priest, G. (1998). What is so Bad About Contradictions? The Journal of Philosophy, 95(8), 410–426.
  • Priest, G. (2002). Paraconsistent Logic. In D. Gabbay & F. Guenthner (Eds.), Handbook of Philosophical Logic (Vol. 6, pp. 287–393). Dordrecht: Kluwer.
  • Royakkers, L. M. M. (1998). Extending Deontic Logic for the Formalisation of Legal Rules. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.
  • Segerberg, K. (2009). Blueprint for a Dynamic Deontic Logic. Journal of Applied Logic, 7(4), 388–402.
  • van Fraassen, B. C. (1971). Values and the Heart’s Command. The Journal of Philosophy, 68(1), 5–26.
  • von Wright, G. H. (1971). A New System of Deontic Logic & Deontic Logic And The Theory of Conditions. In R. Hilpinen (Ed.), Deontic Logic: Introductory And Systematic Readings (pp. 105–120; 159–177). Dordrecht: D. Reidel.
  • von Wright, G. H. (1981). New Studies in Deontic Logic: Norms, Actions and The Foundations of Ethics. Dordrecht: Springer.
  • Willer, M. (2016). Dynamic Foundations for Deontic Logic. In N. Charlow & M. Chrisman (Eds.), Deontic Modality (pp. 324–354). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Toplam 32 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Mantık
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Zeynep Çelik 0000-0001-9874-1058

Gönderilme Tarihi 2 Ağustos 2025
Kabul Tarihi 28 Aralık 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 25 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Çelik, Z. (2025). DEONTİK MANTIKTA PARADİGMATİK BİR DÖNÜŞÜM: ÇATIŞAN DİNİ YÜKÜMLÜLÜKLERİN KLASİK VE MODERN ÇERÇEVEDE BİÇİMSEL TEMSİLİ. Çukurova Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi (ÇÜİFD), 25(2), 311-328. https://doi.org/10.30627/cuilah.1757078
AMA Çelik Z. DEONTİK MANTIKTA PARADİGMATİK BİR DÖNÜŞÜM: ÇATIŞAN DİNİ YÜKÜMLÜLÜKLERİN KLASİK VE MODERN ÇERÇEVEDE BİÇİMSEL TEMSİLİ. Çukurova Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi (ÇÜİFD). Aralık 2025;25(2):311-328. doi:10.30627/cuilah.1757078
Chicago Çelik, Zeynep. “DEONTİK MANTIKTA PARADİGMATİK BİR DÖNÜŞÜM: ÇATIŞAN DİNİ YÜKÜMLÜLÜKLERİN KLASİK VE MODERN ÇERÇEVEDE BİÇİMSEL TEMSİLİ”. Çukurova Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi (ÇÜİFD) 25, sy. 2 (Aralık 2025): 311-28. https://doi.org/10.30627/cuilah.1757078.
EndNote Çelik Z (01 Aralık 2025) DEONTİK MANTIKTA PARADİGMATİK BİR DÖNÜŞÜM: ÇATIŞAN DİNİ YÜKÜMLÜLÜKLERİN KLASİK VE MODERN ÇERÇEVEDE BİÇİMSEL TEMSİLİ. Çukurova Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi (ÇÜİFD) 25 2 311–328.
IEEE Z. Çelik, “DEONTİK MANTIKTA PARADİGMATİK BİR DÖNÜŞÜM: ÇATIŞAN DİNİ YÜKÜMLÜLÜKLERİN KLASİK VE MODERN ÇERÇEVEDE BİÇİMSEL TEMSİLİ”, Çukurova Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi (ÇÜİFD), c. 25, sy. 2, ss. 311–328, 2025, doi: 10.30627/cuilah.1757078.
ISNAD Çelik, Zeynep. “DEONTİK MANTIKTA PARADİGMATİK BİR DÖNÜŞÜM: ÇATIŞAN DİNİ YÜKÜMLÜLÜKLERİN KLASİK VE MODERN ÇERÇEVEDE BİÇİMSEL TEMSİLİ”. Çukurova Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi (ÇÜİFD) 25/2 (Aralık2025), 311-328. https://doi.org/10.30627/cuilah.1757078.
JAMA Çelik Z. DEONTİK MANTIKTA PARADİGMATİK BİR DÖNÜŞÜM: ÇATIŞAN DİNİ YÜKÜMLÜLÜKLERİN KLASİK VE MODERN ÇERÇEVEDE BİÇİMSEL TEMSİLİ. Çukurova Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi (ÇÜİFD). 2025;25:311–328.
MLA Çelik, Zeynep. “DEONTİK MANTIKTA PARADİGMATİK BİR DÖNÜŞÜM: ÇATIŞAN DİNİ YÜKÜMLÜLÜKLERİN KLASİK VE MODERN ÇERÇEVEDE BİÇİMSEL TEMSİLİ”. Çukurova Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi (ÇÜİFD), c. 25, sy. 2, 2025, ss. 311-28, doi:10.30627/cuilah.1757078.
Vancouver Çelik Z. DEONTİK MANTIKTA PARADİGMATİK BİR DÖNÜŞÜM: ÇATIŞAN DİNİ YÜKÜMLÜLÜKLERİN KLASİK VE MODERN ÇERÇEVEDE BİÇİMSEL TEMSİLİ. Çukurova Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi (ÇÜİFD). 2025;25(2):311-28.