Sera Tipi Bir Kurutucunun Tasarımı, İmalatı ve İlk Ölçüm Sonuçlarının Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Gıda kurutma, ürünlerden güvenli bir sınıra kadar nem alma işlemi olarak tanımlanmakta ve çok uzun yıllardan beri farklı yöntemler ile gerçekleştirilebilmektedir. En yaygın kullanılan açık sergi yönteminin (direk güneş altına serilerek) yanı sıra vakum kurutma, dondurarak kurutma, sera tipi kurutucu, mikrodalga kurutucu vb. gibi farklı yöntem ve teknolojileri içeren kurutucular da gıda kurutulması için kullanılabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, zorlanmış taşınımlı tünel tipi bir sera kurutucu ve iç bölmelere ayrılmış havalı bir güneş kolektöre sahip hibrit bir kurutucu tasarlanarak imal edilmiş ve ilk ölçümlerin değerlendirilebilmesi amacıyla Osmaniye iklim şartlarında bir gün boyunca üzüm kurutma deneyleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sistemde hava hızı, sıcaklık, nem, ışınım ve ürün ağırlığı gibi farklı parametreler ölçülerek kayıt altına alınmıştır. Çalışma sonunda, tasarlanıp kurulan sera tipi kurutma sisteminin sorunsuz bir şekilde çalıştığı görülmüştür. Sistemde yer alan farklı noktalardaki sıcaklık ve nem değerlerinin güneş ışınımına bağlı olarak deney süresince değişim gösterdiği, kolektör çıkışında yaklaşık 60 °C kurutma havası sıcaklığı elde edilebildiği ayrıca kurutulan üzümlerin toplam ağırlığından yaklaşık 200 g kaybetmiş olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Yapılan değerlendirmelerden, tasarlanan sera tipi kurutucunun gıda kurutma uygulamalarında etkin bir şekilde kullanılabileceği görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kurutma
• Sera tipi kurutucu
• Havalı güneş kolektörü
• Osmaniye

Design, Manufacturing and Evaluation of First Measurement Results of a Greenhouse Type Dryer

Öz

Food drying is defined as the dehumidification process from products to a safe limit and has been carried out with different methods for many years. In addition to the most widely used open sun method (under the direct sun), dryers with different method and technologies such as vacuum drying, freeze drying, greenhouse type dryer, microwave dryer, etc.) can be used for food drying. In this study, a hybrid dryer, which have an internally divided air solar collector to a forced convection and tunnel type greenhouse dryer, was designed and manufactured. To evaluate the first measurements in the study, grape drying experiments were carried out for one day in Osmaniye climatic conditions. Different parameters, such as air velocity, temperature, humidity, radiation, and product weight, were measured and recorded in the system. At the end of the study, it was seen that the greenhouse type drying system works without any problems. It has been determined that the temperature and humidity values at different points in the system vary during the experiment depending on solar radiation and can obtain a drying air temperature of about 60 °C at the collector outlet. In addition, it was determined that the dried grapes lost about 200 g of their total weight. It has been seen from the evaluations that the designed greenhouse type dryer can be used effectively in food drying applications.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Dryer
• Greenhouse type dryer
• Solar air collector
• Osmaniye

Kaynakça

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