Biokütle Tipi Kurulu Atık Su Arıtma Tesisinin Enerji Geri Kazanım Analizi

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 38 Sayı: 1, 169 - 184, 30.03.2023

Akın İlhan

https://doi.org/10.21605/cukurovaumfd.1273770

Öz

Enerji üretimi, biyokütle teknolojisi olarak adlandırılan bitki, hayvan veya bazen insan materyalinden de elde edilebilir. Biyokütle hammaddesi, bilinçli olarak yetiştirilen enerji bitkilerinden, gıda mahsullerinin atıklarından, ağaç veya orman artıklarından, bahçecilikten, hayvancılıktan, gıda işlemeden veya kanalizasyon tesislerinden kaynaklanan insan atıklarından elde edilebilir. Bu çalışmada, kurulu bir atık su arıtma tesisinin enerji geri kazanım analizi yapılmıştır. Yani, çalışmada, atık su arıtma tesisinden elde edilebilecek enerji geri kazanımının fiziksel ve kimyasal analizleri netleştirilmiştir. Bu kapsamda, günlük atık su giriş suyu debisi, atık su giriş suyu 24 saatlik ortalama sıcaklığı, atık su giriş suyu 24 saatlik pH ortalaması, atık su giriş suyu 24 saatlik iletkenlik ortalaması, gaz jeneratörü günlük gaz tüketimi, dizel jeneratörü günlük enerji üretimi, şehir hattından gerçekleştirilen günlük enerji tüketimi, gaz jeneratörü enerji üretimi, su arıtma tesisinin toplam enerji tüketimi ve arıtma tesisinin günlük gaz üretimi gibi parametreler tespit edilmiştir. Tesisin su arıtımını sağlama görevi vardır, bu nedenle tesiste, kayda değer bir enerji tüketiminin oluşabileceği beklenen bir durumdur. Ancak, insan atığı üzerinde gerçekleştirilen yakma işlemlerinin sağladığı biokütle teknolojisi ile enerjinin ne kadarının geri kazanılabileceği hususu önemlidir. Yani, bu çalışmada tesisin tükettiği toplam enerjinin %78,29'unun arıtma tesisinde meydana gelen bu işlemlerle geri kazanıldığı rapor edilmiştir. Öte yandan, Türkiye'nin bu kurulu santralinde geri kazanılan bu enerji miktarının toplam 14.200 GWh'ye karşılık geldiği bildirildi. Geri kazanılan enerji miktarının yanı sıra, biokütle enerji üretiminden sorumlu olan metan gazı miktarının deşarjı da dikkate alınan fiziksel ve kimyasal parametrelere göre analiz edilmiştir. Örneğin, yapılan analizler, atık su sıcaklığının artmasının metan gazı oluşum miktarının azalmasına neden olduğunu göstermiştir. Öte yandan, iletkenlik ve asitlik derecesinin artması ise metan gazı üretim miktarının artmasına neden olmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Biokütle, Enerji geri kazanımı, Gaz jeneratörü, Atık su arıtma

Energy Recovery Analysıs of A Biomass Type of Installed Waste Water Treatment Plant

Öz

Energy production can also be obtained from plant, animal or sometimes human material, referred to be the biomass technology. The biomass raw material can be obtained from purposely grown energy crops, waste from food crops, wood or forest residues, horticulture, animal farming, food processing, or human waste from sewage plants. In this study, energy recovery analysis of an installed waste water treatment plant was conducted. The physical and chemical analyses of energy recovery that can be obtained from waste water treatment plant were clarified. In this regards, parameters including daily wastewater inlet water flow rate, wastewater inlet water 24 hourly average temperature, wastewater inlet water 24 hourly pH average, wastewater inlet water 24 hourly conductivity average, gas generator daily gas consumption, diesel generator daily energy generation, daily energy consumption from the city line, gas generator energy generation, total energy consumption of the water treatment plant, and daily gas generation of the treatment plant were identified. The plant has the duty of providing water treatment, so it is certain that noteworthy energy consumption in the plant can occur is an expected situation. However, the point that how much of the energy can be regained by the biomass technology provided by the burning processes conducted on the human waste is important. Namely, it is reported in this study that 78.29% of the total energy consumed by the plant was regained by these processes occurred in the treatment facility. On the other hand, this amount of recovered energy was reported to correspond a total of 14.200 GWh in this installed plant of Turkey. Apart from the amount of the recovered energy, the discharge of the amount of the methane gas which is responsible of the biomass energy generation was also analyzed according to the considered physical and chemical parameters. For instance, the analyses have shown that the increase of the waste water temperature causes decrease on the amount of the methane gas generation. On the other hand, the conductivity and the degree of acidity increase resulted the increase of the amount of the methane gas production.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Biomass, Energy recovery, Gas generator, Waste water treatment

Kaynakça

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