Çocukluk çağı tik bozukluklarının sosyodemografik ve klinik özellikleri

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 44 Sayı: Ek 1, 251 - 262, 29.12.2019

Perihan Çam Ray , Gonca Gül Çelik , Ayşegül Tahiroğlu , Çağlar Charles Daniel Jaicks Ayşe Avcı

https://doi.org/10.17826/cumj.628103

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, tik bozukluğu tanısı alan çocuk ve ergenlerin sosyodemografik verileri, klinik özellikleri ve eşlik eden diğer ruhsal bozuklukların araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. 

Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya, Tik Bozukluğu tanısı olan 4-18 yaş aralığında 187 olgu alındı. Ruhsal belirtilerin taranması amacı ile Okul Çağı Çocukları İçin Duygulanım Bozuklukları ve Şizofreni Görüşme Çizelgesi-Şimdi ve Yaşam boyu Şekli Türkçe uyarlaması ÇDŞG-ŞY (K-SADS-PL), Tik belirti şiddeti için, Yale Genel Tik Ağırlığını Derecelendirme Ölçeği (YGTDÖ) kullanıldı. Olguların demografik bilgileri ve ailesel hastalık öyküleri kaydedildi. 

Bulgular: Çalışmaya, ortalama yaşı 10,9±2,6 yaş olan, 37 kız (ortalama 10,9±2,5 yaş) ve 150 erkek (ortalama 10,9±2,7 yaş) olgu alındı. Tik Bozukluğu alt tipine göre olguların 135’i (%72,2) Tourette Sendromu, %26,7’si (n=50) motor tik bozukluğu, 2’si (%1,1) bunların dışında bir tik bozukluğu tanısı aldı. Tik Bozukluğu alt tipine göre olguların ortalama yaşı, ilk belirti yaşı açısından iki grup arasında anlamlı fark yoktu. Olguların % 91’inde tiklerin başlangıç yaşı, 12 yaş ve altında idi.  Kızlara göre erkekler arasında en az bir eş tanıya sahip olma oranı, ortalama eş tanı sayısı ve dikkat eksikliği hiperaktivite bozukluğu (DEHB) eş tanı oranı anlamlı biçimde daha fazlaydı. En sık görülen eş tanılar, DEHB (n=142, %75,9), obsesif kompulsif bozukluk (OKB) (n=108, %57,8) ve anksiyete bozukluğu (n=57, %30,4) idi. 

Sonuç: Çalışmamızda, çocukluk çağı tik bozukluklarında erkek olgu, erken başlangıç ve çoklu eş tanıların belirgin düzeyde yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Tik bozukluğu, Tourette Sendromu, fenomenoloji, çocukluk çağı

Destekleyen Kurum

ÇALIŞMAMIZIN FİNANSAL DESTEĞİ YOKTUR

Teşekkür

YOK

Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of childhood tic disorders

Öz

Purpose: In this study, we aimed to investigate the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of children and adolescents diagnosed with tic disorders.

Materials and Methods: The study population included 187 children with tic disorders, aged between 4 and 18 years. The data were obtained by using Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS), Screen for Child Anxiety and Related Disorders, Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Age Children-Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL). The demographic information, history of familial diseases were recorded. 

Results: The study included 37 girls (mean 10.9 ± 2.5 years) and 150 boys (mean 10.9 ± 2.7 years) with a mean age of 10.9 ± 2.6 years. Of all cases, 135 were classified as Tourette Syndrome (n=135; 72,2%), 50 as motor tics (n=50; 26,7 %) and 2 as others tic disorders (n=2; 1,1%) according to the diagnostic tic disorders subtype. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of mean age and first symptom age according to the subtype of tic disorder. In 91% of the cases, the age of onset of tics was 12 years or younger. The rate of having at least one comorbidity, mean number of comorbidities and comorbid ADHD rates were significantly higher among boys than girls. The most common comorbid diagnoses were ADHD (n=142, 75.9%), OCD (n= 08, 57.8%) and anxiety disorder (n=57, 30.4%). 

Conclusion: In our study, male cases, early onset and multiple comorbid diagnoses were found to be significantly higher in childhood tic disorders. 

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