DIŞ ÇÜRÜĞÜ DENEYIMI VE PERIODONTAL DURUM ARASINDAKI ILIŞKININ DEĞERLENDIRILMESI

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 32 Sayı: 2, 137 - 142, 17.04.2022

Ayşegül Demirbaş Fatma Yılmaz

https://doi.org/10.17567/ataunidfd.1038995

Cited By: 1

Öz

ÖZ
Amaç: Bu çalışmada çürük ve periodontal hastalığa sebep olan etiyolojik faktörler incelenerek; çürük deneyimi ile periodontal durum arasındaki ilişkinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntemler: Çalışmada gönüllü katılan 103 hastanın (20-69 yaş) sosyodemografik özellikleri, sistemik sağlık durumları, yeme alışkanlıkları, diş bakım rutinleri ile ağız-diş problemlerine ilişkin verileri toplandı. Hastaların çürük deneyimi diş çürüğü indeksleri (DMFT) ile; periodontal durumları toplum periodontal durum indeksi (CPI), dişlerdeki eklenti miktarını ölçen Quikley-Hein ve Turesky plak indeksi (TQHPI) ve dişeti enflamasyonunu ölçen gingival indeks (GI) ile belirlendi. Çürük deneyimi ve periodontal durumla ilişkili olabilecek faktörlerin etkisi Mann-Whitney U ve Kruskal Wallis testi ile değerlendirildi. Diş çürüğü ile periodontal durum indeksleri arasındaki ilişkinin değerlendirilmesinde Spearman Korelasyon testi uygulandı.
Bulgular: 20-29 yaş grubunda DMFT ortalaması 8,62, CPI değerleri ortalaması 1,69 iken; 50-59 yaş grubunda DMFT ortalaması 13,24, CPI değerleri ortalaması 2,1 olarak tespit edildi. Katılımcıların yaş dağılımları ve diş fırçalama sıklığının hem DMFT indeksi, hem de CPI değerlerini anlamlı derecede etkilediği tespit edildi (P < ,05). Eğitim durumuyla CPI değerleri arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulundu (P < ,05). Ancak DMFT indeksi ile CPI, TQHPI ve GI değişkenleri arasında anlamlı bir korelasyon bulunmadı.
Sonuç: Diş çürüğü ve periodontal hastalıklar düzensiz ağız bakım alışkanlıkları ve kötü ağız hijyeni gibi ortak etiyolojik faktörlere sahip gibi görünse de, temel risk faktörleri farklıdır. Tüm bireyler için bu hastalıklara sebep olan tek bir değişkenden bahsetmek doğru değildir. Konu ile ilgili daha kapsamlı epidemiyolojik çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Diş çürüğü, periodontal hastalık, DMFT, toplum periodontal durum indeksi, gingival indeks, plak indeksi

Abstract
Objective: In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the relationship between caries experience and periodontal status by examining the etiological factors causing caries and periodontal disease.
Methods: In this study, the data on sociodemographic characteristics, systemic health conditions, eating habits, dental care routines, and oral and dental problems of the 103 voluntary patients (ages 20-69) were collected. The caries experience of the patients was measured with the dental caries indices (DMFT). In order to evaluate their periodontal status, measurements were made with the community periodontal status index (CPI); the Quikley-Hein and Turesky plaque index (TQHPI), which measures the amount of attachment in the teeth; and the gingival index (GI) that measures gingival inflammation. The effect of factors that may be related to the caries experience and periodontal status were evaluated using the Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal Wallis test. Spearman Correlation test was used to evaluate the relationship among DMFT indices and periodontal status indexes.
Results: While the mean DMFT value is 8.62 and the mean CPI value is 1.69 in 20-29 ages-group; in 50-59 ages-group, the mean DMFT value was 13.24, and the mean CPI value was 2.1. It was determined that the age distribution and the frequency of tooth brushing of the participants affected both DMFT and CPI values significantly (P < .05). A significant correlation was found between education status and CPI values (P < .05). However, there was no significant correlation between DMFT indices and CPI, TQHPI and GI variables.
Conclusion: Although tooth decay and periodontal diseases seem to have common etiological factors such as irregular oral care habits and poor oral hygiene, the major risk factors are different and it is not correct to mention a single variable that causes these diseases for all individuals. More comprehensive epidemiological studies are needed on the subject.
Keywords: Tooth decay, periodontal disease, DMFT, community periodontal status index, gingival index, plaque index

Anahtar Kelimeler

Diş çürüğü, periodontal hastalık, DMFT, toplum periodontal durum indeksi, gingival indeks, plak indeksi

Kaynakça

• 1. Jepsen S, Blanco J, Buchalla W, et al. Prevention and control of dental caries and periodontal diseases at individual and population level: Consensus report of group 3 of joint EFP/ORCA workshop on the boundaries between caries and periodontal diseases. J Clin Periodontol. 2017;44(Suppl 18):85-93. [Crossref]
• 2. Kölüş T, Ülker HE. Caries and restorative materials from past to present. Curr Res Dent Sci. 2021;31(1):130-137. [Crossref]
• 3. Popova C, Dosseva-Panova V, Panov V. Microbiology of periodontal diseases. A review. Biotechnol Biotechnol Equip. 2013;27:3754-3759. [Crossref]
• 4. Figuero E, Nobrega DF, García-Gargallo M, Tenuta LM, Herrera D, Carvalho JC. Mechanical and chemical plaque control in the simultaneous management of gingivitis and caries: A systematic review. J Clin Periodontol. 2017;44(Suppl 18):116-134. [Crossref]
• 5. Watt RG, Petersen PE. Periodontal health through public health-the case for oral health promotion. Periodontol 2000. 2012;60(1):147-155. [Crossref]
• 6. Sälzer S, Alkilzy M, Slot DE, Dörfer CE, Schmoeckel J, Splieth CH, Chairs of Working Group 3; ORCA. Socio-behavioural aspects in the prevention and control of dental caries and periodontal diseases at an individual and population level. J Clin Periodontol. 2017;44(Suppl 18):106-115. [Crossref]
• 7. Albandar JM, Buischi YA, Axelsson P. Caries lesions and dental restorations as predisposing factors in the progression of periodontal diseases in adolescents. A 3-year longitudinal study. J Periodontol. 1995;66(4):249-254. [Crossref]
• 8. Mattila PT, Niskanen MC, Vehkalahti MM, Nordblad A, Knuuttila ML. Prevalence and simultaneous occurrence of periodontitis and dental caries. J Clin Periodontol. 2010;37(11):962-967. [Crossref]
• 9. Kinane DF, Jenkins WM, Adonogianaki E, Murray GD. Cross-sectional assessment of caries and periodontitis risk within the same subject. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 1991;19(2):78-81. [Crossref]
• 10. Sioson PB, Furgang D, Steinberg LM, Fine DH. Proximal caries in juvenile periodontitis patients. J Periodontol. 2000;71(5):710-716. [Crossref]
• 11. Frentzen M, Schüler N, Nolden R. Correlation between caries prevalence (DMFS) and periodontal condition (CPITN) in more than 2000 patients. Int Dent J. 1990;40(5):313-318.
• 12. Ramfjord SP. The periodontal status of boys 11 to 17 years old in Bombay, India. J Periodontol. 1961;32:237-248. [Crossref]
• 13. Fine D, Goldberg D, Karol R. Caries levels in patients with juvenile periodontitis. Ramfjord SP. The periodontal status of boys 11 to 17 years old in Bombay, India. J Periodontol. 1984;55(4):242-246. [Crossref]
• 14. Gökalp S, Güçiz Doğan B, Tekçiçek M, Berberoğlu A, Ünlüer Ş. The oral health profile of adults and elderly, Turkey-2004. Hacettepe Diş Hek Fak Derg. 2007;31(4):11-18.
• 15. Petersen P, Baez R. Oral Health Surveys Basic Methods. 5th ed. Switzerland: World Health Organization: 2013. p. 47-51.
• 16. Oliver RC, Brown LJ, Löe H. Periodontal treatment needs. Periodontol 2000. 1993;2(1):150-160. [Crossref]
• 17. Turesky S, Gilmore ND, Glickman I. Reduced plaque formation by the chloromethyl analogue of victamine C. J Periodontol. 1970;41(1):41-43. [Crossref]
• 18. Silness J, Löe H. Periodontal disease in pregnancy II. Correlation between oral hygiene and periodontal condition. Acta Odontol Scand. 1964;22:121-135. [Crossref]
• 19. Haworth S, Shungin D, Kwak SY, et al. Tooth loss is a complex measure of oral disease: Determinants and methodological considerations. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2018;46(6):555-562. [Crossref]
• 20. Beikler T, Flemmig TF. Oral biofilm-associated diseases: trends and implications for quality of life, systemic health and expenditures. Periodontol 2000. 2011;55(1):87-103. [Crossref]
• 21. Aida J, Ando Y, Akhter R, Aoyama H, Masui M, Morita M. Reasons for permanent tooth extractions in Japan. J Epidemiol. 2006;16(5):214-219. [Crossref]
• 22. McCaul L, Jenkins W, Kay E. The reasons for extraction of permanent teeth in Scotland: a 15-year follow-up study. Br Dent J. 2001;190(12):658-662. [Crossref]
• 23. Martínez M, Montero E, Carasol M, et al. Association between caries and periodontal diseases in a sample of employed adults in Spain: A cross-sectional study. Clin Oral Invest. 2021;25(6):3957-3966. [Crossref]
• 24. Dani S, Prabhu A, Chaitra K, Desai N, Patil SR, Rajeev R. Assessment of Streptococcus mutans in healthy versus gingivitis and chronic periodontitis: A clinico-microbiological study. Contemp Clin Dent. 2016;7(4):529-534. [Crossref]
• 25. Strauss FJ, Espinoza I, Stähli A, et al. Dental caries is associated with severe periodontitis in Chilean adults: a cross-sectional study. BMC Oral Health. 2019;19(1):278. [Crossref]
• 26. Newton JT, Bower EJ. The social determinants of oral health: new approaches to conceptualizing and researching complex causal networks. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2005;33(1):25-34. [Crossref]
• 27. Şahin S, Saygun I, Enhoş Ş, Akyol M, Altuğ A, Tekbaş ÖF. The evaluation of the effect of educational status on oral health in young adult males. Acta Odontol Turc. 2009;26(3):133-139.
• 28. Vano M, Gennai S, Karapetsa D, et al. The influence of educational level and oral hygiene behaviours on DMFT index and CPITN index in an adult Italian population: an epidemiological study. Int J Dent Hyg. 2015;13(2):151-157. [Crossref]
• 29. Saraçoğlu A, Kümbüloğlu Ö, Hatipoğlu HA, User A. Relationship between social status, caries and periodontal disorder prevalence in dental students (an epidemiological study). Cumhuriyet Dent J. 2007;10(1):10-15.
• 30. Attin T, Hornecker E. Tooth brushing and oral health: how frequently and when should tooth brushing be performed? Oral Health Prev Dent. 2005;3(3):135-140.
• 31. Scannapieco FA, Dongari-Bagtzoglou A. Dysbiosis revisited. Understanding the role of the oral microbiome in the pathogenesis of gingivitis and periodontitis: A critical assessment. J Periodontol. 2021;92(8):1071-1078. [Crossref]
• 32. Preza D, Olsen I, Aas JA, Willumsen T, Grinde B, Paster BJ. Bacterial profiles of root caries in elderly patients. J Clin Microbiol. 2008;46(6):2015-2021. [Crossref]
• 33. Van der Reijden W, Dellemijn-Kippuw N, Stijne-van Nes A, De Soet J, Van Winkelhoff A. Mutans streptococci in subgingival plaque of treated and untreated patients with periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol. 2001;28(7):686-691. [Crossref]
• 34. Loesche W, Syed S, Schmidt E, Morrison E. Bacterial profiles of subgingival plaques in periodontitis. J Periodontol. 1985;56(8):447-456. [Crossref]
• 35. Rickard AH, Palmer Jr RJ, Blehert DS, et al. Autoinducer 2: a concentration-dependent signal for mutualistic bacterial biofilm growth. Mol Microbiol. 2006;60(6):1446-1456. [Crossref]
• 36. De Soete M, Dekeyser C, Pauwels M, Teughels W, van Steenberghe D, Quirynen M. Increase in cariogenic bacteria after initial periodontal therapy. J Dent Res. 2005;84(1):48-53. [Crossref]
• 37. Jafer M, Patil S, Hosmani J, Bhandi SH, Chalisserry EP, Anil S. Chemical plaque control strategies in the prevention of biofilm-associated oral diseases. J Contemp Dent Pract. 2016;17(4):337-343. [Crossref]
• 38. Moore W, Moore L, Ranney R, Smibert R, Burmeister J, Schenkein H. The microflora of periodontal sites showing active destructive progression. J Clin Periodontol. 1991;18(10):729-739. [Crossref]
• 39. Iwano Y, Sugano N, Matsumoto K, et al. Salivary microbial levels in relation to periodontal status and caries development. J Periodontal Res. 2010;45(2):165-169. [Crossref]
• 40. Zero DT. Dental caries process. Dent Clin North Am. 1999;43:635-664.
• 41. Ravald N, Hamp SE, Birkhed D. Long-term evaluation of root surface caries in periodontally treated patients. J Clin Periodontol. 1986;13(8):758-767. [Crossref]