ABD-RUSYA REKABETİ VE ARKTİK’TE DEĞİŞEN STRATEJİK DENGELER

Öz

Bu çalışma, Arktik bölgesindeki hızla değişen jeopolitik dinamikleri, özellikle Amerika ve Rusya arasındaki güç rekabetini incelemektedir. Son yıllarda, bölge, küresel ısınmanın etkisiyle değişen çevresel koşulların tetiklediği stratejik ve ekonomik fırsatlar nedeniyle uluslararası ilişkiler disiplininde yoğun bir ilgi odağı haline gelmiştir. İklim değişikliği, eriyen buzullar ve yeni deniz ticaret yollarının ortaya çıkışı, bölgeyi enerji kaynakları, ticaret ve askeri strateji açısından küresel güç dengelerinin merkezine taşımaktadır. Çalışmada, ABD ve Rusya’nın Arktik politikaları, resmi belgeler, akademik yayınlar ve uluslararası raporlar temel alınarak karşılaştırmalı bir perspektifle analiz edilmiştir. Bu bağlamda, ABD'nin NATO iş birliğiyle bölgedeki askeri varlığını artırma çabaları ile Rusya’nın KDR üzerindeki hâkimiyet stratejisi karşılaştırılmıştır. Rekabetin yalnızca bölgesel değil, küresel güvenlik, enerji piyasaları ve uluslararası ilişkiler üzerinde derin etkiler yaratabileceği değerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca, bölgedeki altyapı eksiklikleri ve çevresel riskler gibi zorluklar ele alınmış, bu sorunların stratejik planlama ve uluslararası iş birliği ile çözülebileceği vurgulanmıştır. Çalışma, Arktik’in karmaşık jeopolitik yapısını anlamaya ve bölgenin küresel dengelerdeki önemini ortaya koymaya yönelik bir analiz sunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Arktik Jeopolitiği
• ABD-Rusya Rekabeti
• Kuzey Deniz Rotası
• Enerji Kaynakları
• Askeri Strateji

U.S. - RUSSIA RIVALRY AND CHANGING STRATEGIC BALANCES IN THE ARCTIC

Öz

This study examines the rapidly evolving geopolitical dynamics in the Arctic region, with a particular focus on the power rivalry between the United States and Russia. In recent years, the Arctic has become a focal point within the discipline of international relations, due to the strategic and economic opportunities that have been created by changing environmental conditions, as a result of global warming. The effects of climate change, including glacial melting and the emergence of new maritime trade routes, have positioned the region at the centre of global power shifts in terms of energy resources, trade and military strategy. This study employs a comparative approach to examine the Arctic policies of the United States and Russia, drawing upon a range of sources, including official documents, academic publications, and international reports, to provide a comprehensive analysis of these policies. In this context, the United States' efforts to increase its military presence in the region in cooperation with the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and Russia's strategy of dominance over the Northern Sea Route are compared. The analysis suggests that the rivalry may have profound effects on regional and global security, energy markets and international relations. Furthermore, the discussion addresses the challenges posed by inadequate infrastructure and environmental risks in the region, emphasising that these issues can be addressed through strategic planning and international collaboration. The study offers a comprehensiveanalysis aimed at understanding the Arctic’s intricate geopolitical landscape, elucidating the significance of the region in global equilibrium.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• US-Russia Rivalry
• Arctic Geopolitics
• Northern Sea Route
• Military StrategyX
• Energy Resources

Kaynakça

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