Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu Olan Bireylerde Sosyal Öykü Kullanımı: Alanyazın Taraması

Yıl 2010, Cilt: 19 Sayı: 2, 1 - 17, 01.06.2010

Arş. Gör. Özcan Karaaslan Metehan Kutlu

Öz

Autism Spectrum Disorder ASD is the cognitive structure abnormality situation that appears during the first three years of life It is described as the developmental deficiency that affects the social interactional communicational and cognitive functional development of the brain National Research Council [NRC] 2001 ASD that is four times more common in boys than girls is seen in one 1 of 150 children Centers for Disease Control Prevention 2009 Along with many other applications there are most commonly used evidence based practices such as Applied Behavioral Analysis Picture Exchange Communication System PECS and Social Stories for solving children 8217;s communication and social problems The basic aim of this study is to do an extensive literature review that covers the effectiveness of 8220;Social Stories 8221; which is one of the evidence based practices for improving the communication and social behavior skills of the children with ASD and it is also aimed to build a base for future scientific studies Key Words: Autism Autism Spectrum Disorder Social Story

Anahtar Kelimeler

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OTİZM SPEKTRUM BOZUKLUĞU OLAN BİREYLERDE SOSYAL ÖYKÜ KULLANIMI: ALANYAZIN TARAMASI

Öz

Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu (OSB), genellikle 3 yaşından önce ortaya çıkan ve kişilerin
sosyal etkileşim, iletişim becerileri ve diğer bilişsel işlevlerinin gerçekleştirme
düzeylerini olumsuz yönde etkileyen nöro-biyolojik kökenli bir yetersizliktir (National
Research Council [NRC], 2001). Erkeklerde kızlardan dört kat daha fazla görülen otizm
spektrum bozukluğu her 150 çocuktan birinde görülmektedir (Centers for Disease
Control Prevention, 2009). Günümüzde bu çocuklara yönelik bilimsel dayanıklı
uygulamalardan, OSB’li çocuklarda iletişim, sosyal ve sınırlı yinelenen tekrarlı
davranışlara yönelik uygulamalı davranış analizi, PECS (Picture Exchange
Communication System), sosyal öyküler gibi bilimsel dayanaklı uygulamalar sıklıkla
yapılmaktadır. Yapılan bu çalışma ile, ilgili konuda bilimsel dayanaklı uygulamalardan
olan sosyal öykülerin, OSB’li çocukların sosyal beceriler edinimleri üzerindeki
etkililiğine yönelik alan yazında yapılmış çalışmaların ortaya konulması ve bu konuda
ülkemizde gelecekte yapılacak araştırmalara ışık tutulması amaçlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Otizm, Otistik Spektrum Bozukluğu, Sosyal Öykü

Kaynakça

• Agosta, E., Graetz, J. E., Mastropieri, M. A. ve Scruggs, T. E. (2004), Teacher- Researcher Partnerships to Improve Social Behavior Through Social Stories. Intervention in School and Clinic, 39 (5), 276-287.
• Adams, L., Gouvousis, A., VanLue, M. ve Waldron, C. (2004), Social Story Improving Communiantion Skills in a Child with an Autism Spectrum Disorder. Focus on Autism and Other Dvelopmental Disabilities, 19(2), 87-94.
• Barry, L. M. ve Burlew, S. B. (2004), Using Social Stories to Teach Choice and Play Skills to Children with Autism. Focus on Autism and Other Dvelopmental Disabilities, 19(1), 45-51.
• Carbo, B. C. (2005). The use of social stories with individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders. Master Thesis, University of Deleware, Dissertation Abstracts International.
• Centers for Disease Control Prevention (2008). What is the prevalence of autism? http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/autism/faq_prevalence.htm’den 22.06.2009 tarihinde alınmıştır.
• Crozier, S. ve Sileo, N. M. (2005), Encouraging Positive Behavior with Social Stories, Teaching Exceptional Children, 37(6), 26-31
• Crozier, S. ve Tincani, M. J. (2005), Using a Modified Social Story to Decrease Disruptive Behavior of a Child with Autism. Focus on Autism and Other Dvelopmental Disabilities, 20(3), 150-157.
• Gray, C. A., & Garand, J. D. (1993). Social Stories: Improving responses of students with autism with accurate social information. Focus on Autistic Behavior,8, 1-10.
• Gray, C. A. (1995). Teaching children with autism to 'read' social situations. In K. A.
• Quill (Ed.), Teaching children with autism; strategies to enhance communication and
• socialization (pp. 219-242). Albany, NY: Delmar Pub
• Gray, C. (2000). The New Social Story Book. Arlington, TX: Future Horizons.
• Gray, C. (2004). Social Stories 10.0: The New Defining Criteria and Guidelines. The Jenison Autism Journal, 16(1), 2-21.
• Gut, D. M. ve Safran, S. P. (2002), Focus on Inclusion, Cooperative Learning and Social Storie: Effective Social Skills Strategies for Reading Teachers. Reading & Quarterly, 18, 87-91.
• Hagiwara,T., & Myles, B. S. (1999).A multimedia social story intervention:Teaching skills to children with autism. Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 14, 82-95.
• Kuoch, H. ve Mirenda, P. (2003), Social Story Interventions for Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders. Focus on Autism and Other Dvelopmental Disabilities, 18(4), 219-227.
• Kuttler, S., Myles, B., & Carlson, J. (1998). The use of social stories to reduce precursors to tantrum behavior in a student with autism. Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 13, 176-182.
• Lorimer, P., Simpson, R., Myles, B., & Ganz, J. (2002). The use of social stories as a preventive behavioral intervention in a home setting with a child with autism. Journal of Positive Behavioral Interventions, 4, 53-60.
• National Research Council (2001). Educating Children with Autism, Washington,
• D.C.: National Academy Press.
• Ivey, M., Heflin, L., & Alberto, P. (2004). The use of social stories to promote independent behaviors in novel events for children with PDD-NOS. Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 19, 164-176.
• Rowe, Carol (1999), Do Social Benefit Children with Autism in Mainstream Primary Schools?. British Journal of Special Education, 26(1).
• Scattone, D., Wilezynski, S.M. ve Edwards, R.P. (2002), Descreasing Disruptive Behaviours of Children with Autism Using Stories. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 32( 6).
• Sansosti, J. F., Powell-Smith, K. A. ve Kincaid, D. (2004), A Research Synthesis of Social Story Interventions for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders. Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 19(4), 194-204.