Covid-19 Salgını Sırasında Rezilyansın Çalışanların Yaşam Doyumu Üzerindeki Etkisi

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 21 Sayı: 46, 1 - 14, 12.12.2021

Elif Baykal

Öz

Covid-19 salgını tüm dünyada etkisini tam olarak sürdürürken, hem hükümetler hem de işverenler süreçle ilgili ciddi panik yaşamaktadırlar. Bireyler hastalanma korkusuyla büyük kaygı yaşamakta ve bu da insanları iş ortamında da rahatsız etmektedir. Bu çalışmada, pozitif psikologlar tarafından yaygın olarak kabul edilen dört psikolojik başkentten biri olan rezilyansın, bireylerin sıkıntılardan sıyrılıp iyileşme gücünün, Covid-19'un yarattığı travmatik süreçte çalışanların yaşam doyumunu deneyimlemede etkili olduğu varsayılmaktadır. Varsayılan ilişkiyi incelemek amacıyla 191 kişi üzerinde bir saha araştırması yapılmış ve verileri SPSS 20'de analiz edilmiştir. Sonuçlar, rezilyansı daha yüksek olan çalışanların Covid-19 sırasında daha yüksek yaşam doyumuna sahip olduğu varsayımını doğrulamıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Covid-19, Rezilyans, Yaşam Doyum

Kaynakça

• Abolghasemi, A., & Varaniyab, S. T. (2010). Resilience and perceived stress: Predictors of life satisfaction in the students of success and failure. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 5, 748–752.
• Akbar, M., Akram, M., Ahmed, M., Hussain, M. S., Lal, V., & Ijaz, S. (2014). Relationship between resilience and life satisfaction among nomadic. International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies, 6(3), 515.
• Avey, J. B., Luthans, F., & Jensen, S. M. (2009). Psychological capital: A positive resource for combating employee stress and turnover. Human Resource Management, 48(5), 677–693.
• Bardoel, E. A., Pettit, T. M., De Cieri, H., & McMillan, L. (2014). Employee resilience: an emerging challenge for HRM. Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources, 52(3), 279-297.
• Barrios, J. M., & Hochberg, Y. (2020). Risk perception through the lens of politics in the time of the covid-19 pandemic. National Bureau of Economic Research.
• Bentzen, J. (2020). In crisis, we pray: Religiosity and the COVID-19 pandemic.Covid Economics. 20(1), 52-109.
• Bentzen, J. S. (2019). Why are some societies more religious than others?. In Advances in the Economics of Religion (pp. 265-281). Palgrave Macmillan, Cham.
• Bonanno, G. A. (2004). Loss, trauma, and human resilience. American Psychologist, 59, 20–28.
• Bonanno, G. A. (2005). Resilience in the face of potential trauma. Current directions in psychological science, 14(3), 135-138.
• Bonanno, G. A., Galea, S., Bucciarelli, A., & Vlahov, D. (2007). What predicts psychological resilience after disaster? The role of demographics, resources, and life stress. Journal of consulting and clinical psychology, 75(5), 671.
• Brennen, J. S., Simon, F. M., Howard, P. N., & Nielsen, R. K. (2020). Types, sources, and claims of Covid-19 misinformation. Reuters Institute.
• Cohn, M. A., Fredrickson, B. L., Brown, S. L., Mikels, J. A., & Conway, A. M. (2009). Happiness unpacked: positive emotions increase life satisfaction by building resilience. Emotion, 9(3), 361.
• Conway, A. N., & McDonough, S. C. (2006). Emotional resilience in early childhood: Developmental antecedents and relations to behavior problems. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1094, 272–277.
• Corman, V. M., Landt, O., Kaiser, M., Molenkamp, R., Meijer, A., Chu, D. K., Bleicker, T., Brünink, S., Schneider, J., Schmidt, M. L., Mulders, D. G., Haagmans, B. L., van der
• Veer, B., van den Brink, S., Wijsman, L., Goderski, G., Romette, J.-L., Ellis, J., Zambon, M., & Drosten, C. (2020). Detection of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by real- time RT-PCR. Eurosurveillance 25, 2000045.
• Çetin, F., & Basim, H. N. (2012). Organizational psychological capital: A scale adaptation study. Public Administration Journal, 45(1), 121-137.
• Diener, E. D., Emmons, R. A., Larsen, R. J., & Griffin, S. (1985). The satisfaction with life scale. Journal of personality assessment, 49(1), 71-75.
• Folke, C., Carpenter, S. R., Walker, B., Scheffer, M., Chapin, T., & Rockström, J. (2010). Resilience thinking: integrating resilience, adaptability and transformability. Ecology and society, 15(4). 20-30.
• Fredrickson, B. L. (2001). The role of positive emotions in positive psychology: The broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions. American Psychologist, 56, 218–226.
• Fredrickson, B. L., & Branigan, C. A. (2005). Positive emotions broaden the scope of attention and thought-action repertoires. Cognition and Emotion, 19(3), 313– 332.
• Fredrickson, B. L., Cohn, M. A., Coffey, K. A., Pek, J., & Finkel, S. M. (2008). Open hearts build lives: Positive emotions, induced through loving–kindness meditation, build consequential personal resources. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 95, 1045–1062.
• Fredrickson, B. L., Tugade, M., Waugh, C. E., & Larkin, G. R. (2003). What good are positive emotions in crises? A prospective study of resilience and emotions following the terrorist attacks on the United States on September 11th, 2001. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84, 365–376.
• Galea, S., Merchant, R. M., & Lurie, N. (2020). The mental health consequences of COVID-19 and physical distancing: The need for prevention and early intervention. JAMA internal medicine, 180(6), 817-818.
• George, D., & Mallery, P. (2012). SPSS Statistics 21: Step by Step. Boston: Allynand Bacon.
• Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2013). Multivariate Data Analysis. Always learning.
• Ho, C. S., Chee, C. Y., & Ho, R. C. (2020). Mental health strategies to combat the psychological impact of COVID-19 beyond paranoia and panic. Ann Acad Med Singapore, 49(1), 1-3.
• Huang, Y., & Zhao, N. (2020). Generalized anxiety disorder, depressive symptoms and sleep quality during COVID-19 outbreak in China: a web-based cross-sectional survey. Psychiatry research, 112954.
• Kalisch, R., Baker, D. G., Basten, U., Boks, M. P., Bonanno, G. A., Brummelman, E., ... & Geuze, E. (2017). The resilience framework as a strategy to combat stress-related disorders. Nature human behaviour, 1(11), 784-790.
• Karatepe, O. M., & Karadas, G. (2015). Do psychological capital and work engagement foster frontline employees’ satisfaction? International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management. 27(6), 1254-1278
• Kong, F., Wang, X., Hu, S., & Liu, J. (2015). Neural correlates of psychological resilience and their relation to life satisfaction in a sample of healthy young adults. Neuroimage, 123, 165-172.
• Li, S., Wang, Y., Xue, J., Zhao, N., & Zhu, T. (2020). The impact of COVID-19 epidemic declaration on psychological consequences: a study on active Weibo users. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(6), 2032.
• Liu, Y., Wang, Z. H., & Li, Z. G. (2012). Affective mediators of the influence of neuroticism and resilience on life satisfaction. Personality and individual differences, 52(7), 833-838.
• Liu, Y., Wang, Z., Zhou, C., & Li, T. (2014). Affect and self-esteem as mediators between trait resilience and psychological adjustment. Personality and individual differences, 66, 92-97.
• Luthans, F., Avey, J. B., Avolio, B. J., Norman, S. M., & Combs, G. M. (2006). Psychological capital development: Toward a micro-intervention. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 27(3), 387–393.
• Mak, W. W. S., Ng, I. S. W., & Wong, C. C. Y. (2011). Resilience: Enhancing well-being through the positive cognitive triad. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 58, 610–617.
• Marques, A., Mota, J., Gaspar, T., & de Matos, M. G. (2017). Associations between self-reported fitness and self-rated health, life-satisfaction and health-related quality of life among adolescents. Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness, 15(1), 8-11.
• Masten, A. S., & Reed, M. J. (2002). Resilience in development. In C. R. Snyder & S. J. Lopez (Eds). Handbook of positive psychology (pp. 74–8). London: Oxford University Press.
• Nicola, M., Alsafi, Z., Sohrabi, C., Kerwan, A., Al-Jabir, A., Iosifidis, C., ... & Agha, R. (2020). The socio-economic implications of the coronavirus and COVID-19 pandemic: a review. International Journal of Surgery. 78(1), 185-193.
• Pargament, K. I. (2001). The psychology of religion and coping: Theory, research, practice. Guilford press.
• Pavot, W., & Diener, E. (2008). The satisfaction with life scale and the emerging construct of life satisfaction. The journal of positive psychology, 3(2), 137-152.
• Prayag, G., Spector, S., Orchiston, C., & Chowdhury, M. (2020). Psychological resilience, organizational resilience and life satisfaction in tourism firms: Insights from the Canterbury earthquakes. Current Issues in Tourism, 23(10), 1216-1233.
• Qiu, J., Shen, B., Zhao, M., Wang, Z., Xie, B., & Xu, Y. (2020). A nationwide survey of psychological distress among Chinese people in the COVID-19 epidemic: implications and policy recommendations. General psychiatry, 33(2).
• Ramesh, N., Siddaiah, A., & Joseph, B. (2020). Tackling corona virus disease 2019 (COVID 19) in workplaces. Indian Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 24(1), 16.
• Richardson, G. E. (2002). The metatheory of resilience and resiliency. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 58, 307-321.
• Roy, D., Tripathy, S., Kar, S. K., Sharma, N., Verma, S. K., & Kaushal, V. (2020). Study of knowledge, attitude, anxiety & perceived mental healthcare need in Indian population during COVID-19 pandemic. Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 102083.
• Russo, S. J., Murrough, J. W., Han, M.-H., Charney, D. S. & Nestler, E. J. (2012). Neurobiology of resilience. Nat. Neurosci. 15, 1475–1484
• Satici, B., Gocet-Tekin, E., Deniz, M. E., & Satici, S. A. (2020). Adaptation of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale: Its association with psychological distress and life satisfaction in Turkey. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 1.
• Sher, L., 2020. COVID-19, anxiety, sleep disturbances and suicide. Sleep Med. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2020.04.019
• Shi, M., Wang, X., Bian, Y., & Wang, L. (2015). The mediating role of resilience in the relationship between stress and life satisfaction among Chinese medical students: a cross-sectional study. BMC medical education, 15(1), 16.
• Slovic, P. (1987). Perception of risk. Science, 236(4799), 280-285.
• Strine, T. W., Chapman, D. P., Balluz, L. S., Moriarty, D. G., & Mokdad, A. H. (2008). The associations between life satisfaction and health-related quality of life, chronic illness, and health behaviors among US community-dwelling adults. Journal of community health, 33(1), 40-50.
• Tan, W., Hao, F., McIntyre, R. S., Jiang, L., Jiang, X., Zhang, L., ... & Zhang, Z. (2020). Is returning to work during the COVID-19 pandemic stressful? A study on immediate mental health status and psychoneuroimmunity prevention measures of Chinese workforce. Brain, behavior, and immunity. 0889-1591 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.055
• Torales, J., O’Higgins, M., Castaldelli-Maia, J. M., & Ventriglio, A. (2020). The outbreak of COVID-19 coronavirus and its impact on global mental health. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 0020764020915212.
• Trzebiński, J., Cabański, M., & Czarnecka, J. Z. (2020). Reaction to the COVID-19 pandemic: the influence of meaning in life, life satisfaction, and assumptions on world orderliness and positivity. Journal of Loss and Trauma, 1-14.
• Van Bavel, J. J., Baicker, K., Boggio, P. S., Capraro, V., Cichocka, A., Cikara, M., ... & Drury, J. (2020). Using social and behavioural science to support COVID-19 pandemic response. Nature Human Behaviour, 1-12.
• Wurm, S., Tomasik, M. J., & Tesch-Römer, C. (2008). Serious health events and their impact on changes in subjective health and life satisfaction: The role of age and a positive view on ageing. European Journal of Ageing, 5(2), 117-127.
• Yildirim, M., & Arslan, G. (2020). Exploring the associations between resilience, dispositional hope, subjective well-being, and psychological health among adults during early stage of COVID-19.
• Zhang, S. X., Wang, Y., Rauch, A., & Wei, F. (2020). Unprecedented disruption of lives and work: Health, distress and life satisfaction of working adults in China one month into the COVID-19 outbreak. Psychiatry research, 112958.
• Peteet, J. R. (2020). COVID-19 Anxiety. Journal of Religion and Health, 1.
• Shanafelt, T., Ripp, J., & Trockel, M. (2020). Understanding and addressing sources of anxiety among health care professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic. Jama, 323(21), 2133-2134.