Psikolojik Sağlamlığın Yaşam Doyumu Üzerindeki Etkisinde Dinî Yönelimin Aracı Rolü

Yıl 2025, Sayı: 69, 107 - 140, 31.12.2025

Muhammed Tosun

https://doi.org/10.15745/da.1756457

Öz

Bu araştırma bireylerin psikolojik iyi oluşlarını etkileyen temel değişkenleri anlamaya yönelik olarak psikolojik sağlamlık, yaşam doyumu ve dinî yönelim arasındaki ilişkileri incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Günümüzde hızlı toplumsal değişim bireyleri yalnızlık, stres, tükenmişlik, sosyal yabancılaşma ve depresyon gibi psikososyal sorunlar ile karşı karşıya bırakmaktadır. Bu durum, bireylerin olumsuz yaşam koşulları karşısında sergiledikleri başa çıkma kapasitelerinin ve psikolojik dayanıklılıklarının önemini her geçen gün daha da artırmaktadır. Psikolojik sağlamlık, bireyin zorlayıcı yaşam olaylarına karşı sergilediği direnç, uyum ve toparlanma kapasitesini ifade ederken yaşam doyumu, bireyin hayatını bilişsel olarak değerlendirme biçimini ve genel memnuniyet düzeyini yansıtmaktadır. Literatürde dinî yönelim bireyin inanç, değer ve dinî davranışlarını yaşama biçimini ifade etmektedir. Ayrıca psikolojik iyi oluş ile farklı şekillerde ilişkili olduğu kabul edilmektedir. Bu bağlamda araştırma, psikolojik sağlamlık ile yaşam doyumu arasındaki ilişkide dinî yönelimin (içsel, dışsal, katı kuralcı ve sorgulayıcı boyutlarıyla) nasıl bir rol oynadığını ve olası aracılık etkilerini ortaya koymayı hedeflemektedir. Çalışma, nicel araştırma yöntemine dayalı olarak tasarlanmış ve basit tesadüfi örnekleme yoluyla belirlenen 408 üniversite öğrencisinden (251 kadın, 157 erkek) elde edilen veriler üzerinden yürütülmüştür. Veri toplama sürecinde Kısa Psikolojik Sağlamlık Ölçeği, Yaşam Doyumu Ölçeği ve Yeniden Yapılandırılmış Müslüman Dinî Yönelim Ölçeği (MROS-R) kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler SPSS 25.0 programı ile analiz edilmiş, değişkenler arası ilişkiler Pearson korelasyon testi ile incelenmiş ve psikolojik sağlamlık ile yaşam doyumu arasındaki ilişkide dinî yönelim boyutlarının olası aracılık etkileri Hayes’in Process Macro Model 4 ve bootstrap temelli aracılık analizi ile test edilmiştir. Araştırma bulguları, psikolojik sağlamlığın yaşam doyumu üzerinde anlamlı ve pozitif bir etkisinin bulunduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Ayrıca içsel dinî yönelim ile yaşam doyumu arasında anlamlı ve pozitif bir ilişki saptanmış ve bu yönelimin psikolojik sağlamlık ile yaşam doyumu arasındaki ilişkide anlamlı bir aracı rol üstlendiği belirlenmiştir. Modelin açıklanan varyans oranı, yaşam doyumundaki değişimin %9,5’ini içsel dinî yönelim üzerinden açıklamaktadır. Buna karşılık dışsal, katı kuralcı ve sorgulayıcı dinî yönelimlerin yaşam doyumu üzerindeki doğrudan etkileri anlamlı bulunmamış, bu yönelimlerin psikolojik sağlamlık ile yaşam doyumu arasındaki ilişkide aracılık rolü de desteklenmemiştir. Bu bulgular, üniversite öğrencilerinde içsel dinî yönelimin psikolojik iyi oluşu destekleyen kritik bir faktör olduğunu ve yaşam doyumu ile psikolojik sağlamlık arasındaki pozitif ilişkinin anlam kazanmasında önemli bir rol oynadığını göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Din Psikolojisi , Dinî Yönelim , Psikolojik İyi Oluş , Psikolojik Sağlamlık , Yaşam Doyumu

The Mediating Role of Religious Orientation in the Relationship Between Psychological Resilience and Life Satisfaction

Öz

This study aims to examine the relationships among resilience, life satisfaction, and religious orientation in order to better understand fundamental variables affecting individuals’ psychological well-being. In today’s context of rapid social change, individuals are confronted with various psychosocial problems such as loneliness, stress, burnout, social alienation, and depression. Such circumstances further increase the importance of individuals’ coping capacities and their psychological resilience in the face of adverse life conditions. Resilience refers to an individual’s capacity for resistance, adaptation, and recovery when confronted with challenging life events, while life satisfaction reflects the cognitive evaluation of one’s life and overall level of contentment. In the literature, religious orientation is defined as the manner in which individuals experience their beliefs, values, and religious behaviors. It has also been acknowledged as being related to psychological well-being in various ways. Within this framework, the present study seeks to reveal the role of religious orientation (with its intrinsic, extrinsic, rigid, and quest dimensions) in the relationship between resilience and life satisfaction, as well as its potential mediating effects. The study was designed within the framework of a quantitative research method and was conducted with data obtained from 408 university students (251 female, 157 male) selected through simple random sampling. Data were collected using the Brief Resilience Scale, the Satisfaction with Life Scale, and the Revised Muslim Religious Orientation Scale (MROS-R). The data were analyzed with SPSS 25.0; correlations among the variables were examined using Pearson correlation analysis, and the possible mediating role of religious orientation in the relationship between resilience and life satisfaction was tested through Hayes’ Process Macro Model 4 with bootstrap-based mediation analysis. The findings indicate that resilience has a significant and positive effect on life satisfaction. Furthermore, a significant and positive relationship was identified between intrinsic religious orientation and life satisfaction, and intrinsic religious orientation was found to play a significant mediating role in the relationship between resilience and life satisfaction. The explained variance of the model shows that 9.5% of the change in life satisfaction is accounted for through intrinsic religious orientation. In contrast, extrinsic, rigid, and quest orientations did not demonstrate significant direct effects on life satisfaction, nor did they display mediating effects in the relationship between resilience and life satisfaction. These findings suggest that, among university students, intrinsic religious orientation functions as a critical factor supporting psychological well-being and plays an important role in strengthening the positive association between resilience and life satisfaction.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Psychology of Religion , Religious Orientation , Psychological Well-Being , Psychological Resilience , Life Satisfaction

Kaynakça

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