Roma Katolik Kilisesi’nin Mucize Anlayışı: İtirazlar ve Savunmalar

Aykut Özer

doi:10.26650/di.2025.36.2.1684761

Araştırma Makalesi

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 36 Sayı: 2, 477 - 510, 26.08.2025

Aykut Özer

https://doi.org/10.26650/di.2025.36.2.1684761

Öz

Kaynakça

Adam, Baki. Dinler Tarihi El Kitabı. Ankara: Grafiker Yayınları, 2015. google scholar
Arinze, Francis. Apparitions, Visions, Locutions and Cardinal Arinze. YouTube Video. True Faith TV. Erişim 10 Nisan 2025. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=29f69elBzvs. google scholar
Aquinas, Thomas. The Summa Theologica. trans. Fathers of the English Dominican Province. Micro Book Studio, 2006. Erişim 24 Nisan 2025. https://www.logicmuseum.com/wiki/Authors/ Thomas_Aquinas/Summa_Theologiae/Part_IIb/Q178. google scholar
Aradi, Zsolt. Understanding Miracles. Manchester: Sophia Institute Press, 1956. google scholar
Augustinus, Aurelius. De Civitate Dei. Vol. XXI. ABD: CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2014. google scholar
Augustinus, Aurelius. The City of God. trans. Henry Bettenson. Londra: Penguin Books, 1984. google scholar
Balcı, Gülistan. İlâhî Dinlerde Mucize. Elazığı: Fırat Üniversitesi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 2006. google scholar
Catholic Church. Catechism of the Catholic Church. Vatican City: Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 2. Baskı, 1997. google scholar
Catholic Church. Catechism of the Catholic Church. Vaticana: Libreria Editrice, 2003. Erişim 9 Nisan 2025. http://www.vatican.va/archive/ENG0015/_INDEX.HTM. google scholar
Catholic Church. “Code of Canon Law”. Vatican.Va, 1983. Erişim 14 Nisan 2025. http://www. vatican.va/archive/ENG1104/_PU.HTM. google scholar
Collins, R.F, and C. Sant. “Miracle”. New Catholic Encyclopedia, ed. Berard L. Marthaler. 9 Cilt. Detroit: Gale, 2003. google scholar
Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith. “The Message of Fatima”. Public Revelation and Private Revelations. Erişim 10 Nisan 2025. http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/ documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_20000626_messa ge-fatima_en.html. google scholar
Corner, Mark. Signs of God: Miracles and Their Interpretation. Hampshire: Ashgate, 2005. google scholar
Daspin, Eileen. The Life of Jesus, Performing Miracles. ed. Eileen Daspin. New York: The Association of Magazine Media, 2017. google scholar
Davies, J. The Canonization Process of the Catholic Churc. Roma: Pontifical Gregorian University Press, 2019. google scholar
Dominik, Pamir. Katolik Kilisesi Din ve Ahlak İlkeleri. İstanbul: Yaylacılık Matbası, 2000. google scholar
Driscoll, John T. “Miracle”. The Catholic Encyclopedia. 10 Cilt. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1911. google scholar
Dulles, Avery. A History of Apologetics. Eugene: Wipf and Stock, 1999. google scholar
Dulles, Avery. Models of Revelation. New York: Doubleday, 1983. google scholar
Dulles, Avery. “Symbol in Revelation”. New Catholic Encyclopedia, ed. Berard L. Marthaler. 13 Cilt. Detroit: Gale, 2003. google scholar
Dulles, Avery. The Assurance of Things Hoped For. New York: Oxford University Press, 1994. google scholar
Edwards, Denis. How God Acts: Creation, Redemption, and Special Divine Action. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 2010. google scholar
First Vatican Council. “Dogmatic Constitution on the Catholic Faith, 1869-1870”. EWTN. Erişim 9 Nisan 2025. http://www.ewtn.com/library/COUNCILS/V1.HTM. google scholar
Fountain, David G. John Wycliffe and the Dawn of the Reformation. Southampton: Mayflower Christian, 1984. google scholar
Gabler, Ulrich. Huldrych Zwingli: His Life and Work. Washington: Fortress Press, 1986. google scholar
Goodich, Michael. Miracles and Wonders: The Development of the Concept of Miracle, 1150-1350. London and New York: Routledge, 2016. google scholar
Güngüz, Şinasi. Hıristiyanlık. İstanbul: İsam Yayınları, 6. Basım, 2017. google scholar
Güre, Mustafa. Katolik Hıristiyanlıkta Kilise. Ankara: Gece Kitaplığı, 2022. google scholar
Gültekin, Abdurrazak. “Spinoza Felsefesinde Tanrısal Yasa Bağlamında Mucizenin Reddi ve Peygamberlik”. Türkiye Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi 26/2 (2022), 305-318. google scholar
Gwynne, Paul. Special Divine Action: Key Issues in the Contemporary Debate, 1965-1995. Roma: Grogorian University Press, 1996. google scholar
Hume, David. An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding. Mineola, N.Y: Dover Publications, 2004. google scholar
Hume, David. İnsanın Anlama Yetisi Üzerine Bir Soruşturma. çev. Ferit Burak Aydar. Türkiye İş Bankası Kültür Yayınları, 14. Baskı, 2024. google scholar
İrde, Mesut. “David Hume’da Mucize’nin İmkânı Problemi Üzerine Bir İnceleme”. Anadolu Akademi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 5/2 (2023), 15-24. google scholar
Jensen, J. “Revelation, Concept of (in the Bible)”. New Catholic Encyclopedia, ed. Berard L. Marthaler. 12 Cilt. Detroit: Gale, 2003. google scholar
Johnson, Luke Timothy. The History of Christianity: From the Disciples to the Dawn of the Reformation. America: The Great Courses, 2012. google scholar
Kasper, Walter. Jesus the Christ. New York: Continuum, 2011. google scholar
Kaucha, Krzysztof. The Contemporary Catholic Theology of Miracles. Lublin: John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin Faculty of Theology, Doctoral Thesis, 2018. https://repozytorium.kul.pl/ server/api/core/bitstreams/756a680f-df17-4e80-9bd4-76ef050f2ea5/content. google scholar
Keener, Craig S. Miracles: The Credibility of New Testament Accounts. Grand Rapids: Baker Book House, 2012. google scholar
Korhan, İbrahim. Katolik Kilisesi’nde Otorite Sorunu Papalık ve Konsilyarizm. Ankara: Eskiyeni Yayınları, 2024. google scholar
Lacoste, Jean Yves. “Miracles”. Encyclopedia of Christian Theology. New York: Routledge, 2005. google scholar
Latourelle, René. The Miracles of Jesus and the Theology of Miracles. trans. Matthew J. O’Connell. New York: Paulist, 1988. google scholar
Latourelle, René. The Theology of Revelation. New York: St. Paul, 1966. google scholar
Laurentin, René. The Apparitions of the Blessed Virgin Mary Today. Fransa: Vertitas Publications, 1990. google scholar
Lensch, Christopher. “The Morning Star of The Reformation: John Wycliffe”. Western Reformed Seminary Journal 3/2 (1996), 1-7. google scholar
Lindberg, Carter. Avrupa’da Reform Tarihi. İstanbul: İnkılâp Kitabevi, 2014. google scholar
Lockyer, Herbert. All the Miracles of the Bible: The Supernatural in Scripture: Its Scope and Significance. 1965th edition. Michigan: Zondervan, 1961. google scholar
Mbiere, Fredrick C. Healing Ministry in Nigeria. Roma: Nonsolocopie di A Salesi, 2016. google scholar
McGrath, Alister E. A Life of John Calvin: A Study in the Shaping of Western Culture. Hoboken: Wiley-Blackwell, 1990. google scholar
Mclnerny, Ralph M. Miracles a Catholic View. Huntington: Our Sunday Visitor, 1986. google scholar
Metz, Johann Baptist. “Miracles”. Encyclopedia of Theology: A Concise Sacramentum Mundi. ed. Karl Rahner. New York: St. Paul, 1975. google scholar
Monden, Louis. “Miracles of Jesus”. Encyclopedia of Theology: A Concise Sacramentum. Mundi, ed. Karl Rahner. New York: St. Paul, 1975. google scholar
Monden, Louis. Signs and Wonders. New York: Desclee, 1966. google scholar
Norred, Patricia A. Girolamo Savonarola And The Problem of Humanist Reform In Florance. North Texas: University of North Texas, Master of Arts, 1988. Erişim 14 Nisan 2025. https://digital. library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500716/m2/1/high_res_d/1002775158-Norred.pdf. google scholar
Oberman, Heiko A. Luther: Man Between God and the Devil. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1989. google scholar
Olgun, Hakan. Sekülerliğin Teolojik Kurgusu Protestanlık. İstanbul: MilelNihal Yayınları, 2019. google scholar
Özer, Aykut. Hıristiyanlıkta Mucize Anlayışı. Ankara: Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Doktora Tezi, 2023. Erişim 9 Nisan 2025. https://dspace.ankara.edu.tr/server/api/ core/bitstreams/73a90b2a-835c-443e-bda1-097fdcec2afb/content. google scholar
Pater, T.G. “Miracles”. New Catholic Encyclopedia. ed. Berard L. Marthaler. 9 Cilt. Detroit: Gale, 2003. google scholar
Polat, Kemal. Katolik Hiristiyanlık’ta Azizlik ve Azizler. Ankara: Salkımsöğüt Yayınları, 1. Basım, 2008. google scholar
Purtill, Richard L. “Defining Miracles”. In Defense of Miracles. eds. R. Douglas Geivett and Gary R. Habermas. Downers: InterVersity Press, 1997. google scholar
Rahner, Karl. Foundations of Christian Faith. trans. William V. Dych. New York: Crossroad, 1978. google scholar
Rahner, Karl. Theological Investigations. 4 Cilt. Baltimore: Helicon Press, 1961. google scholar
Ratzinger, Joseph. Deus Caritas Est. Vatican City: Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 2005. google scholar
Ratzinger, Joseph. “The Fact and Significance of Christ’s Miracles, General Audience”. Interdisciplinary Encyclopedia of Science and Religion. inters.org, 1987. Erişim 20 Nisan 2025. http://inters.org/ John-Paul-II-Catechesis-Miracle-Significance. google scholar
Schwebel, Lisa J. Apparition, Healings and Weeping Madonnas. New York: Paulist, 2004. google scholar
Second Vatican Council. “Dei Verbum: Dogmatic Constitution on Divine Revelation”. Vatican. Va, November 18, 1965. Erişim 9 Nisan 2025. http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651118_dei- verbum_en.html. google scholar
Second Vatican Council. “Dignitatis Humanae, Declaration on Religious Liberty”. Vatican.Va, 1965. Erişim 10 Nisan 2025. http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/ vat- ii_decl_19651207_dignitatis-humanae_en.html. google scholar
Second Vatican Council. “Lumen Gentium, Dogmatic Constitution on the Church”. Vatican.Va, 1964. Erişim 10 Nisan 2025. http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/ documents/vat- ii_const_19641121_lumen-gentium_en.html. google scholar
Spinka, Matthew. John Hus: A Biography. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1968. google scholar
Sulmasy, Daniel. “What Is a Miracle?” Southern Medical Journal 100/12 (2008), 1223–1228. https:// doi.org/10.1097/SMJ.0b013e31815a9784. google scholar
Şener, Habib. “John Locke’un Mucize Anlayışı”. Kafkas Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 4/8 (2017), 135-154. google scholar
Tanzella-Nitti, Giuseppe. “Miracles”. Interdisciplinary Encyclopedia of Religion and Science. ed. google scholar
Giuseppe Tanzella-Nitti and A. Strumia. I/2017. http://doi.org/10.17421/2037-2329-2002-GT-4. google scholar
Tanner, Norman P. ed. Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils. Cilt.2: Trent to Vatican II. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press, 1990. google scholar
Trench, Richard Chenevix. Notes on the Miracles of Our Lord. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner&Co., 1895. google scholar
Valentine, Mary Hester. Miracles. Chicago: Thomas More, 1988. google scholar
Weinstein, Donald. Savonarola and Florence: Prophecy and Patriotism in the Renaissance. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1970. google scholar
Wojtyła, Karol Józef. “Christ’s Miracles Manifest Salvific Love, General Audience”. Interdisciplinary Encyclopedia of Science and Religion, 1987. Erişim 10 Nisan 2025. http://inters.org/John-Paul-II-Catechesis-Miracles-Love. google scholar
Wojtyła, Karol Józef. “Miracles Manifest the Supernatural Order, General Audience”. Interdisciplinary Encyclopedia of Science and Religion, 1987. Erişim 10 Nisan 2025. http://inters.org/John-Paul-II-Catechesis-Miracles-Order. google scholar
Wojtyła, Karol Józef. Redemptoris Missio. Vaticana: Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 1987. Erişim 24 Nisan 2025. https://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_07121990_redemptoris-missio.html. google scholar
Woodward, Kenneth L. The Book of Miracles: The Meaning of the Miracle Stories in Christianity, Judaism, Buddhism, Hinduism and Islam. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2001. google scholar
Zimdars-Swartz, Sandra. Encountering Mary: from La Salette to Medjugorje. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1991. google scholar

Roma Katolik Kilisesi’nin Mucize Anlayışı: İtirazlar ve Savunmalar

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 36 Sayı: 2, 477 - 510, 26.08.2025

Aykut Özer

https://doi.org/10.26650/di.2025.36.2.1684761

Öz

Bu makale, Roma Katolik Kilisesi’nde mucize kavramını teolojik, apolojetik ve pastoral boyutlarıyla ele almaktadır. Mucizeler, Katolik teolojisinde Tanrı’nın doğrudan müdahalesiyle doğal düzeni aşan olağanüstü olaylar şeklinde tanımlanmıştır. Çalışma, mucizelerin Kitab-ı Mukaddes’teki teolojik temellerini inceleyerek bazı Katolik teologların yorumlarını ve Kilise’nin resmi öğretilerini Vatikan konsilleri bağlamında detaylandırmıştır. Mucizelerin inanç, ibadet ve kutsama gibi kategorilerdeki işlevleri ile bireysel ve toplumsal yaşam üzerindeki etkileri analiz edilmiştir. Ayrıca, modern bilimsel yaklaşımların mucize fenomenine bakışı ve bu yorumların teolojik karşılıkları tartışılmıştır. Tarihsel ve kültürel bağlamların, mucize algısını biçimlendirmedeki rolü vurgulanarak, Katolik teolojisinin mucizeleri hem metafizik bir gerçeklik hem de apolojetik ve Hıristiyan eğitimine müteallik (pastoral) bir araç olarak nasıl kullandığı incelenmiştir. Çalışma, mucizelerin tarihsel, kültürel ve bilimsel bağlamlarla ilişkisini değerlendirerek Katolik inanç ve pratiğindeki yerini anlamayı amaçlamaktadır. Roma Katolik Kilisesi’ndeki mucize anlayışı, tarihsel-fenomenolojik yöntemle incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın sonunda, mucizelerin ilahi gücün tezahürü olmanın ötesinde, teolojik söylem, toplumsal bilinç ve dinî pratiğin şekillenmesinde merkezi bir rol oynadığı tespit edilmiştir. Kilise’nin, mucizeleri, inanç dünyasını pekiştirme, dinî pratiği teşvik etme ve teolojik tartışmaları derinleştirme aracı olarak konumlandırdığı sonucuna varılmıştır. Mucizelerin, modern teolojik tartışmalardaki yeri itibarıyla Kilise’nin tarihsel ve güncel dinamiklerinin anlaşılmasında kritik bir öneme sahip olduğu anlaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Dinler Tarihi , Roma Katolik Kilisesi , Mucize , Kanon , Vatikan Konsilleri , Dei Verbum , Lumen Gentium

Etik Beyan

Bu çalışma, yalnızca literatür taraması, teorik analiz, kamuya açık verilerin kullanımı, deneysel olmayan yöntemlerle hazırlandığı ve gizlilik gibi etik ihlallere neden olabilecek veri işlemleri yapmadığı için etik kurul onayı gerektirmemektedir.

Kaynakça

Adam, Baki. Dinler Tarihi El Kitabı. Ankara: Grafiker Yayınları, 2015. google scholar
Arinze, Francis. Apparitions, Visions, Locutions and Cardinal Arinze. YouTube Video. True Faith TV. Erişim 10 Nisan 2025. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=29f69elBzvs. google scholar
Aquinas, Thomas. The Summa Theologica. trans. Fathers of the English Dominican Province. Micro Book Studio, 2006. Erişim 24 Nisan 2025. https://www.logicmuseum.com/wiki/Authors/ Thomas_Aquinas/Summa_Theologiae/Part_IIb/Q178. google scholar
Aradi, Zsolt. Understanding Miracles. Manchester: Sophia Institute Press, 1956. google scholar
Augustinus, Aurelius. De Civitate Dei. Vol. XXI. ABD: CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2014. google scholar
Augustinus, Aurelius. The City of God. trans. Henry Bettenson. Londra: Penguin Books, 1984. google scholar
Balcı, Gülistan. İlâhî Dinlerde Mucize. Elazığı: Fırat Üniversitesi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 2006. google scholar
Catholic Church. Catechism of the Catholic Church. Vatican City: Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 2. Baskı, 1997. google scholar
Catholic Church. Catechism of the Catholic Church. Vaticana: Libreria Editrice, 2003. Erişim 9 Nisan 2025. http://www.vatican.va/archive/ENG0015/_INDEX.HTM. google scholar
Catholic Church. “Code of Canon Law”. Vatican.Va, 1983. Erişim 14 Nisan 2025. http://www. vatican.va/archive/ENG1104/_PU.HTM. google scholar
Collins, R.F, and C. Sant. “Miracle”. New Catholic Encyclopedia, ed. Berard L. Marthaler. 9 Cilt. Detroit: Gale, 2003. google scholar
Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith. “The Message of Fatima”. Public Revelation and Private Revelations. Erişim 10 Nisan 2025. http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/ documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_20000626_messa ge-fatima_en.html. google scholar
Corner, Mark. Signs of God: Miracles and Their Interpretation. Hampshire: Ashgate, 2005. google scholar
Daspin, Eileen. The Life of Jesus, Performing Miracles. ed. Eileen Daspin. New York: The Association of Magazine Media, 2017. google scholar
Davies, J. The Canonization Process of the Catholic Churc. Roma: Pontifical Gregorian University Press, 2019. google scholar
Dominik, Pamir. Katolik Kilisesi Din ve Ahlak İlkeleri. İstanbul: Yaylacılık Matbası, 2000. google scholar
Driscoll, John T. “Miracle”. The Catholic Encyclopedia. 10 Cilt. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1911. google scholar
Dulles, Avery. A History of Apologetics. Eugene: Wipf and Stock, 1999. google scholar
Dulles, Avery. Models of Revelation. New York: Doubleday, 1983. google scholar
Dulles, Avery. “Symbol in Revelation”. New Catholic Encyclopedia, ed. Berard L. Marthaler. 13 Cilt. Detroit: Gale, 2003. google scholar
Dulles, Avery. The Assurance of Things Hoped For. New York: Oxford University Press, 1994. google scholar
Edwards, Denis. How God Acts: Creation, Redemption, and Special Divine Action. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 2010. google scholar
First Vatican Council. “Dogmatic Constitution on the Catholic Faith, 1869-1870”. EWTN. Erişim 9 Nisan 2025. http://www.ewtn.com/library/COUNCILS/V1.HTM. google scholar
Fountain, David G. John Wycliffe and the Dawn of the Reformation. Southampton: Mayflower Christian, 1984. google scholar
Gabler, Ulrich. Huldrych Zwingli: His Life and Work. Washington: Fortress Press, 1986. google scholar
Goodich, Michael. Miracles and Wonders: The Development of the Concept of Miracle, 1150-1350. London and New York: Routledge, 2016. google scholar
Güngüz, Şinasi. Hıristiyanlık. İstanbul: İsam Yayınları, 6. Basım, 2017. google scholar
Güre, Mustafa. Katolik Hıristiyanlıkta Kilise. Ankara: Gece Kitaplığı, 2022. google scholar
Gültekin, Abdurrazak. “Spinoza Felsefesinde Tanrısal Yasa Bağlamında Mucizenin Reddi ve Peygamberlik”. Türkiye Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi 26/2 (2022), 305-318. google scholar
Gwynne, Paul. Special Divine Action: Key Issues in the Contemporary Debate, 1965-1995. Roma: Grogorian University Press, 1996. google scholar
Hume, David. An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding. Mineola, N.Y: Dover Publications, 2004. google scholar
Hume, David. İnsanın Anlama Yetisi Üzerine Bir Soruşturma. çev. Ferit Burak Aydar. Türkiye İş Bankası Kültür Yayınları, 14. Baskı, 2024. google scholar
İrde, Mesut. “David Hume’da Mucize’nin İmkânı Problemi Üzerine Bir İnceleme”. Anadolu Akademi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 5/2 (2023), 15-24. google scholar
Jensen, J. “Revelation, Concept of (in the Bible)”. New Catholic Encyclopedia, ed. Berard L. Marthaler. 12 Cilt. Detroit: Gale, 2003. google scholar
Johnson, Luke Timothy. The History of Christianity: From the Disciples to the Dawn of the Reformation. America: The Great Courses, 2012. google scholar
Kasper, Walter. Jesus the Christ. New York: Continuum, 2011. google scholar
Kaucha, Krzysztof. The Contemporary Catholic Theology of Miracles. Lublin: John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin Faculty of Theology, Doctoral Thesis, 2018. https://repozytorium.kul.pl/ server/api/core/bitstreams/756a680f-df17-4e80-9bd4-76ef050f2ea5/content. google scholar
Keener, Craig S. Miracles: The Credibility of New Testament Accounts. Grand Rapids: Baker Book House, 2012. google scholar
Korhan, İbrahim. Katolik Kilisesi’nde Otorite Sorunu Papalık ve Konsilyarizm. Ankara: Eskiyeni Yayınları, 2024. google scholar
Lacoste, Jean Yves. “Miracles”. Encyclopedia of Christian Theology. New York: Routledge, 2005. google scholar
Latourelle, René. The Miracles of Jesus and the Theology of Miracles. trans. Matthew J. O’Connell. New York: Paulist, 1988. google scholar
Latourelle, René. The Theology of Revelation. New York: St. Paul, 1966. google scholar
Laurentin, René. The Apparitions of the Blessed Virgin Mary Today. Fransa: Vertitas Publications, 1990. google scholar
Lensch, Christopher. “The Morning Star of The Reformation: John Wycliffe”. Western Reformed Seminary Journal 3/2 (1996), 1-7. google scholar
Lindberg, Carter. Avrupa’da Reform Tarihi. İstanbul: İnkılâp Kitabevi, 2014. google scholar
Lockyer, Herbert. All the Miracles of the Bible: The Supernatural in Scripture: Its Scope and Significance. 1965th edition. Michigan: Zondervan, 1961. google scholar
Mbiere, Fredrick C. Healing Ministry in Nigeria. Roma: Nonsolocopie di A Salesi, 2016. google scholar
McGrath, Alister E. A Life of John Calvin: A Study in the Shaping of Western Culture. Hoboken: Wiley-Blackwell, 1990. google scholar
Mclnerny, Ralph M. Miracles a Catholic View. Huntington: Our Sunday Visitor, 1986. google scholar
Metz, Johann Baptist. “Miracles”. Encyclopedia of Theology: A Concise Sacramentum Mundi. ed. Karl Rahner. New York: St. Paul, 1975. google scholar
Monden, Louis. “Miracles of Jesus”. Encyclopedia of Theology: A Concise Sacramentum. Mundi, ed. Karl Rahner. New York: St. Paul, 1975. google scholar
Monden, Louis. Signs and Wonders. New York: Desclee, 1966. google scholar
Norred, Patricia A. Girolamo Savonarola And The Problem of Humanist Reform In Florance. North Texas: University of North Texas, Master of Arts, 1988. Erişim 14 Nisan 2025. https://digital. library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500716/m2/1/high_res_d/1002775158-Norred.pdf. google scholar
Oberman, Heiko A. Luther: Man Between God and the Devil. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1989. google scholar
Olgun, Hakan. Sekülerliğin Teolojik Kurgusu Protestanlık. İstanbul: MilelNihal Yayınları, 2019. google scholar
Özer, Aykut. Hıristiyanlıkta Mucize Anlayışı. Ankara: Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Doktora Tezi, 2023. Erişim 9 Nisan 2025. https://dspace.ankara.edu.tr/server/api/ core/bitstreams/73a90b2a-835c-443e-bda1-097fdcec2afb/content. google scholar
Pater, T.G. “Miracles”. New Catholic Encyclopedia. ed. Berard L. Marthaler. 9 Cilt. Detroit: Gale, 2003. google scholar
Polat, Kemal. Katolik Hiristiyanlık’ta Azizlik ve Azizler. Ankara: Salkımsöğüt Yayınları, 1. Basım, 2008. google scholar
Purtill, Richard L. “Defining Miracles”. In Defense of Miracles. eds. R. Douglas Geivett and Gary R. Habermas. Downers: InterVersity Press, 1997. google scholar
Rahner, Karl. Foundations of Christian Faith. trans. William V. Dych. New York: Crossroad, 1978. google scholar
Rahner, Karl. Theological Investigations. 4 Cilt. Baltimore: Helicon Press, 1961. google scholar
Ratzinger, Joseph. Deus Caritas Est. Vatican City: Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 2005. google scholar
Ratzinger, Joseph. “The Fact and Significance of Christ’s Miracles, General Audience”. Interdisciplinary Encyclopedia of Science and Religion. inters.org, 1987. Erişim 20 Nisan 2025. http://inters.org/ John-Paul-II-Catechesis-Miracle-Significance. google scholar
Schwebel, Lisa J. Apparition, Healings and Weeping Madonnas. New York: Paulist, 2004. google scholar
Second Vatican Council. “Dei Verbum: Dogmatic Constitution on Divine Revelation”. Vatican. Va, November 18, 1965. Erişim 9 Nisan 2025. http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651118_dei- verbum_en.html. google scholar
Second Vatican Council. “Dignitatis Humanae, Declaration on Religious Liberty”. Vatican.Va, 1965. Erişim 10 Nisan 2025. http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/ vat- ii_decl_19651207_dignitatis-humanae_en.html. google scholar
Second Vatican Council. “Lumen Gentium, Dogmatic Constitution on the Church”. Vatican.Va, 1964. Erişim 10 Nisan 2025. http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/ documents/vat- ii_const_19641121_lumen-gentium_en.html. google scholar
Spinka, Matthew. John Hus: A Biography. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1968. google scholar
Sulmasy, Daniel. “What Is a Miracle?” Southern Medical Journal 100/12 (2008), 1223–1228. https:// doi.org/10.1097/SMJ.0b013e31815a9784. google scholar
Şener, Habib. “John Locke’un Mucize Anlayışı”. Kafkas Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 4/8 (2017), 135-154. google scholar
Tanzella-Nitti, Giuseppe. “Miracles”. Interdisciplinary Encyclopedia of Religion and Science. ed. google scholar
Giuseppe Tanzella-Nitti and A. Strumia. I/2017. http://doi.org/10.17421/2037-2329-2002-GT-4. google scholar
Tanner, Norman P. ed. Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils. Cilt.2: Trent to Vatican II. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press, 1990. google scholar
Trench, Richard Chenevix. Notes on the Miracles of Our Lord. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner&Co., 1895. google scholar
Valentine, Mary Hester. Miracles. Chicago: Thomas More, 1988. google scholar
Weinstein, Donald. Savonarola and Florence: Prophecy and Patriotism in the Renaissance. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1970. google scholar
Wojtyła, Karol Józef. “Christ’s Miracles Manifest Salvific Love, General Audience”. Interdisciplinary Encyclopedia of Science and Religion, 1987. Erişim 10 Nisan 2025. http://inters.org/John-Paul-II-Catechesis-Miracles-Love. google scholar
Wojtyła, Karol Józef. “Miracles Manifest the Supernatural Order, General Audience”. Interdisciplinary Encyclopedia of Science and Religion, 1987. Erişim 10 Nisan 2025. http://inters.org/John-Paul-II-Catechesis-Miracles-Order. google scholar
Wojtyła, Karol Józef. Redemptoris Missio. Vaticana: Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 1987. Erişim 24 Nisan 2025. https://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_07121990_redemptoris-missio.html. google scholar
Woodward, Kenneth L. The Book of Miracles: The Meaning of the Miracle Stories in Christianity, Judaism, Buddhism, Hinduism and Islam. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2001. google scholar
Zimdars-Swartz, Sandra. Encountering Mary: from La Salette to Medjugorje. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1991. google scholar

The Roman Catholic Church’s Understanding of Miracles: Objections and Defenses

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 36 Sayı: 2, 477 - 510, 26.08.2025

Aykut Özer

https://doi.org/10.26650/di.2025.36.2.1684761

Öz

This article explores the concept of miracles in Roman Catholic Church from theological, apologetic, and pastoral perspectives. In Catholic theology, miracles are extraordinary events that transcend natural laws through God’s intervention. The study examines the biblical foundations of miracles, including interpretations by Catholic theologians and official Church teachings, particularly within the context of Vatican councils. It analyzes the role of miracles in faith, worship, and sanctification, as well as their influence on individual and communal religious life. The article also considers modern scientific perspectives and their theological implications. It highlights how historical and cultural contexts shape the understanding of miracles and explores how Catholic theology views them as both metaphysical realities and practical tools for apologetics and pastoral care. Employing the historical-phenomenological method, the study concludes that miracles serve not only as signs of divine power but also as key elements in theological discourse, social awareness, and spiritual life. The Church regards miracles as means to strengthen faith, enrich religious practice, and deepen theological reflection. Their ongoing relevance in contemporary theological discussions underscores their importance in grasping the Church’s historical legacy and modern identity.

Anahtar Kelimeler

History of Religions , Roman Catholic Church , Miracle , Canon , Vatican Councils , Dei Verbum , Lumen Gentium

Etik Beyan

This study does not require ethics committee approval because it is based solely on literature review, theoretical analysis, use of publicly available data, is prepared with non-experimental methods, and does not perform data processing that may lead to ethical violations such as confidentiality.

Kaynakça

Adam, Baki. Dinler Tarihi El Kitabı. Ankara: Grafiker Yayınları, 2015. google scholar
Arinze, Francis. Apparitions, Visions, Locutions and Cardinal Arinze. YouTube Video. True Faith TV. Erişim 10 Nisan 2025. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=29f69elBzvs. google scholar
Aquinas, Thomas. The Summa Theologica. trans. Fathers of the English Dominican Province. Micro Book Studio, 2006. Erişim 24 Nisan 2025. https://www.logicmuseum.com/wiki/Authors/ Thomas_Aquinas/Summa_Theologiae/Part_IIb/Q178. google scholar
Aradi, Zsolt. Understanding Miracles. Manchester: Sophia Institute Press, 1956. google scholar
Augustinus, Aurelius. De Civitate Dei. Vol. XXI. ABD: CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2014. google scholar
Augustinus, Aurelius. The City of God. trans. Henry Bettenson. Londra: Penguin Books, 1984. google scholar
Balcı, Gülistan. İlâhî Dinlerde Mucize. Elazığı: Fırat Üniversitesi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 2006. google scholar
Catholic Church. Catechism of the Catholic Church. Vatican City: Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 2. Baskı, 1997. google scholar
Catholic Church. Catechism of the Catholic Church. Vaticana: Libreria Editrice, 2003. Erişim 9 Nisan 2025. http://www.vatican.va/archive/ENG0015/_INDEX.HTM. google scholar
Catholic Church. “Code of Canon Law”. Vatican.Va, 1983. Erişim 14 Nisan 2025. http://www. vatican.va/archive/ENG1104/_PU.HTM. google scholar
Collins, R.F, and C. Sant. “Miracle”. New Catholic Encyclopedia, ed. Berard L. Marthaler. 9 Cilt. Detroit: Gale, 2003. google scholar
Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith. “The Message of Fatima”. Public Revelation and Private Revelations. Erişim 10 Nisan 2025. http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/ documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_20000626_messa ge-fatima_en.html. google scholar
Corner, Mark. Signs of God: Miracles and Their Interpretation. Hampshire: Ashgate, 2005. google scholar
Daspin, Eileen. The Life of Jesus, Performing Miracles. ed. Eileen Daspin. New York: The Association of Magazine Media, 2017. google scholar
Davies, J. The Canonization Process of the Catholic Churc. Roma: Pontifical Gregorian University Press, 2019. google scholar
Dominik, Pamir. Katolik Kilisesi Din ve Ahlak İlkeleri. İstanbul: Yaylacılık Matbası, 2000. google scholar
Driscoll, John T. “Miracle”. The Catholic Encyclopedia. 10 Cilt. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1911. google scholar
Dulles, Avery. A History of Apologetics. Eugene: Wipf and Stock, 1999. google scholar
Dulles, Avery. Models of Revelation. New York: Doubleday, 1983. google scholar
Dulles, Avery. “Symbol in Revelation”. New Catholic Encyclopedia, ed. Berard L. Marthaler. 13 Cilt. Detroit: Gale, 2003. google scholar
Dulles, Avery. The Assurance of Things Hoped For. New York: Oxford University Press, 1994. google scholar
Edwards, Denis. How God Acts: Creation, Redemption, and Special Divine Action. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 2010. google scholar
First Vatican Council. “Dogmatic Constitution on the Catholic Faith, 1869-1870”. EWTN. Erişim 9 Nisan 2025. http://www.ewtn.com/library/COUNCILS/V1.HTM. google scholar
Fountain, David G. John Wycliffe and the Dawn of the Reformation. Southampton: Mayflower Christian, 1984. google scholar
Gabler, Ulrich. Huldrych Zwingli: His Life and Work. Washington: Fortress Press, 1986. google scholar
Goodich, Michael. Miracles and Wonders: The Development of the Concept of Miracle, 1150-1350. London and New York: Routledge, 2016. google scholar
Güngüz, Şinasi. Hıristiyanlık. İstanbul: İsam Yayınları, 6. Basım, 2017. google scholar
Güre, Mustafa. Katolik Hıristiyanlıkta Kilise. Ankara: Gece Kitaplığı, 2022. google scholar
Gültekin, Abdurrazak. “Spinoza Felsefesinde Tanrısal Yasa Bağlamında Mucizenin Reddi ve Peygamberlik”. Türkiye Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi 26/2 (2022), 305-318. google scholar
Gwynne, Paul. Special Divine Action: Key Issues in the Contemporary Debate, 1965-1995. Roma: Grogorian University Press, 1996. google scholar
Hume, David. An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding. Mineola, N.Y: Dover Publications, 2004. google scholar
Hume, David. İnsanın Anlama Yetisi Üzerine Bir Soruşturma. çev. Ferit Burak Aydar. Türkiye İş Bankası Kültür Yayınları, 14. Baskı, 2024. google scholar
İrde, Mesut. “David Hume’da Mucize’nin İmkânı Problemi Üzerine Bir İnceleme”. Anadolu Akademi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 5/2 (2023), 15-24. google scholar
Jensen, J. “Revelation, Concept of (in the Bible)”. New Catholic Encyclopedia, ed. Berard L. Marthaler. 12 Cilt. Detroit: Gale, 2003. google scholar
Johnson, Luke Timothy. The History of Christianity: From the Disciples to the Dawn of the Reformation. America: The Great Courses, 2012. google scholar
Kasper, Walter. Jesus the Christ. New York: Continuum, 2011. google scholar
Kaucha, Krzysztof. The Contemporary Catholic Theology of Miracles. Lublin: John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin Faculty of Theology, Doctoral Thesis, 2018. https://repozytorium.kul.pl/ server/api/core/bitstreams/756a680f-df17-4e80-9bd4-76ef050f2ea5/content. google scholar
Keener, Craig S. Miracles: The Credibility of New Testament Accounts. Grand Rapids: Baker Book House, 2012. google scholar
Korhan, İbrahim. Katolik Kilisesi’nde Otorite Sorunu Papalık ve Konsilyarizm. Ankara: Eskiyeni Yayınları, 2024. google scholar
Lacoste, Jean Yves. “Miracles”. Encyclopedia of Christian Theology. New York: Routledge, 2005. google scholar
Latourelle, René. The Miracles of Jesus and the Theology of Miracles. trans. Matthew J. O’Connell. New York: Paulist, 1988. google scholar
Latourelle, René. The Theology of Revelation. New York: St. Paul, 1966. google scholar
Laurentin, René. The Apparitions of the Blessed Virgin Mary Today. Fransa: Vertitas Publications, 1990. google scholar
Lensch, Christopher. “The Morning Star of The Reformation: John Wycliffe”. Western Reformed Seminary Journal 3/2 (1996), 1-7. google scholar
Lindberg, Carter. Avrupa’da Reform Tarihi. İstanbul: İnkılâp Kitabevi, 2014. google scholar
Lockyer, Herbert. All the Miracles of the Bible: The Supernatural in Scripture: Its Scope and Significance. 1965th edition. Michigan: Zondervan, 1961. google scholar
Mbiere, Fredrick C. Healing Ministry in Nigeria. Roma: Nonsolocopie di A Salesi, 2016. google scholar
McGrath, Alister E. A Life of John Calvin: A Study in the Shaping of Western Culture. Hoboken: Wiley-Blackwell, 1990. google scholar
Mclnerny, Ralph M. Miracles a Catholic View. Huntington: Our Sunday Visitor, 1986. google scholar
Metz, Johann Baptist. “Miracles”. Encyclopedia of Theology: A Concise Sacramentum Mundi. ed. Karl Rahner. New York: St. Paul, 1975. google scholar
Monden, Louis. “Miracles of Jesus”. Encyclopedia of Theology: A Concise Sacramentum. Mundi, ed. Karl Rahner. New York: St. Paul, 1975. google scholar
Monden, Louis. Signs and Wonders. New York: Desclee, 1966. google scholar
Norred, Patricia A. Girolamo Savonarola And The Problem of Humanist Reform In Florance. North Texas: University of North Texas, Master of Arts, 1988. Erişim 14 Nisan 2025. https://digital. library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500716/m2/1/high_res_d/1002775158-Norred.pdf. google scholar
Oberman, Heiko A. Luther: Man Between God and the Devil. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1989. google scholar
Olgun, Hakan. Sekülerliğin Teolojik Kurgusu Protestanlık. İstanbul: MilelNihal Yayınları, 2019. google scholar
Özer, Aykut. Hıristiyanlıkta Mucize Anlayışı. Ankara: Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Doktora Tezi, 2023. Erişim 9 Nisan 2025. https://dspace.ankara.edu.tr/server/api/ core/bitstreams/73a90b2a-835c-443e-bda1-097fdcec2afb/content. google scholar
Pater, T.G. “Miracles”. New Catholic Encyclopedia. ed. Berard L. Marthaler. 9 Cilt. Detroit: Gale, 2003. google scholar
Polat, Kemal. Katolik Hiristiyanlık’ta Azizlik ve Azizler. Ankara: Salkımsöğüt Yayınları, 1. Basım, 2008. google scholar
Purtill, Richard L. “Defining Miracles”. In Defense of Miracles. eds. R. Douglas Geivett and Gary R. Habermas. Downers: InterVersity Press, 1997. google scholar
Rahner, Karl. Foundations of Christian Faith. trans. William V. Dych. New York: Crossroad, 1978. google scholar
Rahner, Karl. Theological Investigations. 4 Cilt. Baltimore: Helicon Press, 1961. google scholar
Ratzinger, Joseph. Deus Caritas Est. Vatican City: Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 2005. google scholar
Ratzinger, Joseph. “The Fact and Significance of Christ’s Miracles, General Audience”. Interdisciplinary Encyclopedia of Science and Religion. inters.org, 1987. Erişim 20 Nisan 2025. http://inters.org/ John-Paul-II-Catechesis-Miracle-Significance. google scholar
Schwebel, Lisa J. Apparition, Healings and Weeping Madonnas. New York: Paulist, 2004. google scholar
Second Vatican Council. “Dei Verbum: Dogmatic Constitution on Divine Revelation”. Vatican. Va, November 18, 1965. Erişim 9 Nisan 2025. http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651118_dei- verbum_en.html. google scholar
Second Vatican Council. “Dignitatis Humanae, Declaration on Religious Liberty”. Vatican.Va, 1965. Erişim 10 Nisan 2025. http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/ vat- ii_decl_19651207_dignitatis-humanae_en.html. google scholar
Second Vatican Council. “Lumen Gentium, Dogmatic Constitution on the Church”. Vatican.Va, 1964. Erişim 10 Nisan 2025. http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/ documents/vat- ii_const_19641121_lumen-gentium_en.html. google scholar
Spinka, Matthew. John Hus: A Biography. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1968. google scholar
Sulmasy, Daniel. “What Is a Miracle?” Southern Medical Journal 100/12 (2008), 1223–1228. https:// doi.org/10.1097/SMJ.0b013e31815a9784. google scholar
Şener, Habib. “John Locke’un Mucize Anlayışı”. Kafkas Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 4/8 (2017), 135-154. google scholar
Tanzella-Nitti, Giuseppe. “Miracles”. Interdisciplinary Encyclopedia of Religion and Science. ed. google scholar
Giuseppe Tanzella-Nitti and A. Strumia. I/2017. http://doi.org/10.17421/2037-2329-2002-GT-4. google scholar
Tanner, Norman P. ed. Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils. Cilt.2: Trent to Vatican II. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press, 1990. google scholar
Trench, Richard Chenevix. Notes on the Miracles of Our Lord. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner&Co., 1895. google scholar
Valentine, Mary Hester. Miracles. Chicago: Thomas More, 1988. google scholar
Weinstein, Donald. Savonarola and Florence: Prophecy and Patriotism in the Renaissance. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1970. google scholar
Wojtyła, Karol Józef. “Christ’s Miracles Manifest Salvific Love, General Audience”. Interdisciplinary Encyclopedia of Science and Religion, 1987. Erişim 10 Nisan 2025. http://inters.org/John-Paul-II-Catechesis-Miracles-Love. google scholar
Wojtyła, Karol Józef. “Miracles Manifest the Supernatural Order, General Audience”. Interdisciplinary Encyclopedia of Science and Religion, 1987. Erişim 10 Nisan 2025. http://inters.org/John-Paul-II-Catechesis-Miracles-Order. google scholar
Wojtyła, Karol Józef. Redemptoris Missio. Vaticana: Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 1987. Erişim 24 Nisan 2025. https://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_07121990_redemptoris-missio.html. google scholar
Woodward, Kenneth L. The Book of Miracles: The Meaning of the Miracle Stories in Christianity, Judaism, Buddhism, Hinduism and Islam. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2001. google scholar
Zimdars-Swartz, Sandra. Encountering Mary: from La Salette to Medjugorje. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1991. google scholar

Toplam 81 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil	Türkçe
Konular	Dini Araştırmalar (Diğer)
Bölüm	Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar	Aykut Özer 0000-0001-7983-5796
Yayımlanma Tarihi	26 Ağustos 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi	26 Nisan 2025
Kabul Tarihi	22 Temmuz 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı	Yıl 2025 Cilt: 36 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

Chicago	Özer, Aykut. “Roma Katolik Kilisesi’nin Mucize Anlayışı: İtirazlar ve Savunmalar”. darulfunun ilahiyat 36, sy. 2 (Ağustos 2025): 477-510. https://doi.org/10.26650/di.2025.36.2.1684761.

Kapak Resmi İndir

Makale Dosyaları

Tam Metin