DIGITALIZATION AGENDA OF PORT SERVICES BRANDS: ONLINE MEDIA CONTENT ANALYSIS
Yıl 2021,
, 267 - 298, 31.12.2021
İsmet Balık
,
Sonay Zeki Aydın
,
Fevzi Bitiktaş
Kaynakça
- Abramowicz, W., Alt, R., ve Franczyk, B. (Eds.). (2016). Business Information Systems: 19th International Conference, BIS 2016, Leipzig, Germany, July 6-8, 2016, Proceedings (Vol. 255). Springer.
- Al-Debi, M. M., El-Haddadeh, R., ve Avison, D. (2008). Defining the business model in the new world of digital business. AMCIS 2008 proceedings, 300.
Arbache, J. (2018). Seizing the benefits of the digital economy for development. www.ictsd.org/opinion/seizing-the-benefits-of-the-digital-economy-for-development. Erişim: 05.09.2019
- Ardolino, M., Rapaccini, M., Saccani, N., Gaiardelli, P., Crespi, G., ve Ruggeri, C. (2018). The role of digital technologies for the service transformation of industrial companies. International Journal of Production Research, 56(6), 2116-2132.
- Berg, D. (2015, Eylül). Digitalisation in shipping and logistics. https://www.munichre.com/topics-online/en/mobility-and-transport/transportation-of-cargo/digitalisation-shipping-logistics.html Erişim: 05.09.2019
- Berman, S. J. (2012). Digital transformation: opportunities to create new business models. Strategy & Leadership, 40(2), 16-24. doi: 10.1108/10878571211209314
- Berman, S., ve Marshall, A. (2014). The next digital transformation: from an individual-centered to an everyone-to-everyone economy. Strategy & Leadership, 42(5), 9-17
- Bharadwaj, A., El Sawy, O.A., Pavlou, P.A. ve Venkatraman, N. (2013). Digital business strategy: Toward a next generation of insights. MIS Quarterly, 37(2), 471–482.
- Bitiktaş, F., Akyar, D., A., Koç Tekin, E. ve Çelik, M., S., (2018). Deniz Taşımacılığında Akıllı Konteyner Teknolojisi: Türkiye’deki Uygulamalara Yönelik Bir Araştırma. 1st International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems-BANU-ICTS'18. Balikesir.
- Blackman, J. (2019). Where digital transformation sets sail: The five smartest ports in the world. https://enterpriseiotinsights.com/20190104/channels/fundamentals/five-smartest-ports-in-the-world Erişim: 05.09.2019
- Carlan, V., Sys, C., Vanelslander, T., ve Roumboutsos, A. (2017). Digital innovation in the port sector: Barriers and facilitators. Competition and regulation in network industries, 18(1-2), 71-93.
- Çetin, Ç. K. (2012). Limanlarda örgütsel değişim ve değer zinciri sistemlerinde etkililik analizi. Yayınlanmış doktora tezi. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi.
- Çetin, I. B., Balcı, G. & Esmer, S. (2017). Effects of Prolonged Port Privatization Process: A Case Study of Port of İzmir Alsancak. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Denizcilik Fakültesi Dergisi, 9(2), 112-134.
- Çetinkaya, V. ve Deveci, D. A. (2020). Optimal Sürdürülebilir Rota Tespiti için Gerekli Göstergelerin Bir Çok Kriterli Karar Verme Yöntemi ile Önem Düzeyi Tespiti. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Denizcilik Fakültesi Dergisi, 12(1), 25-46.
- Eryılmaz, M. 2020. Örgütlerde Dijitalizasyon ve Ardılları Üzerine Bir Tartışma. S.109-133. Rüzgar, N. (Ed.). İşletme Yönetimi. Ankara: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
- Esmer, S., Çetin, I. B., & Tuna, O. (2010). A simulation for optimum terminal truck number in a Turkish port based on lean and green concept. The Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics, 26(2), 277-296.
- Esmer, S. (2018). “Tedarik Zincirinde Dijitalleşme Hareketi: Lojistik 4.0.” Denizden Merhaba, IMEAK Deniz Ticaret Odası İzmir Şubesi. Ocak, Şubat, Mart 2018, Sayı 17, s. 12-14.
- Fışkın, R., ve Bitiktaş, F. (2017). Konteyner Terminallerinde Rıhtım Vinci Çizelgeleme Probleminin Çözümüne Yönelik Önerilen Modeller Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Denizcilik Fakültesi Dergisi, 9(2), 136-161.
- Fitzgerald, M., Kruschwitz, N., Bonnet, D., ve Welch, M. (2014). Embracing digital technology: A new strategic imperative. MIT sloan management review, 55(2), 1.
- Fruth, M., ve Teuteberg, F. (2017). Digitization in maritime logistics—What is there and what is missing? Cogent Business & Management, 4(1), 1411066.
- Gökçen, İ. (2016). “Dijital Dönüşüm Üzerine” adlı paylaşıma yapılan yorum. https://ugurozmen.com/bilisim/dijital-donusum Erişim: 05.08.2019
- Granados, N. ve Gupta A., (2015); Transparency Strategy: Competing with Information in a Digital World; MIS Quarterly, 37 (2), 637-641
- Güllüdağ, N. (2014). Yazılı ve görsel basında dil estetiği. 21. Yüzyılda Eğitim Bilimleri ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 1(1), 49-58.
- Heilig, L., ve Voß, S. (2017). Information systems in seaports: a categorization and overview. Information Technology and Management, 18(3), 179-201.
- Heilig, L., Lalla-Ruiz, E., ve Voß, S. (2017). Digital transformation in maritime ports: analysis and a game theoretic framework. NETNOMICS: Economic Research and Electronic Networking, 18(2-3), 227-254.
- Henriette, E., Feki, M., & Boughzala, I. (2015). The shape of digital transformation: a systematic literature review. MCIS 2015 Proceedings, 431-443.
- HPA (2014). Port of Hamburg–digital Gateway to the World. https://www.hamburg-port-authority.de/fileadmin/user_upload/140401_HPA_Broschuere_spl_web.pdf Erişim: 16.08.2019
- Eriş. H., Bucak. F. K., (2020). İnovasyonun Çalışma Performansı Üzerine Etkisi. Avrupa Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, (18), 76-80.
- Hwang, J., ve Christensen, C. M. (2008). Disruptive innovation in health care delivery: a framework for business-model innovation. Health affairs, 27(5), 1329-1335.
- IMO (International Maritime Organization) (2019). IMO Profile. https://business.un.org/en/entities/13 Erişim: 11.09.2019
- Inkinen, T., Helminen, R. ve Saarikoski, J. (2019). Port Digitalization with Open Data: Challenges, Opportunities, and Integrations. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 5(2), 30.
- Ismail, M. H., Khater, M., ve Zaki, M. (2017). Digital Business Transformation and Strategy: What Do We Know So Far. Cambridge Service Alliance, November.
- Janowski, T. (2015); Digital Government Evolution: From Transformation To Contextualization; Government Information Quarterly, Vol 32, Pp. 221-236
- Kane, G. C., Palmer, D., Phillips, A. N., Kiron, D., ve Buckley, N. (2015). Strategy, not technology, drives digital transformation. MIT Sloan Management Review and Deloitte University Press, 14(1-25).
- Kreutzer, R. T., (2014); Digital Darwinism and the Need for a Digital Transformation; 4th Annual International Conference on Business Strategy, Pp. 38-45
- Liu, D. Y., Chen, S. W., ve Chou, T. C. (2011). Resource fit in digital transformation: Lessons learned from the CBC Bank global e-banking project. Management Decision, 49(10), 1728-1742.
- Loebbecke, C., ve Picot, A. (2015). Reflections on societal and business model transformation arising from digitization and big data analytics: A research agenda. The Journal of Strategic Information Systems, 24(3), 149-157.
- Manyika, J., Lund, S., Bughin, J., Woetzel, J. R., Stamenov, K., ve Dhingra, D. (2016). Digital globalization: The new era of global flows (Vol. 4). San Francisco: McKinsey Global Institute.
- Matt, C., Hess, T., ve Benlian, A. (2015). Digital transformation strategies. Business & Information Systems Engineering, 57(5), 339-343.
- Mithas, S., Tafti, A., ve Mitchell, W. (2013). How a firm's competitive environment and digital strategic posture influence digital business strategy. MIS quarterly, 511-536.
- Molavi, A., Lim, G. J., ve Race, B. (2019). A framework for building a smart port and smart port index. International Journal of Sustainable Transportation, 1-13.
- Morakanyane, R., Grace, A. A., ve O'Reilly, P. (2017, June). Conceptualizing Digital Transformation in Business Organizations: A Systematic Review of Literature. In Bled eConference (p. 21).
- Piccinini, E., Hanelt, A., Gregory, R., ve Kolbe, L. (2015). Transforming industrial business: the impact of digital transformation on automotive organizations.; 36th International Conference on Information Systems, Fort Worth
- Probst L., Lefebvre V., Martinez-Diaz C., Unlu Bohn N., PwC, Klitou D., Conrads J. ve CARSA (2018). Digital Transformation Scoreboard 2018: EU businesses go digital: Opportunities outcomes and uptake, Luxembourg.
- Reis, J., Amorim, M., Melão, N., ve Matos, P. (2018, March). Digital transformation: a literature review and guidelines for future research. In World Conference on Information Systems and Technologies (pp. 411-421). Springer, Cham.
- Riedl, J., Delenclos, F. ve Rasmussen, A. (2018). To Get Smart, Ports Go Digital. https://www.bcg.com/publications/2018/to-get-smart-ports-go-digital.aspx Erişim: 09.09.2019.
- Rogers, D. (2017). Dijital Dönüşümde Oyunun Kuralları. İstanbul, Optimist Kitap.
- Schallmo, D., Williams, C. A., ve Boardman, L. (2017). Digital transformation of business models—Best practice, enablers, and roadmap. International Journal of Innovation Management, 21(08), 1740014.
- Schuchmann, D. ve Seufert, S., (2015); Corporate Learning in Times of Digital Transformation: A Conceptual Framework and Service Portfolio for the Learning Function in Banking Organizations; iJAC, Vol 8 No. 1, Pp. 31-39
- Scott, T. (2018). TradeLens: How IBM and Maersk Are Sharing Blockchain to Build a Global Trade Platform. https://www.ibm.com/blogs/think/2018/11/tradelens-how-ibm-and-maersk-are-sharing-blockchain-to-build-a-global-trade-platform/ Erişim: 05.09.2019
- Smith, K.T. (2011) “Digital Marketing Strategies That Millenials Fing Appealing Motivating, Or Just Annoying”. Journal of Strategic Marketing, Cilt 19, Sayı 6, s: 489-499.
- Splash 24/7 (2018). How will digitalisation impact shipping? https://splash247.com/how-will-digitalisation-impact-shipping/ Erişim: 03.09.2019
- Tuna, O. (2016). 9 trilyon dolarlık sektör dijitalleşmenin dışında kalmamalı! http://www.yesillojistikciler.com/yazarlar/prof-dr-okan-tuna/9-trilyon-dolarlik-sektor-dijitallesmenin-disinda-kalmamali/10 Erişim: 11.09.2019
- Tilson, D., Lyytinen, K., ve Sørensen, C. (2010). Research commentary—Digital infrastructures: The missing IS research agenda. Information systems research, 21(4), 748-759.
- TradeLens (2019). The power of the ecosystem. https://www.tradelens.com/ecosystem/ Erişim: 11.09.2019
- TÜRKLİM (Türkiye Liman İşletmecileri Derneği) (2018) Turkish Port Sector 2018 Report, İstanbul.
- UNCTAD (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development) (2018). Review of Maritime Transport, 2003. United Nations Publications.
- Venkatesh, A. (2008). Digital home technologies and transformation of households. Information Systems Frontiers, 10(4), 391-395.
- Venkatraman, N. (1994). IT-enabled business transformation: From automation to business scope redefinition. Sloan Management Review, 35(2), 73–87.
- Wang, Y., Kung, L., ve Byrd, T. A. (2018). Big data analytics: Understanding its capabilities and potential benefits for healthcare organizations. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 126, 3-13.
- Westerman, G., Calméjane, C., Bonnet, D., Ferraris, P., & McAfee, A. (2011). Digital Transformation: A roadmap for billion-dollar organizations. MIT Center for Digital Business and Capgemini Consulting, 1, 1-68.
LİMAN HİZMETLERİ MARKALARININ DİJİTALLEŞME GÜNDEMİ: ÇEVRİM İÇİ MEDYA İÇERİK ANALİZİ
Yıl 2021,
, 267 - 298, 31.12.2021
İsmet Balık
,
Sonay Zeki Aydın
,
Fevzi Bitiktaş
Öz
Denizcilik her ne kadar dijitalleşme konusunda geri kalmış sektörlerden biri olarak anılsa da aslında limancılık alanında sektörün dijital öncülüğünü üstlenen uygulamalar gözlemlenmektedir. Dijitalleşmenin, rekabetçi üstünlüğünü, müşteri memnuniyetini ve pazar payını arttırma gibi fırsatları göz önünde bulundurulduğunda, limanların dijital teknolojileri güdemlerine almaları önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmada Türkiye'deki limanlarının mevcut dijitalleşme gündemine ve dijitalleşmeye verdikleri öneme odaklanılmaktadır. Bu bağlamda Türkiye’de faaliyet gösteren 22 konteyner limanının 30.06.2018-30.06.2019 tarihleri arasında çevrim içi yazılı medyada yer alan haber niteliğindeki içerikleri incelenmiştir. Sistematik bir şekilde yapılan içerik taraması Google arama motoru aracılığıyla gerçekleştirilmiş ve 267 adet haber niteliğinde yazılı medya içeriğine ulaşılmıştır. Yazılı içerikler NVIVO-10 programı aracılığıyla dijitalleşme konusu kapsamında analiz edilmiştir. Böylece limanların en çok hangi teknolojilerle gündeme geldiği ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Analizler neticesinde dijitalleşme konusuyla en fazla gündeme gelen limanlar sırasıyla Port Akdeniz, Asyaport, DP World ve MIP olmuştur. Otomasyon ve uzaktan kumandalı sistemler, simülasyon ve takip sistemleri ise konteyner limanlarıyla en fazla gündeme gelen teknolojiler olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Çalışmada ayrıca limanların genel ve teknoloji gündemlerini görselleştimek amacıyla kelime bulutları oluşturulmuştur. Araştırma sonuçları Türkiye’deki konteyner limanlarının dijitalleşme konusunu yeteri kadar gündeme getirmediklerini göstermektedir. Yeni nesil dijital teknolojilerin limanlara kolaylıkla uygulanabilir olduğu ve sunduğu fırsatlar göz önünde bulundurulduğunda, limanların paydaşlarıyla dijital bir strateji oluşturup takip etmeleri önerilmektedir.
Kaynakça
- Abramowicz, W., Alt, R., ve Franczyk, B. (Eds.). (2016). Business Information Systems: 19th International Conference, BIS 2016, Leipzig, Germany, July 6-8, 2016, Proceedings (Vol. 255). Springer.
- Al-Debi, M. M., El-Haddadeh, R., ve Avison, D. (2008). Defining the business model in the new world of digital business. AMCIS 2008 proceedings, 300.
Arbache, J. (2018). Seizing the benefits of the digital economy for development. www.ictsd.org/opinion/seizing-the-benefits-of-the-digital-economy-for-development. Erişim: 05.09.2019
- Ardolino, M., Rapaccini, M., Saccani, N., Gaiardelli, P., Crespi, G., ve Ruggeri, C. (2018). The role of digital technologies for the service transformation of industrial companies. International Journal of Production Research, 56(6), 2116-2132.
- Berg, D. (2015, Eylül). Digitalisation in shipping and logistics. https://www.munichre.com/topics-online/en/mobility-and-transport/transportation-of-cargo/digitalisation-shipping-logistics.html Erişim: 05.09.2019
- Berman, S. J. (2012). Digital transformation: opportunities to create new business models. Strategy & Leadership, 40(2), 16-24. doi: 10.1108/10878571211209314
- Berman, S., ve Marshall, A. (2014). The next digital transformation: from an individual-centered to an everyone-to-everyone economy. Strategy & Leadership, 42(5), 9-17
- Bharadwaj, A., El Sawy, O.A., Pavlou, P.A. ve Venkatraman, N. (2013). Digital business strategy: Toward a next generation of insights. MIS Quarterly, 37(2), 471–482.
- Bitiktaş, F., Akyar, D., A., Koç Tekin, E. ve Çelik, M., S., (2018). Deniz Taşımacılığında Akıllı Konteyner Teknolojisi: Türkiye’deki Uygulamalara Yönelik Bir Araştırma. 1st International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems-BANU-ICTS'18. Balikesir.
- Blackman, J. (2019). Where digital transformation sets sail: The five smartest ports in the world. https://enterpriseiotinsights.com/20190104/channels/fundamentals/five-smartest-ports-in-the-world Erişim: 05.09.2019
- Carlan, V., Sys, C., Vanelslander, T., ve Roumboutsos, A. (2017). Digital innovation in the port sector: Barriers and facilitators. Competition and regulation in network industries, 18(1-2), 71-93.
- Çetin, Ç. K. (2012). Limanlarda örgütsel değişim ve değer zinciri sistemlerinde etkililik analizi. Yayınlanmış doktora tezi. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi.
- Çetin, I. B., Balcı, G. & Esmer, S. (2017). Effects of Prolonged Port Privatization Process: A Case Study of Port of İzmir Alsancak. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Denizcilik Fakültesi Dergisi, 9(2), 112-134.
- Çetinkaya, V. ve Deveci, D. A. (2020). Optimal Sürdürülebilir Rota Tespiti için Gerekli Göstergelerin Bir Çok Kriterli Karar Verme Yöntemi ile Önem Düzeyi Tespiti. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Denizcilik Fakültesi Dergisi, 12(1), 25-46.
- Eryılmaz, M. 2020. Örgütlerde Dijitalizasyon ve Ardılları Üzerine Bir Tartışma. S.109-133. Rüzgar, N. (Ed.). İşletme Yönetimi. Ankara: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
- Esmer, S., Çetin, I. B., & Tuna, O. (2010). A simulation for optimum terminal truck number in a Turkish port based on lean and green concept. The Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics, 26(2), 277-296.
- Esmer, S. (2018). “Tedarik Zincirinde Dijitalleşme Hareketi: Lojistik 4.0.” Denizden Merhaba, IMEAK Deniz Ticaret Odası İzmir Şubesi. Ocak, Şubat, Mart 2018, Sayı 17, s. 12-14.
- Fışkın, R., ve Bitiktaş, F. (2017). Konteyner Terminallerinde Rıhtım Vinci Çizelgeleme Probleminin Çözümüne Yönelik Önerilen Modeller Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Denizcilik Fakültesi Dergisi, 9(2), 136-161.
- Fitzgerald, M., Kruschwitz, N., Bonnet, D., ve Welch, M. (2014). Embracing digital technology: A new strategic imperative. MIT sloan management review, 55(2), 1.
- Fruth, M., ve Teuteberg, F. (2017). Digitization in maritime logistics—What is there and what is missing? Cogent Business & Management, 4(1), 1411066.
- Gökçen, İ. (2016). “Dijital Dönüşüm Üzerine” adlı paylaşıma yapılan yorum. https://ugurozmen.com/bilisim/dijital-donusum Erişim: 05.08.2019
- Granados, N. ve Gupta A., (2015); Transparency Strategy: Competing with Information in a Digital World; MIS Quarterly, 37 (2), 637-641
- Güllüdağ, N. (2014). Yazılı ve görsel basında dil estetiği. 21. Yüzyılda Eğitim Bilimleri ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 1(1), 49-58.
- Heilig, L., ve Voß, S. (2017). Information systems in seaports: a categorization and overview. Information Technology and Management, 18(3), 179-201.
- Heilig, L., Lalla-Ruiz, E., ve Voß, S. (2017). Digital transformation in maritime ports: analysis and a game theoretic framework. NETNOMICS: Economic Research and Electronic Networking, 18(2-3), 227-254.
- Henriette, E., Feki, M., & Boughzala, I. (2015). The shape of digital transformation: a systematic literature review. MCIS 2015 Proceedings, 431-443.
- HPA (2014). Port of Hamburg–digital Gateway to the World. https://www.hamburg-port-authority.de/fileadmin/user_upload/140401_HPA_Broschuere_spl_web.pdf Erişim: 16.08.2019
- Eriş. H., Bucak. F. K., (2020). İnovasyonun Çalışma Performansı Üzerine Etkisi. Avrupa Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, (18), 76-80.
- Hwang, J., ve Christensen, C. M. (2008). Disruptive innovation in health care delivery: a framework for business-model innovation. Health affairs, 27(5), 1329-1335.
- IMO (International Maritime Organization) (2019). IMO Profile. https://business.un.org/en/entities/13 Erişim: 11.09.2019
- Inkinen, T., Helminen, R. ve Saarikoski, J. (2019). Port Digitalization with Open Data: Challenges, Opportunities, and Integrations. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 5(2), 30.
- Ismail, M. H., Khater, M., ve Zaki, M. (2017). Digital Business Transformation and Strategy: What Do We Know So Far. Cambridge Service Alliance, November.
- Janowski, T. (2015); Digital Government Evolution: From Transformation To Contextualization; Government Information Quarterly, Vol 32, Pp. 221-236
- Kane, G. C., Palmer, D., Phillips, A. N., Kiron, D., ve Buckley, N. (2015). Strategy, not technology, drives digital transformation. MIT Sloan Management Review and Deloitte University Press, 14(1-25).
- Kreutzer, R. T., (2014); Digital Darwinism and the Need for a Digital Transformation; 4th Annual International Conference on Business Strategy, Pp. 38-45
- Liu, D. Y., Chen, S. W., ve Chou, T. C. (2011). Resource fit in digital transformation: Lessons learned from the CBC Bank global e-banking project. Management Decision, 49(10), 1728-1742.
- Loebbecke, C., ve Picot, A. (2015). Reflections on societal and business model transformation arising from digitization and big data analytics: A research agenda. The Journal of Strategic Information Systems, 24(3), 149-157.
- Manyika, J., Lund, S., Bughin, J., Woetzel, J. R., Stamenov, K., ve Dhingra, D. (2016). Digital globalization: The new era of global flows (Vol. 4). San Francisco: McKinsey Global Institute.
- Matt, C., Hess, T., ve Benlian, A. (2015). Digital transformation strategies. Business & Information Systems Engineering, 57(5), 339-343.
- Mithas, S., Tafti, A., ve Mitchell, W. (2013). How a firm's competitive environment and digital strategic posture influence digital business strategy. MIS quarterly, 511-536.
- Molavi, A., Lim, G. J., ve Race, B. (2019). A framework for building a smart port and smart port index. International Journal of Sustainable Transportation, 1-13.
- Morakanyane, R., Grace, A. A., ve O'Reilly, P. (2017, June). Conceptualizing Digital Transformation in Business Organizations: A Systematic Review of Literature. In Bled eConference (p. 21).
- Piccinini, E., Hanelt, A., Gregory, R., ve Kolbe, L. (2015). Transforming industrial business: the impact of digital transformation on automotive organizations.; 36th International Conference on Information Systems, Fort Worth
- Probst L., Lefebvre V., Martinez-Diaz C., Unlu Bohn N., PwC, Klitou D., Conrads J. ve CARSA (2018). Digital Transformation Scoreboard 2018: EU businesses go digital: Opportunities outcomes and uptake, Luxembourg.
- Reis, J., Amorim, M., Melão, N., ve Matos, P. (2018, March). Digital transformation: a literature review and guidelines for future research. In World Conference on Information Systems and Technologies (pp. 411-421). Springer, Cham.
- Riedl, J., Delenclos, F. ve Rasmussen, A. (2018). To Get Smart, Ports Go Digital. https://www.bcg.com/publications/2018/to-get-smart-ports-go-digital.aspx Erişim: 09.09.2019.
- Rogers, D. (2017). Dijital Dönüşümde Oyunun Kuralları. İstanbul, Optimist Kitap.
- Schallmo, D., Williams, C. A., ve Boardman, L. (2017). Digital transformation of business models—Best practice, enablers, and roadmap. International Journal of Innovation Management, 21(08), 1740014.
- Schuchmann, D. ve Seufert, S., (2015); Corporate Learning in Times of Digital Transformation: A Conceptual Framework and Service Portfolio for the Learning Function in Banking Organizations; iJAC, Vol 8 No. 1, Pp. 31-39
- Scott, T. (2018). TradeLens: How IBM and Maersk Are Sharing Blockchain to Build a Global Trade Platform. https://www.ibm.com/blogs/think/2018/11/tradelens-how-ibm-and-maersk-are-sharing-blockchain-to-build-a-global-trade-platform/ Erişim: 05.09.2019
- Smith, K.T. (2011) “Digital Marketing Strategies That Millenials Fing Appealing Motivating, Or Just Annoying”. Journal of Strategic Marketing, Cilt 19, Sayı 6, s: 489-499.
- Splash 24/7 (2018). How will digitalisation impact shipping? https://splash247.com/how-will-digitalisation-impact-shipping/ Erişim: 03.09.2019
- Tuna, O. (2016). 9 trilyon dolarlık sektör dijitalleşmenin dışında kalmamalı! http://www.yesillojistikciler.com/yazarlar/prof-dr-okan-tuna/9-trilyon-dolarlik-sektor-dijitallesmenin-disinda-kalmamali/10 Erişim: 11.09.2019
- Tilson, D., Lyytinen, K., ve Sørensen, C. (2010). Research commentary—Digital infrastructures: The missing IS research agenda. Information systems research, 21(4), 748-759.
- TradeLens (2019). The power of the ecosystem. https://www.tradelens.com/ecosystem/ Erişim: 11.09.2019
- TÜRKLİM (Türkiye Liman İşletmecileri Derneği) (2018) Turkish Port Sector 2018 Report, İstanbul.
- UNCTAD (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development) (2018). Review of Maritime Transport, 2003. United Nations Publications.
- Venkatesh, A. (2008). Digital home technologies and transformation of households. Information Systems Frontiers, 10(4), 391-395.
- Venkatraman, N. (1994). IT-enabled business transformation: From automation to business scope redefinition. Sloan Management Review, 35(2), 73–87.
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