Araştırma Makalesi
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ASPECTS OF CITIZENSHIP AS A CRITERION OF DISCRIMINATION IN TERMS OF HUMAN RIGHTS LAW

Yıl 2024, , 879 - 915, 30.05.2024
https://doi.org/10.33717/deuhfd.1448645

Öz

The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (ICERD), one of the most important instruments in human rights in terms of international law, especially in terms of the prevention of racial discrimination specifically defines racial discrimination as "any distinction, exclusion, restriction, or preference based on race, color, descent, or national or ethnic origin which has the purpose or effect of nullifying or impairing the recognition, enjoyment, or exercise of human rights and fundamental freedoms in any field of political, economic, social, cultural, or community life." However, even when this general definition is considered, most international human rights instruments state that discrimination based on citizenship cannot be considered in this category and citizenship has been accepted as a "legitimate" criterion of discrimination in judicial decisions and domestic legislation. In this study, the nature of the concept of citizenship as a criterion of discrimination in terms of international and regional human rights law mechanisms will be analyzed and the possible limits and effects of this distinction will be discussed.

Kaynakça

  • Arendt, Hannah: The Origins of Totalitarianism, Harvest, United States 1976.
  • Asgharian, Tina: “The Meaning and Scope of ‘National Origin’ in the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination”, SSRN Electronic Journal, September 2020, https://ssrn.com/abstract=3691607, (Erişim tarihi 27.02.2023).
  • Atar, Yavuz, Türk Anayasa Hukuku, Güncellenmiş 16. Baskı, Seçkin Yayınları, Ankara 2023.
  • Aybay, Rona/Özbek, Nimet/Ersen Perçin, Gizem: Vatandaşlık Hukuku, Siyasal Kitabevi, Ankara 2019.
  • Bauböck, Rainer: Transnational Citizenship Membership and Rights in International Migration, Edward Elgar Publishing, United Kingdom 1994.
  • Bayra, Ersin: “Avrupa İnsan Hakları Sözleşmesi Yoluyla Sosyal ve Ekonomik Hakların Dolaylı Olarak Korunması Üzerine Değerlendirmeler”, İstanbul Medeniyet Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, Cilt 8, Sayı 1, 2023, s. 63-113.
  • Benhabib, Seyla: Ötekilerin Hakları Yabancılar, Yerliler, Vatandaşlar (çev. Berna Akkıyal), İletişim Yayınları, İstanbul 2006.
  • Brems, Eva: “Indirect Protection of Social Rights by the European Court of Human Rights”, Exploring Social Rights Between Theory and Practice, (Eds. Daphne Barak-Erez ve Aeyal M. Gross) Hart Publishing, United Kingdom, 2007, s. 135-167.
  • Brouwer, Evelien/de Vries, Karin: “Third-Country Nationals and Discrimination on the Ground of Nationality: Article 18 TFEU in the Context of Article 14 ECHR and EU Migration Law: Time for a New Approach”, Equality and Human Rights: Nothing but Trouble?, (Eds. M. Van den Brink, S. Burri, and J. Goldschmidt), Netherlands Institute of Human Rights, Utrecht 2015, s. 123-146.
  • Brubaker, Rogers: Ethnicity Without Groups, Harvard University Press, United States 2004.
  • Can, Hacı: “Yabancıların Hukuki Durumları Bağlamında Ortaya Çıkan Anayasal Meseleler”, Anayasa Yargısı, Cilt 40, Sayı 2, 2023, s. 25-85.
  • Castles, Stephen/Davidson, Alastair: Citizenship and Migration Globalisation and the Politics of Belonging, Routledge, United Kingdom 2000.
  • Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights: General Comment No. 20 Non-discrimination in Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (art. 2, para. 2, of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights), E/C.12/GC/20, 2 July 2009.
  • Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination: General Recommendation XI on Non-Citizens, A/48/18, 1994.
  • Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination: General Recommendation XXX Discrimination against Non-citizens, CERD/C/64/Misc.11/rev.3, 23 Februrary-12 March 2004.
  • Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination: Interstate Communications Qatar v. Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and Qatar v. United Arab Emirates, https://www.ohchr.org/en/treaty-bodies/cerd/ inter-state-communications (Erişim tarihi 03.03.2023).
  • Committee on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families: General Comment No. 2, CMW/C/GC/2, 28 August 2013.
  • Costello, Cathryn/Foster, Michelle: “(Some) Refugees Welcome: When is Differentiating between Refugees Unlawful Discrimination?”, International Journal of Discrimination and the Law, Cilt 22, Sayı 3, 2022, s. 244-280.
  • Council of Europe: European Social Charter Appendix (Revised), 3 May 1996.
  • Council of Europe: Explanatory Report to the European Convention on Nationality, 6 November 1997.
  • Council of Europe: Explanatory Report to the Protocol No. 12 to the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, 04 November 2000.
  • de Vries, Karin: “Rewriting Abdulaziz: The ECtHR Grand Chamber’s Ruling in Biao v. Denmark”, European Journal of Migration and Law, Cilt 18, Sayı 4, 2016, s. 467-479.
  • Dembour, Marie-Benedicte: “Gaygusuz Revisited: The Limits of the European Court of Human Rights’ Equality Agenda”, Human Rights Law Review, Cilt 12, Sayı 4, December 2012, s. 689-721.
  • Diaconu, Ion: “ICERD: The Next Fifty Years”, Fifty Years of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, (Eds. David Keane ve Annapurna Waughray), Manchester University Press, United Kingdom, 2017, s. 269-279.
  • Diener, Alexander C.: “Re-Scaling The Geography of Citizenship”, The Oxford Handbook of Citizenship, (Eds. Ayelet Shachar, Rainer Bauböck, Irene Bloemraad ve Maarten Vink), Oxford University Press, United States 2017, s. 36-59.
  • Ekşi, Nuray: Yabancılar ve Uluslararası Koruma Hukuku, KHK-703 ve Cumhurbaşkanlığı Kararnamelerine Göre Hazırlanmış 5. Baskı, Beta Yayıncılık, İstanbul, 2018.
  • Ellermann, Antje: “Discrimination in Migration and Citizenship”, Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, Volume 46, Issue 12: Special Issue: Discrimination in Migration and Citizenship, 2020, s. 2463-2479.
  • Eren, Abdurrahman: Anayasa Hukuku Dersleri, Güncellenmiş 5. Baskı, Seçkin Yayınları, Ankara, 2023.
  • European Commission/de Shutter, Olivier: Links between Migration and Discrimination A Legal Analysis of the Situation in EU Member States, Luxembourg 2016.
  • European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights/Council of Europe: Handbook on European Non-Discrimination Law, 2018.
  • Farcy, Jean-Baptiste: “Equality in Immigration Law: An Impossible Quest?” Human Rights Law Review, Cilt 20, Sayı 4, 2020, s. 725-744.
  • Foster, Michelle/Baker, Timnah Rachel: “Racial Discrimination In Nationality Laws: A Doctrinal Blind Spot Of International Law?” Columbia Journal of Race and Law, Cilt. 11, Sayı 1, January 2021, s. 83-146.
  • Friðriksdóttir, Bjarney: What Happened to Equality? The Construction of the Right to Equal Treatment of Third-Country Nationals in European Union Law on Labour Migration, Brill-Nijhoff, Netherlands 2017.
  • Gözler, Kemal: Türk Anayasa Hukuku, 3. Baskı, Ekin Basım Yayın Dağıtım, Bursa, 2019.
  • Groenendijk, Kees: “Article 40 – Right to Vote and to Stand as a Candidate at Municipal Elections”, The EU Charter of Fundamental Rights A Commentary, (Eds. Steve Peers, Tamara Hervey, Jeff Kenner ve Angela Ward), Second Edition, Hart Publishing, United Kingdom, 2021, s. 1113-1123.
  • Harris, David/O’Boyle, Michael/Bates, Ed/Buckley, Carla: Avrupa İnsan Hakları Sözleşmesi Hukuku (çev. Mehveş Bingöllü Kılcı ve Ulaş Karan), Güncelleştirilmiş 4. Baskı, İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları, İstanbul 2021.
  • Human Rights Committee: CCPR General Comment No. 15: The Position of Aliens Under the Covenant, 11 April 1986.
  • Leijten, Ingrid: Core Socio-Economic Rights and the European Court of Human Rights, Cambridge University Press, United Kingdom, 2018.
  • Lerner, Natan: The UN Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, Brill, Netherlands, 2015.
  • McCormack-George, Dáire: “Equal Treatment of Third-Country Nationals in the European Union: Why Not?”, European Journal of Migration and Law, Cilt 21, Sayı 1, 2019, s. 53-82.
  • Meron, Theodor: “The Meaning and Reach of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination”, The American Journal of International Law, Cilt 79, Sayı 2, April 1985, s. 283-318.
  • Migration Policy Group: Handbook on the Racial Equality Directive, September 2020.
  • Nomer, Ergin: Türk Vatandaşlık Hukuku, Yenilenmiş 30. Bası, Filiz Kitabevi, İstanbul 2022.
  • Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights: The Rights of Non-citizens, New York and Geneva 2006.
  • Öden, Merih A.: Türk Anayasa Hukukunda Eşitlik İlkesi (Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi), Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, 1989.
  • Özkan, Işıl: “Yeni Vatandaşlık Türleri: Çağdaş Bir Tipoloji mi?” D.E.Ü. Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, Prof. Dr. Durmuş̧ TEZCAN’a Armağan, Cilt 21, Özel Sayı, 2019, s. 2205-2251.
  • Pazarcı, Hüseyin: Uluslararası Hukuk Dersleri II. Kitap, Gözden Geçirilmiş 6. Baskı, Turhan Kitabevi, Ankara 1999. Peers, Steve: “Immigration, Asylum and the European Union Charter of Fundamental Rights.” European Journal of Migration and Law, Cilt 3, Sayı 2, 2001, s. 141-169.
  • Schwelb, Egon: “The International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination”, The International and Comparative Law Quarterly, Cilt 15, Sayı 4, October 1966, s. 996-1068.
  • Spiro, Peter J: “A New International Law of Citizenship”, The American Journal of International Law, Cilt 105, Sayı 4, 2011, s. 694-746.
  • Tanör, Bülent/Yüzbaşıoğlu, Necmi: 1982 Anayasasına Göre Türk Anayasa Hukuku (2001 Anayasa Değişikliklerine Göre), Yapı Kredi Yayınları, İstanbul, 2004.
  • Ulfstein, Geir: “Who is the Final Interpreter in Human Rights: The ICJ v CERD?”, Blog of the Journal of International Law, 22 February 2021, https://www.ejiltalk.org/who-is-the-final-interpreter-in-human-rights-the-icj-v-cerd/ (Erişim Tarihi 03.03.2023).
  • Uygun, Oktay: Devlet Teorisi, On İki Levha Yayıncılık, İstanbul 2017.
  • Vink, Maarten: “Comparing Citizenship Regimes”, The Oxford Handbook of Citizenship, (Eds. Ayelet Shachar, Rainer Bauböck, Irene Bloemraad ve Maarten Vink), Oxford University Press, United States 2017, s. 221-244.
  • Wimmer, Andreas: Ethnic Boundary Making Institutions, Power, Networks, Oxford University Press, United States 2013.
  • Worster, William Thomas: “Discrimination on the Basis of Nationality Under the Convention on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination”, Pace International Law Review, Cilt 35, Sayı 1, December 2022, s. 41-83.
  • Ziegler, Reuven: “Political Rights of Aliens Articles 10, 11 and 16 of the ECHR and Article 3 of Additional Protocol I”, Aliens before the European Court of Human Rights Ensuring Minimum Standards of Human Rights Protection (Eds. David Moya and Georgios Milios), Brill Nijhoff, Netherlands, 2021, s. 172-190.

BİR AYRIMCILIK TEMELİ OLARAK VATANDAŞLIĞIN İNSAN HAKLARI HUKUKU BAKIMINDAN GÖRÜNÜMLERİ

Yıl 2024, , 879 - 915, 30.05.2024
https://doi.org/10.33717/deuhfd.1448645

Öz

Uluslararası hukuk bakımından özellikle ırk temelli ayrımcılığın önlenmesi açısından en önemli insan hakları belgelerinden birisi olan Her Türlü Irk Ayrımcılığının Ortadan Kaldırılmasına İlişkin Sözleşme (ICERD) ırk ayrımcılığını “siyasi, ekonomik, sosyal, kültürel veya toplumsal yaşamın herhangi bir alanında, insan hakları ve temel özgürlüklerin tanınmasını, uygulanmasını, bu hak ve özgürlüklerden yararlanılmasını ortadan kaldırmak veya zayıflatmak amacına ya da etkisine yönelik ırk, renk, soy ya da ulusal veya etnik kökene dayalı her türlü ayrım, dışlama, kısıtlama ya da tercih” olarak belirtmiştir. Ancak bu genel tanım ele alındığında dahi çoğu uluslararası insan haklarına ilişkin belgede vatandaşlık kıstasına göre yapılan ayrımların bu kategoride değerlendirilemeyeceği belirtilmiş ve vatandaşlık “meşru” bir ayrımcılık ölçütü olarak yargı kararlarında ve iç hukuk mevzuatında kabul edilmiştir. Bu çalışmamızda da bir ayrım kriteri olarak vatandaşlık kavramının uluslararası ve bölgesel insan hakları hukuku mekanizmaları bakımından niteliği incelenip bu ayrımın olası sınırları ve etkilerine yer verilecektir.

Etik Beyan

Bu makale Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi Araştırma ve Yayın Etiği Kurallarına uygun olarak hazırlanmıştır.

Kaynakça

  • Arendt, Hannah: The Origins of Totalitarianism, Harvest, United States 1976.
  • Asgharian, Tina: “The Meaning and Scope of ‘National Origin’ in the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination”, SSRN Electronic Journal, September 2020, https://ssrn.com/abstract=3691607, (Erişim tarihi 27.02.2023).
  • Atar, Yavuz, Türk Anayasa Hukuku, Güncellenmiş 16. Baskı, Seçkin Yayınları, Ankara 2023.
  • Aybay, Rona/Özbek, Nimet/Ersen Perçin, Gizem: Vatandaşlık Hukuku, Siyasal Kitabevi, Ankara 2019.
  • Bauböck, Rainer: Transnational Citizenship Membership and Rights in International Migration, Edward Elgar Publishing, United Kingdom 1994.
  • Bayra, Ersin: “Avrupa İnsan Hakları Sözleşmesi Yoluyla Sosyal ve Ekonomik Hakların Dolaylı Olarak Korunması Üzerine Değerlendirmeler”, İstanbul Medeniyet Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, Cilt 8, Sayı 1, 2023, s. 63-113.
  • Benhabib, Seyla: Ötekilerin Hakları Yabancılar, Yerliler, Vatandaşlar (çev. Berna Akkıyal), İletişim Yayınları, İstanbul 2006.
  • Brems, Eva: “Indirect Protection of Social Rights by the European Court of Human Rights”, Exploring Social Rights Between Theory and Practice, (Eds. Daphne Barak-Erez ve Aeyal M. Gross) Hart Publishing, United Kingdom, 2007, s. 135-167.
  • Brouwer, Evelien/de Vries, Karin: “Third-Country Nationals and Discrimination on the Ground of Nationality: Article 18 TFEU in the Context of Article 14 ECHR and EU Migration Law: Time for a New Approach”, Equality and Human Rights: Nothing but Trouble?, (Eds. M. Van den Brink, S. Burri, and J. Goldschmidt), Netherlands Institute of Human Rights, Utrecht 2015, s. 123-146.
  • Brubaker, Rogers: Ethnicity Without Groups, Harvard University Press, United States 2004.
  • Can, Hacı: “Yabancıların Hukuki Durumları Bağlamında Ortaya Çıkan Anayasal Meseleler”, Anayasa Yargısı, Cilt 40, Sayı 2, 2023, s. 25-85.
  • Castles, Stephen/Davidson, Alastair: Citizenship and Migration Globalisation and the Politics of Belonging, Routledge, United Kingdom 2000.
  • Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights: General Comment No. 20 Non-discrimination in Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (art. 2, para. 2, of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights), E/C.12/GC/20, 2 July 2009.
  • Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination: General Recommendation XI on Non-Citizens, A/48/18, 1994.
  • Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination: General Recommendation XXX Discrimination against Non-citizens, CERD/C/64/Misc.11/rev.3, 23 Februrary-12 March 2004.
  • Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination: Interstate Communications Qatar v. Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and Qatar v. United Arab Emirates, https://www.ohchr.org/en/treaty-bodies/cerd/ inter-state-communications (Erişim tarihi 03.03.2023).
  • Committee on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families: General Comment No. 2, CMW/C/GC/2, 28 August 2013.
  • Costello, Cathryn/Foster, Michelle: “(Some) Refugees Welcome: When is Differentiating between Refugees Unlawful Discrimination?”, International Journal of Discrimination and the Law, Cilt 22, Sayı 3, 2022, s. 244-280.
  • Council of Europe: European Social Charter Appendix (Revised), 3 May 1996.
  • Council of Europe: Explanatory Report to the European Convention on Nationality, 6 November 1997.
  • Council of Europe: Explanatory Report to the Protocol No. 12 to the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, 04 November 2000.
  • de Vries, Karin: “Rewriting Abdulaziz: The ECtHR Grand Chamber’s Ruling in Biao v. Denmark”, European Journal of Migration and Law, Cilt 18, Sayı 4, 2016, s. 467-479.
  • Dembour, Marie-Benedicte: “Gaygusuz Revisited: The Limits of the European Court of Human Rights’ Equality Agenda”, Human Rights Law Review, Cilt 12, Sayı 4, December 2012, s. 689-721.
  • Diaconu, Ion: “ICERD: The Next Fifty Years”, Fifty Years of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, (Eds. David Keane ve Annapurna Waughray), Manchester University Press, United Kingdom, 2017, s. 269-279.
  • Diener, Alexander C.: “Re-Scaling The Geography of Citizenship”, The Oxford Handbook of Citizenship, (Eds. Ayelet Shachar, Rainer Bauböck, Irene Bloemraad ve Maarten Vink), Oxford University Press, United States 2017, s. 36-59.
  • Ekşi, Nuray: Yabancılar ve Uluslararası Koruma Hukuku, KHK-703 ve Cumhurbaşkanlığı Kararnamelerine Göre Hazırlanmış 5. Baskı, Beta Yayıncılık, İstanbul, 2018.
  • Ellermann, Antje: “Discrimination in Migration and Citizenship”, Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, Volume 46, Issue 12: Special Issue: Discrimination in Migration and Citizenship, 2020, s. 2463-2479.
  • Eren, Abdurrahman: Anayasa Hukuku Dersleri, Güncellenmiş 5. Baskı, Seçkin Yayınları, Ankara, 2023.
  • European Commission/de Shutter, Olivier: Links between Migration and Discrimination A Legal Analysis of the Situation in EU Member States, Luxembourg 2016.
  • European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights/Council of Europe: Handbook on European Non-Discrimination Law, 2018.
  • Farcy, Jean-Baptiste: “Equality in Immigration Law: An Impossible Quest?” Human Rights Law Review, Cilt 20, Sayı 4, 2020, s. 725-744.
  • Foster, Michelle/Baker, Timnah Rachel: “Racial Discrimination In Nationality Laws: A Doctrinal Blind Spot Of International Law?” Columbia Journal of Race and Law, Cilt. 11, Sayı 1, January 2021, s. 83-146.
  • Friðriksdóttir, Bjarney: What Happened to Equality? The Construction of the Right to Equal Treatment of Third-Country Nationals in European Union Law on Labour Migration, Brill-Nijhoff, Netherlands 2017.
  • Gözler, Kemal: Türk Anayasa Hukuku, 3. Baskı, Ekin Basım Yayın Dağıtım, Bursa, 2019.
  • Groenendijk, Kees: “Article 40 – Right to Vote and to Stand as a Candidate at Municipal Elections”, The EU Charter of Fundamental Rights A Commentary, (Eds. Steve Peers, Tamara Hervey, Jeff Kenner ve Angela Ward), Second Edition, Hart Publishing, United Kingdom, 2021, s. 1113-1123.
  • Harris, David/O’Boyle, Michael/Bates, Ed/Buckley, Carla: Avrupa İnsan Hakları Sözleşmesi Hukuku (çev. Mehveş Bingöllü Kılcı ve Ulaş Karan), Güncelleştirilmiş 4. Baskı, İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları, İstanbul 2021.
  • Human Rights Committee: CCPR General Comment No. 15: The Position of Aliens Under the Covenant, 11 April 1986.
  • Leijten, Ingrid: Core Socio-Economic Rights and the European Court of Human Rights, Cambridge University Press, United Kingdom, 2018.
  • Lerner, Natan: The UN Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, Brill, Netherlands, 2015.
  • McCormack-George, Dáire: “Equal Treatment of Third-Country Nationals in the European Union: Why Not?”, European Journal of Migration and Law, Cilt 21, Sayı 1, 2019, s. 53-82.
  • Meron, Theodor: “The Meaning and Reach of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination”, The American Journal of International Law, Cilt 79, Sayı 2, April 1985, s. 283-318.
  • Migration Policy Group: Handbook on the Racial Equality Directive, September 2020.
  • Nomer, Ergin: Türk Vatandaşlık Hukuku, Yenilenmiş 30. Bası, Filiz Kitabevi, İstanbul 2022.
  • Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights: The Rights of Non-citizens, New York and Geneva 2006.
  • Öden, Merih A.: Türk Anayasa Hukukunda Eşitlik İlkesi (Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi), Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, 1989.
  • Özkan, Işıl: “Yeni Vatandaşlık Türleri: Çağdaş Bir Tipoloji mi?” D.E.Ü. Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, Prof. Dr. Durmuş̧ TEZCAN’a Armağan, Cilt 21, Özel Sayı, 2019, s. 2205-2251.
  • Pazarcı, Hüseyin: Uluslararası Hukuk Dersleri II. Kitap, Gözden Geçirilmiş 6. Baskı, Turhan Kitabevi, Ankara 1999. Peers, Steve: “Immigration, Asylum and the European Union Charter of Fundamental Rights.” European Journal of Migration and Law, Cilt 3, Sayı 2, 2001, s. 141-169.
  • Schwelb, Egon: “The International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination”, The International and Comparative Law Quarterly, Cilt 15, Sayı 4, October 1966, s. 996-1068.
  • Spiro, Peter J: “A New International Law of Citizenship”, The American Journal of International Law, Cilt 105, Sayı 4, 2011, s. 694-746.
  • Tanör, Bülent/Yüzbaşıoğlu, Necmi: 1982 Anayasasına Göre Türk Anayasa Hukuku (2001 Anayasa Değişikliklerine Göre), Yapı Kredi Yayınları, İstanbul, 2004.
  • Ulfstein, Geir: “Who is the Final Interpreter in Human Rights: The ICJ v CERD?”, Blog of the Journal of International Law, 22 February 2021, https://www.ejiltalk.org/who-is-the-final-interpreter-in-human-rights-the-icj-v-cerd/ (Erişim Tarihi 03.03.2023).
  • Uygun, Oktay: Devlet Teorisi, On İki Levha Yayıncılık, İstanbul 2017.
  • Vink, Maarten: “Comparing Citizenship Regimes”, The Oxford Handbook of Citizenship, (Eds. Ayelet Shachar, Rainer Bauböck, Irene Bloemraad ve Maarten Vink), Oxford University Press, United States 2017, s. 221-244.
  • Wimmer, Andreas: Ethnic Boundary Making Institutions, Power, Networks, Oxford University Press, United States 2013.
  • Worster, William Thomas: “Discrimination on the Basis of Nationality Under the Convention on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination”, Pace International Law Review, Cilt 35, Sayı 1, December 2022, s. 41-83.
  • Ziegler, Reuven: “Political Rights of Aliens Articles 10, 11 and 16 of the ECHR and Article 3 of Additional Protocol I”, Aliens before the European Court of Human Rights Ensuring Minimum Standards of Human Rights Protection (Eds. David Moya and Georgios Milios), Brill Nijhoff, Netherlands, 2021, s. 172-190.
Toplam 56 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Hukuk (Diğer), Kamu Hukuku (Diğer)
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Vahit Mert Körpe 0000-0001-6374-3571

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Mayıs 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 7 Mart 2024
Kabul Tarihi 16 Mayıs 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024

Kaynak Göster

Chicago Körpe, Vahit Mert. “BİR AYRIMCILIK TEMELİ OLARAK VATANDAŞLIĞIN İNSAN HAKLARI HUKUKU BAKIMINDAN GÖRÜNÜMLERİ”. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi 26, sy. 1 (Mayıs 2024): 879-915. https://doi.org/10.33717/deuhfd.1448645.

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