keV X-ışınları Kullanılarak Platin Nanopartiküllerin Doz Artırma Oranının Nicel Değerlendirmesi: Bir Monte Carlo Simülasyon Çalışması

Öz

Düşük enerjili X-ışınları, sağlıklı dokulara en az zarar vererek yüzeysel lezyonları hedeflemedeki etkinlikleri nedeniyle cilt kanserleri ve dermatolojik bozuklukların tedavisinde yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Radyoterapide nanopartiküllerin kullanılması, serbest radikal üretimini ve ikincil elektron üretimini artırarak doz iletimini geliştirmesi açısından dikkat çekmiştir. Bu çalışmada, 6 mg/g ve 18 mg/g konsantrasyonlarındaki platin nanopartiküller, çeşitli keV enerji seviyelerinde doz artırma oranını (DER) değerlendirmek için yumuşak doku fantomuna dahil edilmiştir. Monte Carlo simülasyonları, düşük enerjili elektron etkileşimlerinin yüksek doğrulukta modellenmesi için iz yapısı (TS) algoritmasını kullanan TOPAS arayüzlü Geant4-DNA kodu kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sonuçlar, daha yüksek NP konsantrasyonları ve daha düşük foton enerjileri ile DER'de belirgin bir artış olduğunu göstermiştir. En yüksek DER (2,66703) 18 mg/g platin konsantrasyonunda 80 keV X-ışınları ile elde edilirken, en düşük DER (1,01222) 6 mg/g konsantrasyonunda 550 keV X-ışınları ile gözlenmiştir. Bulgular, platin nanopartiküllerin, özellikle fotoelektrik etkinin baskın olduğu düşük enerji seviyelerinde, ortamda absorbe edilen dozu önemli ölçüde artırdığını göstermektedir. Bu çalışma, platin nanopartiküllerin düşük enerjili X ışınlarıyla birlikte kullanılmasının yüzey tümör tedavilerinin etkinliğini artırabileceğini göstermektedir. Farklı nanoparçacık türleri, konsantrasyonları ve radyasyon enerjileriyle yapılacak daha ileri çalışmalar, tedavi stratejilerini iyileştirmek ve daha iyi sonuçlar elde etmek için önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Platinyum Nanopartikülü
• X-Rays
• Doz Arttırma Oranı

Quantitative Assessment of Dose Enhancement Ratio of Platinum Nanoparticles Using keV X-rays: A Monte Carlo Simulation Study

Öz

Low-energy X-rays are widely used in treating skin cancers and dermatological disorders due to their effectiveness in targeting superficial lesions with minimal damage to healthy tissues. The introduction of nanoparticles in radiotherapy has gained attention for enhancing dose delivery through increased free radical production and secondary electron generation. In this study, platinum nanoparticles at concentrations of 6 mg/g and 18 mg/g were incorporated into a soft tissue phantom to evaluate the dose enhancement ratio (DER) at various keV energy levels. Monte Carlo simulations were conducted using the Geant4-DNA code with the TOPAS interface, employing the track structure (TS) algorithm for high-accuracy modeling of low-energy electron interactions. Results showed a clear increase in DER with higher NP concentrations and lower photon energies. The highest DER (2.66703) was obtained with 80 keV X-rays at 18 mg/g platinum concentration, while the lowest DER (1.01222) was observed with 550 keV X-rays at 6 mg/g concentration. The findings indicate that platinum nanoparticles significantly enhance the absorbed dose in the medium, particularly at low energy levels where the photoelectric effect is dominant. This study suggests that using platinum nanoparticles with low-energy X-rays may improve the efficacy of surface tumor treatments. Further studies with different nanoparticle types, concentrations, and radiation energies are recommended to improve treatment strategies and enhance therapeutic outcomes.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Platinum Nanoparticle
• X-Rays
• Dose Enhancement Ratio

Kaynakça

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