Planda Çıkıntılar Bulunması Düzensizliğinin L Tipi Binaların Deprem Davranışına Etkisi

Öz

Kat planının konfigürasyonuna bağlı olarak ortaya çıkan düzensizlikler binaların deprem tepkisinin belirlenmesi ve tasarımı ile ilgili önemli zorluklara neden olmaktadır. Binanın kat planında çıkıntılar bulunması durumu bu tür bir yapısal düzensizliğe sebep olabilir. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye Bina Deprem Yönetmeliği’nde A3 türü düzensizlik olarak tanımlanan planda çıkıntılar bulunması durumu simetrik L tipi betonarme (BA) binaların deprem davranışı özelinde incelenmiştir. Kat planında çıkıntı yapan kısımların birbirine dik doğrultudaki boyutunun (a) o katın aynı doğrultulardaki plan boyutuna (L) oranı belirlenen hedefe ulaşmak için temel değişken olarak seçilmiştir. İlk olarak farklı a/L oranlarına sahip on altı BA binanın serbest titreşim analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu analizlerde kat döşemeleri rijit ve yarı rijit diyafram olarak modellenmiştir. Binaların deprem analizi Mod Birleştirme Yöntemi ile gerçekleştirilmiş ve taban kesme kuvveti katsayısı, yanal yer değiştirme, iç kuvvet bileşeni gibi yapısal tepki parametrelerinin en büyük değerleri hesaplanmıştır. a/L oranı arttıkça döşemenin modellenmesi durumunun serbest titreşin analizi sonuçlarına ve modal hesap parametrelere etkisinin arttığı görülmüştür. Ayrıca a/L oranının L tipi binaların yapısal karakteristiklerine ve deprem davranışına önemli etkisi olduğu belirlenmiştir. Çalışmadan elde edilen bulguların L tipi binaların deprem etkileri altında davranışının anlaşılmasına ve tasarımına yönelik önemli katkılar koyması beklenmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• A3 Türü Düzensizlik
• L Tipi Betonarme Binalar
• Serbest Titreşim Analizi
• Mod Birleştirme Yöntemi
• Elastik Deprem Davranışı

Influence of Re-Entrant Corner Irregularity on Earthquake Behaviour of L-Shaped Buildings

Öz

Plan configuration irregularities introduce major challenges to earthquake response and design of buildings. The presence of re-entrant corners in plan configuration of a building and its lateral-force-resisting system may cause such an irregularity. In this study, re-entrant corner irregularity, which is defined as structural irregularity type A3 in Turkey Building Earthquake Code, is particularly studied for the earthquake behaviour of symmetrical L-shaped reinforced concrete buildings. To achieve this goal, the ratio of plan projection of the building beyond a re-entrant corner (a) to the plan dimension of the building in the given direction (L) is considered as the fundamental variable. Free vibration analyses of sixteen reinforced concrete L-shaped moment-resisting frame buildings having different a/L ratios are conducted. In these analyses, the floor diaphragms are modelled as rigid and semi-rigid. Mode Superposition Method is used for earthquake analysis of L-shaped building models and some of the maximum structural response quantities such as base shear coefficient, lateral displacement, and internal force component are presented. It has been observed that as the a/L ratio increases, the effects of assumptions regarding the modelling of floor slabs on the free vibration analysis results and modal parameters have increased. In addition, it has been found that the a/L ratio has a significant influence on the structural characteristics and earthquake behaviour of L-shaped buildings. The main findings of the study are expected to contribute to earthquake-resistant design of L-shaped buildings and its implementation in seismic design practice.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Structural Irregularity Type A3
• L-Shaped Reinforced Concrete Buildings
• Free Vibration Analysis
• Mode Superposition Method
• Elastic Earthquake Behaviour

Kaynakça

1. Raheem SEA, Ahmed MMM, Ahmed MM, Abdel-Shafy AGA. Evaluation of Plan Configuration Irregularity Effects on Seismic Response Demands of L-Shaped MRF Buildings. Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering 2018;16:3845-69. doi:10.1007/s10518-018-0319-7.
2. Khanal B, Chaulagain H. Seismic Elastic Performance of L-Shaped Building Frames Through Plan Irregularities. Structures 2020;27:22-36. doi:10.1016/j.istruc.2020.05.017.
3. Haque MN, Zisan MB, Kibria MG, Day AK. Influence of Planar Irregularities on Seismic Responses of RC Building. Asian Journal of Civil Engineering 2021;2:995-1009. doi:10.1007/s42107-021-00360-5.
4. Ahmed MMM, Raheem SEA, Ahmed MM, Abdel-Shafy AGA. Irregularity Effects on the Seismic Performance of L-Shaped Multi-Story Buildings. Journal of Engineering Sciences 2016;44:513-36. doi:10.21608/JESAUN.2016.111440.
5. Raheem SEA, Ahmed MMM, Ahmed MM, Abdel-Shafy AGA. Seismic Performance of L-Shaped Multi-Storey Buildings with Moment-Resisting Frames. Structures and Buildings 2018;171:395-408. doi:10.1680/jstbu.16.00122.
6. Bhatt C, Bento R. Comparison of Nonlinear Static Methods for the Seismic Assessment of Plan Irregular Frame Buildings with Non Seismic Details. Journal of Earthquake Engineering 2012;16:15-39. doi:10.1080/13632469.2011.586085.
7. Hamada A, El Damatty AA. Seismic Analysis of L-Shaped High and Low Rise Buildings – Comparison with NBCC 2005 and NBCC 2010. In: CSCE 2013 General Conference, Montréal, Québec; 2013.
8. Bosco M, Marino E, Rossi PP. An Analytical Method for the Evaluation of the In-Plan Irregularity of Non-Regularly Asymmetric Buildings. Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering 2013;11:1423-45. doi:10.1007/s10518-013-9438-3.

9. Magliulo G, Maddaloni G, Petrone C. Influence of Earthquake Direction on the Seismic Response of Irregular Plan RC Frame Buildings. Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2014;13:243-56. doi:10.1007/s11803-014-0227-z.
10. Haque M, Ray S, Chakraborty A, Elias M, Alam I. Seismic Performance Analysis of RCC Multi-Storied Buildings with Plan Irregularity. American Journal of Civil Engineering 2016;4:68-73. doi:10.11648/j.ajce.20160403.11.
11. Li Y, Li QS. Across-Wind Dynamic Loads on L-Shaped Tall Buildings. Wind and Structures 2016;23:385-403. doi:10.12989/was.2016.23.5.385.
12. Ebrahimi AH, Martinez-Vazquez P, Baniotopoulos CC. Numerical Studies on the Effect of Plan Irregularities in the Progressive Collapse of Steel Structures. Structure and Infrastructure Engineering 2017;13:1576-83. doi:10.1080/15732479.2017.1303842.
13. Işık E, Özdemir M, Karaşin İB. Performance Analysis of Steel Structures with A3 Irregularities. International Journal of Steel Structures 2018;18:1083-94. doi:10.1007/s13296-018-0046-6.
14. Alecci V, De Stefano M, Galassi S, Lapi M, Orlando M. Evaluation of the American Approach for Detecting Plan Irregularity. Advances in Civil Engineering 2019;19:2861093. doi:10.1155/2019/2861093.
15. ASCE. Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures, Standard No. ASCE/SEI 7-10. Reston, Virginia: American Society of Civil Engineers; 2010.
16. Naveen S, Abraham NM, Kumari ASD. Analysis of Irregular Structures Under Earthquake Loads. Procedia Structural Integrity 2019;14:806-19. doi:10.1016/j.prostr.2019.07.05.
17. Chaudhary KP, Mahajan A. Response Spectrum Analysis of Irregular Shaped High Rise Buildings Under Combined Effect of Plan and Vertical Irregularity Using Csi Etabs. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2021;889:012055. doi:10.1088/1755-1315/889/1/012055.
18. Chhatani Y, Pawade PY, Dabhekar KR, Khedikar IP. Seismic Performance of L-Shaped Building Through Plan Irregularities. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 2021;1197:012050. doi:10.1088/1757-899X/1197/1/012050.
19. Bohara BK, Ganaie KH, Saha P. Effect of Position of Steel Bracing in L-Shape Reinforced Concrete Buildings Under Lateral Loading. Research on Engineering Structures and Materials 2022;8:155-77. doi:10.17515/resm2021.295st0519.
20. Islam MR, Sudipta C, Dookie K. Effect of Plan Irregularity and Beam Discontinuity on Structural Performances of Buildings Under Lateral Loadings. Architectural Research 2022;24:53-61. doi:10.5659/AIKAR.2022.24.2.53.
21. Gudainiyan J, Gupta PK. Parametric Study of L-Shaped Irregular Building Under Near-Field Ground Motion. Asian Journal of Civil Engineering 2023;24:2561-70. doi:10.1007/s42107-023-00663-9.
22. Ubaid M, Khan RA. Effect of Bracing Configuration on the Seismic Response of Buildings with Re‑Entrant Corners. Innovative Infrastructure Solutions 2023;8:56. doi:10.1007/s41062-022-01029-x.
23. Gudainiyan J, Gupta PK. A Comparative Study on the Response of the L-Shaped Base Isolated Multi-Storey Building to Near and Far Field Earthquake Ground Motion. Forces in Mechanics 2023;11:100191. doi:10.1016/j.finmec.2023.100191.
24. TBEC. Turkey Building Earthquake Code. Ankara, Turkey: Ministry of Interior Disaster and Emergency Management Presidency; 2018.
25. EC8. Eurocode 8: Design of Structures for Earthquake Resistance-Part 1: General Rules, Seismic Actions and Rules for Buildings. Brussels: European Committee for Standardization; 2004.
26. UBC. Uniform Building Code. Whittier, California: International Conference of Building Officials; 1997.
27. CSI. SAP2000 Integrated Software for Structural Analysis and Design, Version 21.0.2. Berkeley, California: Computers and Structures Inc.; 2019.