A PETRI NET APPROACH FOR SOLVING SIMPLE ASSEMBLY LINE BALANCING PROBLEM

Öz

Assembly line balancing problem is an assignment problem. Tasks are assigned to work stations on the line by providing the precedence relations between tasks. When the only one product is produced on the line and its tasks have deterministic times, the problem is called simple assembly line balancing problem (SALBP). If number of work stations on the line is fixed, then cycle time should be reduced (SALBP-1). Heuristics based on branch and bound procedures, tabu search metaheuristics, genetic approaches, and etc. have been developed to solve SALBP-1. In this article, Petri nets are represented as a new approach to solve this problem. Petri nets are mathematical and graphical tool to model, design, and analyze discrete event systems. Proposed algorithm based on Petri nets uses the especially reachability analysis to determine available tasks and select task into them. Algorithm is coded in MATLAB 6.0. Proposed algorithm is tested on Tonge’s 70-tasks problem, and then results are compared with existing seven methods’ results. The algorithm gave best results for 12 of 13 cycle time

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Assembly line balancing problem, Petri nets, Assembly production, Reachability analysis

BASİT MONTAJ HATTI DENGELEME PROBLEMİ ÇÖZÜMÜ İÇİN BİR PETRİ AĞI YAKLAŞIMI

Öz

Montaj hattı dengeleme problemi bir atama problemidir. İş elemanları, hat üzerindeki iş istasyonlarına birbirleri arasındaki öncelik ilişkileri sağlanarak atanırlar. Hat üzerinde sadece bir ürün işleniyorsa ve bu ürüne ait iş elemanlarının süreleri biliniyor ve sabit ise problem, basit montaj hattı dengeleme problemi olarak adlandırılır. Eğer hat üzerindeki iş istasyonu sayısı belli ise çevrim süresi azaltılmalıdır (BMHDP-1). BMHDP-1’i çözmek için Dal & Sınır algoritmaları, tabu araştırması, genetik algoritmalar vb. Araştırma tekniklerine dayalı sezgisel yöntemler geliştirilmektedir. Bu makalede, bu problemin çözümü için yeni bir yaklaşım olarak Petri ağları sunulmuştur. Petri ağları, kesikli olaylı sistemleri modelleyen, tasarlayan ve analiz eden bir tekniktir. Önerilen Petri ağlarına dayalı algoritma özellikle ulaşılabilirlik analizini kullanır. Algoritma MATLAB 6.0’da kodlanmıştır. Önerilen algoritmanın testi, Tonge’nin 70 iş elemanlı probleminde yapılmış, sonuçlar mevcut yedi yöntemin sonuçları ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Algoritma, 13 çevrim süresinin 12’sinde en iyi sonuçları vermiştir

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Montaj hattı dengeleme problemi, Petri ağları, Montaj üretim, Ulaşılabilirlik analizi

Kaynakça

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