HAVA TAŞIMACILIĞI VE KENTLEŞME: TÜRKİYE VE AVRUPA’NIN EN KALABALIK DÖRT ÜLKESİNDEKİ BAĞLANTILILIK BULGULARI

Öz

Bu makalenin temel amacı, kentleşme ve ulaşım arasındaki dinamik etkileşimi gösterebilmektir. Bu çalışma, kentleşme ve hava taşımacılığı hareketliliği arasındaki bağlantılılığın ampirik bir değerlendirmesini sağlar. Ampirik kısım, 1970-2019 dönemine ait veri mevcudiyetine göre Türkiye ile Almanya, Birleşik Krallık, Fransa ve İtalya için yıllık zaman serisi verilerini kullanır. İlgili değişkenler, kentleşme olarak kentsel nüfusun payını ve havayolu taşımacılığı ile yük ve yolcu hareketliliğini içerir. Kentleşme ve ulaşım verileri Dünya Bankası istatistik veri tabanından alınmıştır. Dinamik bağlantılılık yaklaşımı, hava taşımacılığı hareketliliği ile kentleşme arasındaki bağlantının belirlenmesine farklı bir bakış açısı getirebilecek, birinden hepsine, hepsinden bire, ağ, ikili ve toplam bağlantılılık endeksleri gibi çeşitli yayılma parametreleri sağlar. Elde ettiğimiz bulgular havayolu ulaşımının yük ve yolcu bakımından kentleşme ile ilişkili olduğunu göstermektedir. Ulaşımın kentleşme ile olan dinamik yapısına ve yayılım sonuçlarına göre ulaşım alıcı iken kentleşme iletici konumundadır. Kentleşmeden ulaşıma doğru bir aktarım olması, özellikle ulaşım politikalarının kentsel alanlardaki etkililiği açısından önemlidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kentleşme
• Hava taşımacılığı
• Yük ve yolcu hareketliliği bağlantılılık
• Türkiye
• Avrupa

AIR TRANSPORTATION AND URBANIZATION: CONNECTEDNESS EVIDENCE IN TURKEY AND FOUR MOST POPULATED COUNTRIES OF THE EUROPE

Öz

The main aim of this paper is to demonstrate the dynamic interaction between urbanization and transportation. This paper provides an empirical evaluation of dynamic connectedness between urbanization and air transportation mobility. The empirical part uses annual time-series data for Turkey, Germany, France, Italy, and United Kingdom according to data availability for the period 1970-2019. The variable of interest includes the share of urban population as urbanization, and the mobility of freight and passenger with air transportation. Urbanization and transportation measures have been obtained from World Bank statistical database. Dynamic connectedness approach provides various spillover parameters such as, from one to all, from all to one, net, pairwise, and total connectedness indexes, which might bring different perspective to the determination of the linkage between air transportation mobility and urbanization. Our findings show that air transportation is related to urbanization in terms of freight and passengers. According to the dynamic nature of transportation with urbanization and the spreading results, while transportation is receiver, urbanization is in a transmitter position. The fact that there is a transfer from urbanization to transportation is especially important in terms of the effectiveness of transportation policies in urban areas.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Urbanization
• Air transportation
• Freight and passenger mobility connectedness
• Turkey
• Europe

Kaynakça

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