THE HEAD IN THE TERRACOTTA COLLECTION OF THE TİRE MUSEUM IS PROPOSED AS THE HEAD OF THE GODDESS TYCHE

Öz

Tyche is an abstract concept that did not come from the lineage of Greek gods and goddesses, but was personified in time and became a god. The transformation of this abstract concept into a god was largely realised in the 4th century BC and the Hellenistic period. Before being personified as a god, Tyche was regarded as the determinant of fate and fortune. Since she is a goddess who entered the Greek Pantheon late, there is not much variety in her depictions.Tyche and Kybele depictions can often be made in a very similar way to each other. These similarities are especially seen in depictions with a trumpet-shaped polo. In this context, it can sometimes be very difficult to separate the depictions of the two Goddesses from each other. This study aims to determine whether a head found in the Tire Museum represents Kybele or Tyche.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Terracotta
• Luck
• Fortune
• Ship Rudder

TİRE MÜZESİ TERRAKOTTA KOLEKSİYONU DAHİLİNDEKİ BAŞIN TANRIÇA TYCHE BAŞI OLARAK ÖNERİLMESİ

Öz

Tyche, Yunan tanrı ve tanrıçalarının soylarından gelmeyen, zamanla kişileştirilerek tanrı kimliği kazanmış soyut bir kavramdır. Bu soyut kavramın bir tanrıçaya dönüşmesi büyük ölçüde İ.Ö. 4 yüzyılda ve Hellenistik Dönem’de gerçekleşmiştir. Tyche, tanrıça olarak kişileştirilmeden önce kaderin ve talihin belirleyicisi olarak kabul edilmekte idi. Yunan Pantheon’una geç girmiş bir tanrıça olduğu için betimleme tiplerinde çok çeşitlilik görülmemektedir. Tyche ve Kybele betimlemeleri çoğunlukla birbiri ile çok benzer şekilde yapılabilmektedirler. Özellikle sur bedenli polosa sahip betimlemelerinde bu benzerlikler çokça görülmektedir. Bu bağlamda iki Tanrıçanın betimlemelerini zaman zaman birbirinden ayırmak çok zor olabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada Tire Müze’sinden bulunmuş olan bir başın Kybele’yi mi Tyche’yi mi temsil ettiğinin tespit edilmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Terrakotta
• Tyche
• Şans
• Talih
• Gemi Dümeni

Kaynakça

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