KALKINMADA EĞİTİM SÜRECİNİN İKTİSADİ ANALİZİ

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 21 Sayı: 1, 113 - 125, 20.03.2019

Mehtap Tunç , Öznur Taşdöken

https://doi.org/10.16953/deusosbil.459548

Cited By: 1

Öz

Fiziki
sermayenin yanı sıra insan sermayesi, büyüme ve kalkınma sürecini etkileyen
önemli bir unsurdur. 1980’li yılların sonuna doğru neo-klasik iktisatçılar
tarafından ileri sürülen yakınsama teorisinin reddedilmesiyle içsel büyüme
kuramları doğru ortaya çıkmıştır. İçsel büyüme kuramları iktisadi büyümeye etki
eden faktörlerden biri olarak kabul edilen insan sermayesi değişkenini dikkate
almaktadır. Bu doğrultu da yapılan çalışmalarda insana yatırım düzeyini
etkileyen eğitim, sağlık, ar-ge harcamaları gibi faktörlere yapılan
yatırımların iktisadi büyümeyi etkilediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu çalışmada,
eğitim harcamalarında meydana gelen değişimin ülkelerin uluslararası alanda
katıldığı sınavlardan olan TIMMS ve PISA sınavı puanları ile arasındaki
ilişkinin belirlenmesi amacıyla sınava katılan ülkeler üzerinden analiz
yapılmıştır. Ülkelerin orta öğretime yaptığı eğitim yatırımları ve TIMMS sınavı
1995-2015 yıllarında matematik ve fen puanları alınmıştır. Ayrıca,  PISA sınavı 2000-2015 yılları arasında okuma,
fen ve matematik sınavı puanları ele alınarak rassal etki panel veri modeli
yapısında genelleştirilmiş en küçük kareler yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen
bulgular doğrultusunda PISA ve TIMMS sınavında ülkelerin iktisadi büyümeleri
ile eğitim kalitesi arasındaki istatistiksel olarak anlamsız olduğu, ülke
bazında incelendiğinde ise bazı ülkelerin istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olduğu sonuçları
elde edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

PISA, TIMMS, Eğitim Harcaması, Panel Veri Modeli

ECONOMICS ANALYSIS OF EDUCATION PROCESS IN DEVELOPMENT

Öz

In addition to physical capital, human capital is an important factor
affecting growth and development process. Towards the end of the 1980s, the
theory of internal growth emerged as a result of the rejection of the theory of
convergence proposed by neo-classical economists. The internal growth theories
take into account the human capital variable, which is considered to be one of
the factors affecting economic growth. In this study, it has been concluded that
investments in factors such as education, health and R & D expenditures
affecting the level of investment in human affect the economic growth. In this
study, an analysis was conducted on the countries participating in the exam in
order to determine the relationship between the TIMMS and PISA test scores,
which are the exams of the countries where the change in education expenditures
took place internationally. Maths and science scores were taken from the
educational investments of the countries for secondary education and for the
TIMMS exam in 1995-2015. In addition, PISA exam, 2000-2015 years, reading,
science and math exam scores were taken in the generalized least-squares method
of random effect panel data model was used. In the PISA and TIMMS examinations,
it was found that the countries were statistically insignificant between the
economic growth and the quality of education and the results were statistically
significant.

Anahtar Kelimeler

PISA, TIMMS, Educational Expenditure, Panel Data Model

Kaynakça

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