DİJİTALLEŞME İLE BANKACILIK KȂRLILIĞI ARASINDAKİ ETKİLEŞİM: ARDL SINIR TESTİ YAKLAŞIMI

Öz

Geliştirilen teknolojiyle birlikte finans bankacılık sektöründe yaşanan dijital değişim ve dönüşüm başta kârlılık, verimlik ve rekabet olmak üzere birçok alanda giderek yaygın hale gelmektedir. Mobil ödeme ve çevrimiçi finansal hizmetlerin dijital platformlar aracılığıyla hızla yaygınlaşması bankacılık sektörünün finansal performansı üzerinde önemli rol oynamaktadır. Bu bağlamda çalışmada, Türkiye bankacılık sektöründeki dijitalleşme ile bankacılık (mevduat bankacılığı ile kalkınma ve yatırım bankacılığı) toplam net kârlılığı arasındaki uzun dönem etkileşimin ortaya koyulması amaçlanmıştır. Bu doğrultuda ampirik çalışmada bir adet araştırma modeli kurulmuştur. Modelde mevduat bankacılığı ile kalkınma ve yatırım bankacılığı sektörüne ait toplam net kâr göstergesi bağımlı değişken olarak kullanılmıştır. Mobil bankacılık üzerinden yapılan ödeme tutarı, mobil bankacılık işlem hacmi ile mobil bankacılık aktif müşteri sayıları ise bağımsız değişken olarak ele alınmıştır. 2011:Q1-2023:Q1 periyodundaki 49 çeyrek döneme ait veriler otoregresif dağıtılmış gecikme (ARDL) testi ile analiz edilmiştir. Analizler neticesinde dijitalleşme göstergeleri ile bankacılık faaliyet türü toplam net kârı arasında uzun dönem ilişkinin olduğu ve dijitalleşme ile kârlılığın birlikte hareket ettiği tespit edilmiştir. Diğer bir ifade ile bankacılık sektöründeki dijitalleşmede yaşanan gelişim bankacılık kârlılığını pozitif yönde etkilemektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Dijitalleşme
• Bankacılık
• Kârlılık
• ARDL Sınır Testi

THE INTERACTION BETWEEN DIGITALIZATION AND PROFITABILITY IN BANKING: ARDL BOUND TESTING APPROACH

Öz

With advancement of technology, digital transformation in the finance and banking sector has become increasingly widespread, affecting various areas including profitability, efficiency, and competition. The rapid expansion of mobile payments and online financial services through digital platforms plays a significant role in the financial performance of the banking sector. In this context, this study aims to examine the long-term relationship between digitalization in Turkish banking sector and total net profitability of banking (deposit banking and development/investment banking). Accordingly, one research models were constructed in the empirical study. Profitability indicator for deposit banking and development/investment banking sectors were used as dependent variables, while the payment amount made via mobile banking, the mobile banking transaction volume and the number of mobile banking active customers was considered as independent variables. Data from 49 quarterly periods from 2011:Q1 to 2023:Q1 were analyzed using Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) tests. The findings reveal a significant long-term relationship between digitalization and the total net profitability of different banking activities, indicating that digitalization and profitability are closely intertwined. In other words, the development in digitalization in the banking sector affects positively the profitability of the bank.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Digitalization
• Banking
• Profitability
• ARDL Bound Testing

Kaynakça

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