Dilin Kökeni Arayışları-5: Beyin ve Dil

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 16 Sayı: 30, 21 - 37, 31.05.2022

Caner Kerimoğlu

https://doi.org/10.54316/dilarastirmalari.1075944

Cited By: 1

Öz

İnsanın bilişsel kapasiteleri ile ilgili pek çok soru cevap beklemektedir. Dil de bu bilişsel kapasitelerden biridir. Paul Broca ve Carl Wernicke’nin 19. yüzyılın ikinci yarısındaki keşiflerinden bu yana dilin beyindeki işleyişi ile ilgili önemli ilerlemeler kaydedilmiştir. Klasik model olarak da adlandırılan Broca-Wernicke modeli beyinde farklı işlevler için görev yapan modülleri varsayar. Bu görüş yerleşimci modeldir. Bağlantıcılık adı verilen model ise beyindeki modüller yaklaşımını reddeder. Beyin bölgelerinin birbirleriyle bağlantılı hâlde bütüncül olarak çalıştığını öne sürer. Dilin kökeni araştırmaları da dil ve beyin ilişkisine ışık tutar. Dilin işleyişinde beynin rolü ve arkaik insan türlerinde beyinle ilgili bulgular dilin kökeni araştırmalarına sık sık konu olur. Bu makalede beyin bölgeleri ve dil ilişkisiyle ilgili güncel bulgular değerlendirilmekte, bu bulguların dilin evrimi tartışmalarındaki etkileri tartışılmaktadır

Anahtar Kelimeler

Dilin kökeni, dilin evrimi, beyin, beynin evrimi, Broca bölgesi, Wernicke bölgesi

The Search for the Origin of Language-5: Brain and Language

Öz

There are many unanswered questions about human cognitive capacities. Language is one of these cognitive capacities. Since the discoveries by Paul Broca and Carl Wernicke in the second half of the 19th century, significant advances have been made regarding the language processing in the brain. The Broca-Wernicke model, also called the classical model, assumes “modules” in the brain that serve for different functions. This view is known as the localizationism. The model called connectionism in recent years rejects the approach of modules in the brain. It suggests that brain regions work holistically in connection with each other. Researches on the origin of language also shed light on the relationship between language and brain. It is observed that the role of the brain in the functioning of language and the findings about the brain in archaic human species are frequently discussed in research on the origin of language. In this article, current findings on the relationship between brain regions and language are evaluated, and the implications of these findings on the evolution of language studies are discussed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

origin of language, language evolution, brain, Broca's area

Kaynakça

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