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Kur’ân Merkezli İslâm Anlayışı Üzerine George Tarâbîşî’nin Yaklaşımı

Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2 31 Aralık 2025
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George Tarabishi’s Approach to the Qur’an-Centric Understanding of Islam

Abstract

In the late nineteenth century, intellectual movements centered in the Indian subcontinent and Egypt ignited a profound transformation within Islamic thought. In this context, the discourse of a “Qur’an-centric Islam,” or more commonly the “Islam of the Qur’an,” emerged as a major subject of debate among modern Muslim intellectuals. This discourse reopened the long-standing question of the authority of hadith and sunnah, which had been regarded as absolute authority in the classical period, and thus led to significant shifts not only in theology but also in the fields of epistemology and methodology. The Qur’an-centric approach positions the Qur’an as the sole and primary source of religious authority, while assigning to hadith and historical interpretation a secondary or contextual explanatory role. This intellectual tendency cannot be understood apart from the rise of rationalist and critical currents that have shaped modern Islamic thought. This study systematically examines George Tarabishi’s (d. 2016) approach to the relationship between the Qur’an and the Sunnah within the framework of historical background, philosophical foundations, and the methodological principles of uṣūl al-fiqh. It critically evaluates both the possibilities and the limitations of the Qur’an-centric discourse. The discussion revolves around the intellectual exchange between two major Arab thinkers -Muḥammad ‘Ābid al-Jābirī (d. 2010) and George Tarabishi- which began in newspaper articles and later evolved into independent polemical treatises. Tarabishi himself acknowledges that his encounter with the cultural and intellectual heritage of the Islamic world -particularly that of his homeland Syria and the broader Muslim tradition- was initially inspired by al-Jābirī, even though he later developed a sharp critique of him. The article analyzes Tarabishi’s theological and theoretical arguments through an integrated approach. Among his noteworthy analyses is his evaluation of Mālik b. Anas. According to Tarabishi, Mālik, when faced with an apparent conflict between the Qur’an and a hadith, did not attempt to reconcile the two but often gave precedence to the Qur’an, preferring reasoned judgment (tarjīḥ) over harmonization (taʾlīf). Tarabishi interprets this stance as a form of “relative intellectual freedom.” However, he argues that this freedom did not achieve systematic or theoretical consolidation and was soon replaced by hadith-centered paradigms. In his work Min Islām al-Qurʾān ilā Islām al-Ḥadīth (“From Qur’anic Islam to Hadithic Islam”), Tarabishi offers a critical reading of the religious epistemology institutionalized by al-Shāfiʿī, whom he views as the architect of a hadith-centered religious order and attempts at an epistemological reconstruction that accepts the Quran as the absolute reference. Tarabishi contends that al-Shāfiʿī not only subordinated the Sunnah to the Qur’an but elevated it to the rank of divine revelation, thereby systematizing the idea that the Sunnah could even abrogate the Qur’an itself. This expansion of the concept of revelation opened the way for a transmission-based religious knowledge system, narrowing the space for reasoned reflection and interpretive Shafi'i's approach later served as a scholarly and institutional triumph for the Ahl al-Hadith; consequently, narration-based epistomology almost completely eclipsed Quran-centered interpretation. For Tarabishi, al-Shāfiʿī’s synthesis was the beginning of the epistemological priority given to narration/ transmission (riwāyah) and imitation (taqlīd), rather than reason (ʿaql) and interpretation (taʾwīl) in the development of Islamic thought.

Keywords

Hadith , Qur’an-Centric Islam , George Tarabishi , Muḥammad ‘Ābid al-Jābirī , Islamic Thought

Kaynakça

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Kaynak Göster

ISNAD
Tekin, Davut. “Kur’ân Merkezli İslâm Anlayışı Üzerine George Tarâbîşî’nin Yaklaşımı”. Din ve Bilim - Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi İslami İlimler Fakültesi Dergisi 8/2 (01 Aralık 2025): 317-343. https://doi.org/10.47145/dinbil.1759960.