Teknolojik İnovasyonun İhracat Üzerindeki Etkisi: Türkiye-AB 15 Ülkeleri Örneği

Öz

İnovasyon, ülkelerin daha nitelikli bir ihracat yapısına sahip olabilmeleri konusunda oldukça önemli bir faktördür. İnovasyona dayalı ürünler üreterek küresel piyasalarda tercih edilebilirliğini arttıran ülkeler bu noktada pek çok ülkeden ayrışmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, teknolojik inovasyonun ihracat üzerindeki etkisi incelenmiştir. 1998-2013 dönemini kapsayan çalışmada öncelikle TAI ve Ar-Co endeksleri referans alınarak teknolojik inovasyon endeks değerleri hesaplanmıştır. Bu veriler modellerde bağımsız değişken olarak kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın ikinci aşamasında Türkiye’nin AB-15 ülkelerine yaptığı toplam ihracat, yaygın ve yoğun ihracat olarak bileşenlerine ayrıştırılmıştır. Yaygın ihracattaki artış, niteliksel artışı, yoğun ihracattaki artış ise niceliksel artışı ifade etmektedir. Elde edilen ihracat verileri bağımlı değişken olarak modellerde kullanılmıştır. Teknolojik inovasyonun yaygın ve yoğun ihracat üzerindeki etkisi Panel ARDL yöntemi ile analiz edilmiştir. Analiz sonucuna göre, teknolojik inovasyonun yaygın ihracat üzerinde etkisi olduğuna ilişkin kuvvetli bir bulgu elde edilememiştir. Diğer taraftan, yoğun ihracatı istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ve pozitif etkilediği tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Teknolojik İnovasyon Endeksi, Yaygın İhracat, Yoğun İhracat, Panel ARDL

The Effect Of Technological Innovation On Exports: The Case Of Turkey-EU 15 Countries

Öz

Innovation is a very important factor for countries to have a more qualified export structure. Countries that increase their preference in global markets by producing products based on innovation are separated from many countries at this point. In this study, the effect of technological innovation on exports is examined. Technological innovation index values were calculated with reference to TAI and ArCo indices in the study covering 1998-2013 period. This data is used as an argument in the models. In the second phase of the study, Turkey's total exports to the EU-15 countries, has been separated into components as extensive and intensive margins. The increase in Extensive exports; the qualitative increase, and the increase in intensive exports means the quantitative increase. The export data obtained is used as a dependent variable in the models. The impact of technological innovation on extensive and intensive margin was analyzed by Panel ARDL method. According to the result of analysis, there is no strong finding that technological innovation is the effect on extensive margin. On the other hand, it has been determined that intense margin have a statistically significant and positive effect

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Technological Innovation Index, Extensive Margins, Intensive Margins, Panel ARDL.

Kaynakça

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