Değişim Odaklı Liderlik, Örgütsel Özdeşleşme ve Örgütsel Vatandaşlık Davranışı İlişkisi

Öz

Liderlik, toplumların var olduğu ilk günlerden bu yana yaşamın her alanına girmiştir. Tarih boyunca, en büyük organizasyonlardan en küçüğüne kadar amaç ve hedeflerin gerçekleştirilmesi, çoğu zaman liderlik ve lidere endekslenmiştir. Toplumlar, liderleri sayesinde çağın gerektirdiği değişimlere uyum sağlayarak varlıklarını devam ettirebilmişlerdir. Bu çalışmanın amacı; değişim odaklı liderlik, örgütsel özdeşleşme ve örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışı arasındaki ilişkiyi eğitim sektöründe incelemektir.Bu araştırmayaİstanbul’daki 4 devlet okulunda görev yapan toplam 310 yönetici ve öğretmen katılmıştır. Toplanan veriler AMOS ve SPSSyazılımları kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, değişimci liderlik ile örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışı arasında anlamlı düzeyde olumlu ilişki bulunmuş, örgütsel özdeşleşmenin bu ilişkide aracı rolü bulunduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Değişim Odaklı Liderlik, Örgütsel Özdeşleşme,Örgütsel Vatandaşlık Davranışı

Relationships among Change Oriented Leadership, Organizational Engagement, and the Organizational Citizenship Behavior

Öz

Leadership has been a universal phenomenon and affected organizations and societies of various types throughout history. It is a widely accepted fact that leadership is closely related with organizational effectiveness. As such, organizational leaders play a significant role in the attainment of organizations’ goals. Organizations with successful leaders have adapted to changes more easily. The aim of this study is to show the relationships among change oriented leadership, organizational engagement and organizational citizenship behavior. Participants of the study were administrative staff and teachers working at 4 public schools in Istanbul. 310 questionnaires were collected and analyzed through AMOS and SPSS software. A significant positive relationship was found between change oriented leadership and organizational citizenship behavior. Organizational engagement mediated this relationship

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Change Oriented Leadership, Organizational Engagement, Organizational Citizenship Behavior.

Kaynakça

1. Acar, A. Z. (2006). Örgütsel Yurttaşlık Davranışı: Kavramsal Gelişimi ile Kişisel ve Örgütsel Etkileri. Doğuş Üniversitesi Dergisi, 7 (1) 1-14.
2. Agard, K. A. (2010). Leadership in Nonprofit Organizations: A Reference Handbook. California:Sage Publications, 917-984. Allison, B. J., Voss, R. S. ve Dryer, S. (2001). Student Classroom and Career Success: The Role of Organizational Citizenship Behavior. Journal of Education for Business, 76(5), 282-288.
3. Anderson, J. C. ve Gerbing, D. W. (1988). Structural Equation Modeling in Practice: A Review and Recommended Two-Step Approach. Psychological Bulletin, 103(3), 411.
4. Ashforth, B. E. ve Mael, F. (1989). Social Identity Theory and The Organization. The Academy of Management Review, 14(1), 1-27.
5. Babcock-Roberson, M. E. ve Strickland, O. J. (2010). The Relationship Between Charismatic Leadership, Work Engagement, and Organizational Citizenship Behaviors. The Journal Of Psychology, 144(3), 313-326.
6. Bakar, H. A. ve McCann, R. M. (2015). The Mediating Effect of Leader–Member Dyadic Communication Style Agreement on the Relationship Between Servant Leadership and Group-Level Organizational Citizenship Behavior. Management Communication Quarterly, 30(1), 32-58.
7. Bolat, T. (2008a). Dönüşümcü Liderlik, Personeli Güçlendirme ve Örgütsel Vatandaşlık Davranışı İlişkisi. Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık.
8. Bolat, O. İ. ve Bolat, T. (2008b). Otel İşletmelerinde Örgütsel Bağlılık ve Örgütsel Vatandaşlık Davranışı İlişkisi. Balıkesir Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 11(19),79.

9. Bagozzi, R. P. ve Yi, Y. (1988). On The Evaluation of Structural Equation Models. Journal of The Academy of Marketing Science, 16(1), 74-94.
10. Bagozzi, R. P., Yi, Y. ve Phillips, L. W. (1991). Assessing Construct Validity in Organizational Research. Administrative Science Quarterly, 36(3), 421-458.
11. Breevaart, K., Bakker, A. B., Demerouti, E. ve Derks, D. (2015). Who Takes The Lead? A Multi‐Source Diary Study on Leadership, Work Engagement, and Job Performance. Journal of Organizational Behavior,30(7), 775-770.
12. Choi, J. N. (2007). Change-Oriented Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Effects of Work Environment Characteristics and Intervening Psychological Processes. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 28, 467-485.
13. Chen, C. Y. ve Yang, C. F. (2012). The İmpact of Spiritual Leadership on Organizational Citizenship Behavior: A Multi-Sample Analysis. Journal of Business Ethics, 105(1), 107-114.
14. Detert, J. R. ve Burris, E. R. (2007). Leadership Behavior and Employee Voice: Is The Door Really Open?. Academy of Management Journal, 50(4), 869-884.
15. Dipaola, M. F., Da C. N. ve Paula, M. M. (2009). Organizational Citizenship Behaviors in American and Portuguese Public Schools. Journal of Educational Administration, 47(4), 492.
16. Dipaola, M. F. ve Hoy, W. K. (2005). Organizational Citizenship of Faculty and Achievement of High School Students. High School Journal, 88(3), 35-45.
17. Duttan, J. E., Dukerich, J. M. ve Harquail,C.V. (1994). Organizational İmeges and Member İdentification. Administrative Science Quarterly, 39(2), 239-242.
18. De Dreu, C. K. W. ve Nauta, A. (2009). Self-Interest and Other-Orientation in Organizational Behavior: Implications For Job Performance, Prosocial Behavior, and Personal Initiative. Journal of Applied Psychology, 94, 913-926.
19. Eren, E. (2011). Yönetim ve Organizasyon. İstanbul: Beta Yayınları. Eren, M. Ş. Ve Titizoğlu, Ö. Ç. (2014). Dönüşümcü Ve Etkileşimci Liderlik Tarzlarının Örgütsel Özdeşleşme ve İş Tatmini Üzerindeki Etkileri. Sosyal Ekonomik Araştırmalar Dergisi, (27), 275-303.
20. Ekvall, G. (1991). Change-Centred Leaders: Empirical Evidence of A Third Dimension of Leaders. Leadership and Organization Devolepment Journal, 12, 18-23.
21. Eisenbach, R., Watson, K. ve Pillai, R. (1999). Transformational Leadership in The Context of Organizational Change. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 12(2), 80-89.
22. Esnard, C. ve Jouffre, S. (2008). Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Social Valorization Among Pupils and The Effect on Teachers’ Judgments.
23. European Journal of Psychology of Education, 13(3), 255-274.
24. Euwema, M. C., Wendt, H. ve Van Emmerik, H. (2007). Leadership Styles and Group Organizational Citizenship Behavior Across Cultures. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 28(8), 1035-1057.
25. Foote, N. N. (1951). Identification As The Basis For A Theory of Motivation. American Sociological Review, 16, 17-19.
26. Fornell, C. ve David, F. L. (1981). Evaluating Structural Equation Models With Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error. Journal of Marketing Research, 266, 39-50.
27. Gil, F., Rico, R., Alcover, C. M. ve Barrasa, A. (2005). Change-Oriented Leadership, Satisfaction and Performance in Work Groups: Effects Of Team Climate and Group Potency. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 20(3/4), 312-328.
28. Hair, J. F. J., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J. ve Anderson, R. E. (2010). Multivariate Data Analysis.Newyork: Pearson Prentice Hall.
29. Hayati, D., Charkhabi, M. ve Naami, A. (2014). The Relationship Between Transformational Leadership and Work Engagement in Governmental Hospitals Nurses: A Survey Study. SpringerPlus, 3(1), 1.
30. Haynie, J. J., Mossholder, K. W. ve Harris, S. G. (2016). Justice and Job Engagement: The Role of Senior Management Trust. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 37(6), 889-910.
31. Hodgetts, R. M . ( 1997). Yönetim: Teori, Süreç ve Uygulama. İstanbul: Der Yayınları. Hu, L. T. ve Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff Criteria For Fit İndexes in Covariance Structure Analysis: Conventional Criteria Versus New Alternative. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 1-55.
32. Karabey, C. N. ve İşcan, Ö. F. (2007). Örgütsel Özdeşleşme, Örgütsel İmaj ve Örgütsel Vatandaşlık Davranışı İlişkisi: Bir Uygulama. Atatürk Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 21(2).
33. Karadağ, E. ve Mutafçılar, I. (2009). Pro-Sosyal Davranış Ekseninde Özgecilik Üzerine Teorik Bir Çözümleme. Felsefe ve Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 8(41), 42.
34. Khuong, M. N. ve Hoang, D. T. (2015). The Effects of Leadership Styles on Employee Motivation in Auditing Companies in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. International Journal of Trade, Economics and Finance, 6(4), 210.
35. Lindell, M. ve Rosenqvist, G. (1992). Management Behaviour Dimensions and Devolepment Orientation. Leadership Quarterly, 3, 355-377.
36. Lipponen, J., Helkama, K. ve Olkkonen, M. (2005). Predicting The Different Profiles of Organizational İdentification: A Case of Shipyard Subcontractors. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 78(1), 97-112.
37. Moldogaziev, T. T. ve Silvia, C. (2015). Fostering Affective Organizational Commitment in Public Sector Agencies: The Significance of Multifaceted Leadership Roles. Public Administration, 93(3), 557-575.
38. Organ, D.W. (1988). Organizational Citizenship Behavior: The Good Soldier Syndrome. Lexington: Lexington Books.
39. Ortega, A., Van den Bossche, P., Sánchez-Manzanares, M., Rico, R. ve Gil, F. (2014). The İnfluence of Change-Oriented Leadership and Psychological Safety on Team Learning in Healthcare Teams. Journal of Business and Psychology, 29(2), 311- 321.
40. Özşahin, M. ve Zehir, C. (2011). Yüksek Performanslı İşletmelerde Liderlik, Girişim Odaklılık ve Örgütsel Performans İlişkisi. Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi , 9(2), 50.
41. Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Paine, J. B. ve Bachrach, D. G. (2000). Organizational Citizenship Behaviors: A Critical Review of The Theoretical and Empirical Literature and Suggestions For Future Research. Journail of Management, 3(26), 133-563.
42. Popli, S. ve Rizvi, I. A. (2015). Exploring The Relationship Between Service Orientation, Employee Engagement and Perceived Leadership Style: A Study of Managers in The Private Service Sector Organizations in India. Journal of Services Marketing, 29(1), 59-70.
43. Preacher, K. J. ve Hayes, A. F. (2008). Asymptotic and Resampling Strategies For Assessing and Comparing İndirect Effects in Multiple Mediator Models. Behavior Research Methods, 40(3), 879-891.
44. Rich, B. L., Lepine, J. A. ve Crawford, E. R. (2010). Job Engagement: Antecedents And Effects on Job Performance. Academy of Management Journal,53(3), 617- 635.
45. Shin, Y. (2012). CEO Ethical Leadership, Ethical Climate, Climate Strength, and Collective Organizational Citizenship Behavior. Journal of Business Ethics, 108(3), 299-312.
46. Skogstad, A. ve Einarsen, S. (1999). The İmportance of A Change-Centred Leadership Style in Four Organizational Cultures. Scandinavian Journal of Management,15, 289-306.
47. Seppala, T., Lipponen, J., Bardi, A. ve Pirttila‐Backman, A. M. (2012). Change‐ Oriented Organizational Citizenship Behaviour: An İnteractive Product of Openness To Change Values, Work Unit İdentification, and Sense of Power. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 85(1), 136- 155.
48. Schumacker, R. E. ve Lomax, R. G. (2012). A Beginner's Guide To Structural Equation Modeling. New Jersey:Taylor and Francis Library. Şehitoğlu, Y. ve Zehir, C. (2010). Türk Kamu Kuruluşlarında Çalışan Performansının, Çalışan Sessizliği ve Örgütsel Vatandaşlık Davranışı Bağlamında İncelenmesi. Amme İdaresi Dergisi 43(4), 92.
49. Taş, A. ve Önder, E. (2010). Yöneticilerin Liderlik Davranışlarının Personel İş Doyumuna Etkisi. Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 32(9), 17-30.
50. Tokgöz, E. ve Seymen, O. A.(2013). Örgütsel Güven, Örgütsel Özdeşleşme ve Örgütsel Vatandaşlık Davranışı Arasındaki İlişki: Bir Devlet Hastanesinde Araştırma. Marmara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi,10(39), 61-76.
51. Tremblay, M. ve Gibson, M. (2016). The Role of Humor in the Relationship Between Transactional Leadership Behavior, Perceived Supervisor Support, and Citizenship Behavior. Journal of Leadership and Organizational Studies, 23(1), 39-54.
52. Turgut, H., Tokmak, İ. ve Güçel, C. (2012). The Effect of Transformational Leadership on Organizational İdentification and Perceived Corporate Reputation: A University Sample. International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanity Studies, 4(2), 245-254.
53. Van Dıck, R. (2001). Identification in Organizational Contexts: Linking Theory and Research From Social and Organizational Psychology. International Journal of Management Reviews, 3(4), 269-271.
54. Van Knıppenberg, D. ve Schıe, E. (2000). Foci And Correlates of Organizational Identification. Journal Of Organizational Psychology,73(2), 140.
55. Vincent-Höper, S., Muser, C. Ve Janneck, M. (2012). Transformational Leadership, Work Engagement, and Occupational Success. Career Development International, 17(7), 663-682.
56. Wu, C. H., Liu, J., Kwan, H. K. ve Lee, C. (2016). Why and When Workplace Ostracism İnhibits Organizational Citizenship Behaviors: An Organizational İdentification Perspective. Journal of Applied Psychology, 101(3), 362.
57. Yukl, G. (2002). Leadership in Organizations. New Jersey: Prentice Hall Inc.
58. Yukl, G., Gordon, A. ve Taber, T. (2002). A Hierarchical Taxonomy of Leadership Behavior: Integrating A Half Century of Behavior Research. Journal of Leadership and Organizational Studies, 9(1), 15-32.
59. Zhu, W., Avolio, B. J. ve Walumbwa, F. O. (2009). Moderating Role of Follower Characteristics With Transformational Leadership and Follower Work Engagement. Group and Organization Management, 34(5), 590-619.
60. Zhong, L., Wayne, S. J. ve Liden, R. C. (2015). Job Engagement, Perceived Organizational Support, High‐Performance Human Resource Practices, and Cultural Value Orientations: A Cross‐Level İnvestigation. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 37, 823-844.
61. Zehir, C., Müceldili, B., Altindağ, E., Şehitoğlu, Y. ve Zehir, S. (2014). Charismatic Leadership and Organizational Citizenship Behavior: The Mediating Role of Ethical Climate. Social Behavior and Personality: An İnternational Journal, 42(8), 1365-1375.