AN OPTIMIZATION MODEL FOR THE FOOD DELIVERY VEHICLE ROUTING PROBLEM

Öz

Today, restaurants derive a significant portion of their income from online food orders. Most of the orders are delivered to customers via motor couriers. While delivering the orders to the customer in the fastest way without exceeding the defined time period directly affects customer satisfaction, delivering the order to the customer in the most economical way is also important for the profitability of the company. Assigning orders to couriers in different regions and creating courier routes is a common optimization problem for restaurants. In this study, a courier vehicle routing problem is considered. A mathematical model of the problem is constructed by considering the real-time orders coming to the restaurant and the couriers in the region. In the real life problem, delivery time and transportation constraints are included in the model. The problem addressed is a single distribution center with capacity and time constraints and an open routing problem where couriers are outsourced and orders are picked up from the same restaurant. With the solution of the integer programming model, an optimum solution with the lowest courier transportation costs was obtained. Sensitivity analyses were performed to examine the effects of the number of couriers in different scenarios on order delivery time and distribution cost.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Courier Routing Problem
• Food Delivery
• Integer Programming

YEMEK SİPARİŞLERİ DAĞITIMI ARAÇ ROTALAMA PROBLEMİ İÇİN BİR OPTİMİZASYON MODELİ

Öz

Günümüzde restoranlar, gelirlerinin önemli bir kısmını çevrimiçi yemek siparişlerinden elde etmektedir. Siparişlerin büyük bir kısmı motorlu kuryeler aracılığıyla müşterilere ulaştırılmaktadır. Siparişlerin tanımlanan süreyi aşmadan, en hızlı şekilde müşteriye teslim edilmesi, müşteri memnuniyetini direkt etkilerken, siparişin en ekonomik yöntemle müşteriye ulaştırılması da firmanın karlılığı açısından önem arz etmektedir. Siparişlerin farklı bölgelerdeki kuryelere atanma kararları ile kurye rotalarının oluşturulması restoranlar açısından sürekli karşılaşılan bir optimizasyon problemidir. Bu çalışmada bir kurye araç rotalama problemi incelenmiştir. Restorana gelen gerçek zamanlı siparişler ile bölgedeki kuryeler dikkate alınarak, problemin matematiksel modeli oluşturulmuştur. Gerçek hayat probleminde, teslim süresi ve taşıma ile ilgili kısıtlar modele dahil edilmiştir. Ele alınan problem, kuryelerin dış kaynak olarak kullanıldığı ve siparişlerin aynı restorandan toplandığı, tek dağıtım merkezli, kapasite ve zaman kısıtlı ve açık uçlu bir rotalama problemidir. Oluşturulan tamsayılı programlama modelinin çözümü ile kurye taşıma maliyetlerinin en düşük olduğu optimum bir çözüm elde edilmiştir. Gerçekleştirilen duyarlılık analizleri ile farklı senaryolardaki kurye sayılarının sipariş teslim süresi ve dağıtım maliyetine etkileri incelenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kurye Rotalama Problemi
• Yemek Teslimatı
• Tamsayılı Programlama

Kaynakça

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