KNOWLEDGE-INTENSIVE EMPLOYMENT AS A DRIVER OF INNOVATION SYSTEM ENGAGEMENT: EVIDENCE FROM EUROPEAN COUNTRIES
Öz
This study investigates the relationship between knowledge-intensive employment and national innovation performance across European countries between 2015 and 2024. Utilizing harmonized Eurostat data and multivariate regression analysis, the research operationalizes innovation via European Patent Office (EPO) patent applications. Two core indicators—employment volume in knowledge-intensive activities (KIA) and its share in national labor markets—are examined. Results indicate a strong and statistically significant relationship between both employment scale and intensity and innovation output. Specifically, for every 1,000 additional knowledge-intensive employees, there is an associated increase of nearly one patent application. Furthermore, a 1% increase in the employment share of KIA workers corresponds to a rise of over 187 patent applications. These findings validate the systemic role of human capital within the National Innovation Systems (NIS) framework, where the integration of skilled labor enhances a country’s absorptive capacity and innovation efficiency. With an R² value of 0.953 and a Durbin-Watson statistic of 2.23, the regression model demonstrates robustness and reliability. From a policy standpoint, this evidence suggests that strategic labor force development—beyond R&D funding—is vital for strengthening innovation ecosystems. The study contributes to the literature by distinguishing between employment quantity and employment intensity, highlighting their independent effects on innovation outcomes. The results are particularly relevant for the EU’s Smart Specialisation Strategies, the European Green Deal, and Digital Transition initiatives.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
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Ayrıntılar
Birincil Dil
İngilizce
Konular
Avrupa Birliği Ekonomisi, Uluslararası İktisadi Kuruluşlar, Uluslararası İşletmecilik, İşletme , İş Sistemleri (Diğer)
Bölüm
Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar
Kağan Okatan
*
0000-0002-0517-665X
Türkiye
Yayımlanma Tarihi
17 Mart 2026
Gönderilme Tarihi
30 Haziran 2025
Kabul Tarihi
14 Ekim 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı
Yıl 2026 Cilt: 27 Sayı: 1