THE ISSUE OF SHARING THE NILE: A COMPETITION BETWEEN EGYPT, SUDAN AND ETHIOPIA WITHIN THE CONTEXT OF HYDRO-DIPLOMACY

Yıl 2017, Sayı: 53, 107 - 120, 31.07.2017

Muhammed Tandoğan Osman Kağan Yücel

Öz

The
upper riparian countries of the Nile River basin influencing the lower riparian
countries, controlling the water resources according their needs, and
dominating it for the benefit of their foreign policy and geopolitical
priorities is considered as an exception of the international water regimes. The
colonial competitiveness and the basin’s hydro-diplomatic activities that were
the main influencing triggers emerging this situation, all shaped with the 1959
agreement built over the heritage of the British totalitarian policies on the Nile,
were the reason behind water crisis between Egypt, Sudan, Ethiopia and other
basin countries, a crisis unresolved to date. Although being a foster for
regional cooperation, the Grand Renaissance (an-Nahda) Dam and new actors in
the basin give the impression that the status quo of the Nile disagreement
issue will not be changed in the short term. As a result, the resolution of the
issues pending from the past to present and the distribution of the Nile within
the context of hydro-diplomacy has a great importance from international
security standpoint.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Nile River, Hydro-Diplomacy, United Kingdom, Colonialism, Egypt, Sudan, Ethiopia, the Grand Renaissance Dam

NİL’İN PAYLAŞILMASI MESELESİ: HİDRO-DİPLOMASİ BAĞLAMINDA MISIR, SUDAN VE ETİYOPYA REKABETİ

Öz

Nil
Nehri havzası, yukarı kıyıdaş ülkelerin aşağı kıyıdaş ülkeleri etkisi altına
alıp su yönetimini kendi ihtiyaçlarına, dış politika ve jeopolitik
önceliklerine göre domine ettiği uluslararası su rejimlerine bir istisnadır. Bu
durumun ortaya çıkmasını tetikleyen etkenlerin başında gelen havzadaki
sömürgeci rekabet ve hidro-diplomasi faaliyetleri, İngilizlerin bütüncül Nil
politikalarının mirası üzerine inşa edilen 1959 Antlaşması ile son şeklini
alarak günümüze kadar uzanan Mısır, Sudan, Etiyopya ve diğer havza ülkelerinin
arasında hidro krizlerin çıkmasına sebebiyet vermiştir. Büyük Rönesans (en-Nahda)
Barajı ve havzadaki yeni aktörler, bölgesel işbirliği umutlarını yeşertse de, Nil uyuşmazlığı meselesindeki statükonun kısa vadede
değişmeyeceğinin işaretlerini vermektedir. Dolayısıyla geçmişten günümüze uzanan
sorunların çözümü ve uluslararası güvenlik açısından hidro-diplomasi bağlamında
Nil’in paylaşılması meselesi büyük önem arz etmektedir. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Nil Nehri, Hidro-Diplomasi, İngiltere, Sömürgecilik, Mısır, Sudan, Etiyopya, Büyük Rönesans Barajı

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