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GEORGIOS VIZIINOS'UN HİKÂYELERİNDE TOPLUMSAL CİNSİYET VE “ÖTEKİ” İMAJI

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 60 Sayı: 1, 251 - 277, 01.01.2020

Öz

19. yüzyıl, sadece ulusçu hareketlerin yükselişe geçtiği bir zaman dilimi olmayıp farklı cinsel kimliklerin de ideolojik doğrultuda takibe alındığı bir yüzyıldır. İlk defa bu yüzyılda patolojik bir durum olarak değerlendirilen cinsellik ve cinsel kimlikler Avrupa'da olduğu gibi Yunanistan'da da yakın takibe alınmıştır. Yunan edebiyatında hikâye türünün ilk örneklerini veren Georgios Viziinos da metinlerini böyle bir zaman diliminde kaleme almıştır. Bu çalışmada Viziinos'un üç hikâyesinde Kardeşimin Katili Kimdi?; Hayatının Biricik Yolculuğu; Moskof Selim beliren “öteki” imajı ve toplumsal cinsiyet algısı araştırılmıştır. Buna göre yazarın “öteki” imajı konusunda dönemin ulusçu ideolojisi ile çelişmediği; farklı cinsel kimliklere görece ılımlı yaklaştığı, kadın konusunda ise egemen cinsiyetçi söyleme uygun bir yaklaşım içinde olduğu sonuçlarına varılmıştır.

Kaynakça

  • Αθανασόπουλος, Βαγγέλης. Οι μύθοι της ζωής και του έργου του Γ. Βιζυηνού, Αθήνα: Καρδαμίτσα, 1996. [Athanasopoulos, Vangelis. Oi Mithoi tis zois kai tou ergou tou G. Viziinou, Athina: Kardamitsa, 1996.]
  • Ahmed, Sarah. Duyguların Kültürel Politikası. Çev. Sultan Komut, İstanbul: Sel, 2015.
  • Bu noktaya dikkatimi çeken Doç. Dr. Canan Şavkay’a teşekkür ederim.
  • Anthias, Floya, Nira Yuval-Davis, ve Harriet Cain. Racialized Boundaries: Race, Nation, Gender, Colour, and Class and the Anti-racist Struggle. London; New York: Routledge, 1992.
  • Anderson, Benedict. Hayali Cemaatler. Milliyetçiliğin Kökenleri ve Yayılması. Çev. İskender Savaşır. İstanbul: Metis, 2004.
  • Beaton, Roderick. Εισαγωγή στη νεότερη ελληνική λογοτεχνία. Mτφ. Ευαγγελία Ζουργού & Μαριάννα Σφανάκη. Αθήνα: Νεφέλη, 1996. [Beaton, Roderick. Eisagogi sti neoteri elliniki logotechnia. Mtf. Evangelia Zourgou & Marianna Sfanaki. Athina: Nefeli, 1996.]
  • --. Η Ιδέα του έθνους στην ελληνική λογοτεχνία. Από το Βυζάντιο στη σύγχρονή Ελλάδα. Mτφ. Ελένη Πιπίνη & Νόπη Νοτιά. Ηράκλειο: Πανεπιστημιακές Εκδόσεις Κρήτης, 2015. [---. İ İdea tou ethnous stin elliniki logotechnia. Apo to Bizantio sti sinchroni Ellada. Mtf. Eleni Pipini & Nopi Notia. İraklio: Panepistimiakes Ekdoseis Kritis.]
  • Βιζυηνός, Γεώργιος Μ. Τα Διηγήματα. Αθήνα: Νεοελληνική Βιβλιοθήκη ίδρυμα Κώστα και Ελένη Ουράνη, 1991. [Viziinos, Georgios M. Ta Diigimata. Athina: Neoelliniki Bibliothiki İdrima Kosta kai Eleni Ourani, 1991.]
  • Billig, Michael. Banal Nationalism. London ; Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage, 1995. Βίττι, Μάριο. Ιδεολογική λειτουργία της ελληνικής ηθογραφίας. Αθήνα: Κέδρος, 1991.
  • Βουτυρής, Παντελής. Ως εις καθρέπτην: προτάσεις και υποθέσεις για την ελληνική πεζογραφία του 19ου αιώνα. Αθήνα: Νεφέλη, 1995. [Boutouris, Pantelis. Os is kathreptin: protaseis kai ipotheseis gia tin elliniki pezografia tou 19ou aionia. Athina: Nefeli, 1995.]
  • Butler, Judith. Cinsiyet Belası: Feminizm ve Kimliğin Altüst Edilmesi. Çev. Başak Ertür. İstanbul: Metis, 2016.
  • Connell, Raewyn W. Erkeklikler. Çev. Nagihan Konukcu. Ankara: Phoenix, 2019.
  • Foucault, Michel. Cinselliğin Tarihi. Çev. Hülya Uğur Tanrıöver. İstanbul: Ayrıntı, 2018.
  • --. “Herculine Barbin’e ‘Giriş’.” Cogito 65-66 (2011): 132-138.
  • Gellner, Ernest. Uluslar ve Ulusçuluk. Çev. Büşra Ersanlı ve Günay Göksu Özdoğan. İstanbul: Hil, 2013.
  • Hobsbawn, Eric J. 1780’den Günümüze Milletler ve Milliyetçilik. Program, Mit, Gerçeklik. Çev. Osman Akınhay. İstanbul: Ayrıntı, 2010.
  • Ιατρού, Μαρία. Ο Σωσίας του νεκρού αδελφού. Διακειμενικές σημειώσεις για ένα θέμα στο «Ποιος ήταν ο φόνευς...» του Γ. Μ. Βιζυηνού. Θεσσαλονίκη: Νησίδες, 2011. [Iatrou, Maria. O Sosias tou nekrou adelfou. Dıakeimenikes simioseis gia ena thema sto “Poios itan o fonevs…” tou G. M. Viziinou. Thessaloniki: Nisides, 2011.]
  • Ichijo, Atsuko ve Ronald Ranta. Food, National Identity and Nationalism From Everyday to Global Politics. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2016.
  • Malesevic, Sinisa. Nation-States and Nationalisms: Organization, Ideology and Solidarity. Cambridge: Polity, 2013.
  • Millas, Herkül. Türk Romanı ve Öteki: Ulusal Kimlikte Yunan İmajı. İstanbul: Sakıp Sabancı Üniversitesi, 2000.
  • Moreau J. (de Tours). La psychologie morbide dans ses rapports avec la philosophie de l'histoire, ou De l'influence des névropathies sur le dynamisme intellectuel. Paris: V. Masson, 1859.
  • Mosse, George, L. Nationalism and Sexuality: Middle-Class Morality and Sexual Norms in Modern Europe. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press, 1988.
  • --. The Image of Man: The Creation of Modern Masculinity. New York:Oxford University Press, 1989.
  • Parla, Jale. Efendilik, Şarkiyatçılık, Kölelik. İstanbul: İletişim, 2015.
  • Petropoulos, Elias. Yunanistan’da Türk Kahvesi. Çev. Herkül Millas. İstanbul: Said, Edward W. Şarkiyatçılık. Batı’nın Şark Anlayışları. İstanbul: Metis, 2014.
  • Τζανάκη, Δήμητρα. “Από το 1871 μέχρι το 1950: Γενεαλογία φύλου και σεξουαλικότητας.” Αόρατη Ιστορία: Διαδρομές, βιώματα, πολιτικές των ΛΟΑΤΚΙ+ στην Ελλάδα 8 Ιουνίου 2019. Web. 15 Φεβρουαρίου 2020. [Tzanaki, Dimitra.
  • “Apo to 1871 mechri to 1950: Geneologia filou kai seksoualikotitas.” Aorati İstoria: Diadromes, Biomata, politikes ton LOATKI+ stin Ellada 8 Iouniou 2019. Web. 15 Şubat 2020.]
  • ---. “‘Αναστροφή φύλου’ 1816-2007.” Κοινωνικές Επιστήμες 8-9-10 (2019): 276-293.
  • Τζούμα, Άννα. Εκατό χρόνια νοσταλγίας. Το αυτοβιογραφικό αφήγημα Έθνος. Αθήνα: Μεταίχμιο, 2007. [---. “ ‘Anastrofi filou’ 1816-2007.” Koinonikes Epistimes 8-9- 10 (2019): 276-293.]
  • Viziinos, Yeorgios. Öyküler: Annemin Günahı, Hayatının Biricik Yolculuğu, Moskof Selim. Çev. Ari Çokona. İstanbul: İstos.
  • Yuval-Davis, Nira. Cinsiyet ve Millet. Çev. Ayşin Bektaş. İstanbul: İletişim, 2016. Walby, Sylvia, “Kadın ve Ulus”. Vatan, Millet, Kadınlar. Ed. Ayşe Gül Altınay. İstanbul: İletişim, 2016. 35-63.
  • Wittig, Monique. Straight Düşünce. Çev. Leman S. Darıcıoğlu ve Pınar Büyüktaş. İstanbul: Sel, 2012.

GENDER AND THE IMAGE OF THE “OTHER” IN THE STORIES OF GEORGIOS VIZIINOS

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 60 Sayı: 1, 251 - 277, 01.01.2020

Öz

The 19th century is not only a period in which nationalist movements were on the rise, but also it is a century in which different sexual identities were prosecuted ideologically. Sexuality and sexual identities, which were considered to be a pathological condition for the first time in the 19th century, were closely prosecuted in Greece as well as in Europe. Georgios Viziinos, who wrote the first examples of the Greek short stories, also wrote his texts in such a period of time. This study examines the image of the "other" and the perception of gender, which appeared in the three stories of Viziinos Who Was My Brother's Murderer?; The Only Journey of His Life; Mοscow Selim . Consequently, the author does not contradict the nationalist ideology of the period regarding the image of the “other”. However, he follows a relatively different approach to different sexual identities. Concerning the women, it has been concluded that he has an approach that is in compliance with the dominant sexist discourse.

Kaynakça

  • Αθανασόπουλος, Βαγγέλης. Οι μύθοι της ζωής και του έργου του Γ. Βιζυηνού, Αθήνα: Καρδαμίτσα, 1996. [Athanasopoulos, Vangelis. Oi Mithoi tis zois kai tou ergou tou G. Viziinou, Athina: Kardamitsa, 1996.]
  • Ahmed, Sarah. Duyguların Kültürel Politikası. Çev. Sultan Komut, İstanbul: Sel, 2015.
  • Bu noktaya dikkatimi çeken Doç. Dr. Canan Şavkay’a teşekkür ederim.
  • Anthias, Floya, Nira Yuval-Davis, ve Harriet Cain. Racialized Boundaries: Race, Nation, Gender, Colour, and Class and the Anti-racist Struggle. London; New York: Routledge, 1992.
  • Anderson, Benedict. Hayali Cemaatler. Milliyetçiliğin Kökenleri ve Yayılması. Çev. İskender Savaşır. İstanbul: Metis, 2004.
  • Beaton, Roderick. Εισαγωγή στη νεότερη ελληνική λογοτεχνία. Mτφ. Ευαγγελία Ζουργού & Μαριάννα Σφανάκη. Αθήνα: Νεφέλη, 1996. [Beaton, Roderick. Eisagogi sti neoteri elliniki logotechnia. Mtf. Evangelia Zourgou & Marianna Sfanaki. Athina: Nefeli, 1996.]
  • --. Η Ιδέα του έθνους στην ελληνική λογοτεχνία. Από το Βυζάντιο στη σύγχρονή Ελλάδα. Mτφ. Ελένη Πιπίνη & Νόπη Νοτιά. Ηράκλειο: Πανεπιστημιακές Εκδόσεις Κρήτης, 2015. [---. İ İdea tou ethnous stin elliniki logotechnia. Apo to Bizantio sti sinchroni Ellada. Mtf. Eleni Pipini & Nopi Notia. İraklio: Panepistimiakes Ekdoseis Kritis.]
  • Βιζυηνός, Γεώργιος Μ. Τα Διηγήματα. Αθήνα: Νεοελληνική Βιβλιοθήκη ίδρυμα Κώστα και Ελένη Ουράνη, 1991. [Viziinos, Georgios M. Ta Diigimata. Athina: Neoelliniki Bibliothiki İdrima Kosta kai Eleni Ourani, 1991.]
  • Billig, Michael. Banal Nationalism. London ; Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage, 1995. Βίττι, Μάριο. Ιδεολογική λειτουργία της ελληνικής ηθογραφίας. Αθήνα: Κέδρος, 1991.
  • Βουτυρής, Παντελής. Ως εις καθρέπτην: προτάσεις και υποθέσεις για την ελληνική πεζογραφία του 19ου αιώνα. Αθήνα: Νεφέλη, 1995. [Boutouris, Pantelis. Os is kathreptin: protaseis kai ipotheseis gia tin elliniki pezografia tou 19ou aionia. Athina: Nefeli, 1995.]
  • Butler, Judith. Cinsiyet Belası: Feminizm ve Kimliğin Altüst Edilmesi. Çev. Başak Ertür. İstanbul: Metis, 2016.
  • Connell, Raewyn W. Erkeklikler. Çev. Nagihan Konukcu. Ankara: Phoenix, 2019.
  • Foucault, Michel. Cinselliğin Tarihi. Çev. Hülya Uğur Tanrıöver. İstanbul: Ayrıntı, 2018.
  • --. “Herculine Barbin’e ‘Giriş’.” Cogito 65-66 (2011): 132-138.
  • Gellner, Ernest. Uluslar ve Ulusçuluk. Çev. Büşra Ersanlı ve Günay Göksu Özdoğan. İstanbul: Hil, 2013.
  • Hobsbawn, Eric J. 1780’den Günümüze Milletler ve Milliyetçilik. Program, Mit, Gerçeklik. Çev. Osman Akınhay. İstanbul: Ayrıntı, 2010.
  • Ιατρού, Μαρία. Ο Σωσίας του νεκρού αδελφού. Διακειμενικές σημειώσεις για ένα θέμα στο «Ποιος ήταν ο φόνευς...» του Γ. Μ. Βιζυηνού. Θεσσαλονίκη: Νησίδες, 2011. [Iatrou, Maria. O Sosias tou nekrou adelfou. Dıakeimenikes simioseis gia ena thema sto “Poios itan o fonevs…” tou G. M. Viziinou. Thessaloniki: Nisides, 2011.]
  • Ichijo, Atsuko ve Ronald Ranta. Food, National Identity and Nationalism From Everyday to Global Politics. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2016.
  • Malesevic, Sinisa. Nation-States and Nationalisms: Organization, Ideology and Solidarity. Cambridge: Polity, 2013.
  • Millas, Herkül. Türk Romanı ve Öteki: Ulusal Kimlikte Yunan İmajı. İstanbul: Sakıp Sabancı Üniversitesi, 2000.
  • Moreau J. (de Tours). La psychologie morbide dans ses rapports avec la philosophie de l'histoire, ou De l'influence des névropathies sur le dynamisme intellectuel. Paris: V. Masson, 1859.
  • Mosse, George, L. Nationalism and Sexuality: Middle-Class Morality and Sexual Norms in Modern Europe. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press, 1988.
  • --. The Image of Man: The Creation of Modern Masculinity. New York:Oxford University Press, 1989.
  • Parla, Jale. Efendilik, Şarkiyatçılık, Kölelik. İstanbul: İletişim, 2015.
  • Petropoulos, Elias. Yunanistan’da Türk Kahvesi. Çev. Herkül Millas. İstanbul: Said, Edward W. Şarkiyatçılık. Batı’nın Şark Anlayışları. İstanbul: Metis, 2014.
  • Τζανάκη, Δήμητρα. “Από το 1871 μέχρι το 1950: Γενεαλογία φύλου και σεξουαλικότητας.” Αόρατη Ιστορία: Διαδρομές, βιώματα, πολιτικές των ΛΟΑΤΚΙ+ στην Ελλάδα 8 Ιουνίου 2019. Web. 15 Φεβρουαρίου 2020. [Tzanaki, Dimitra.
  • “Apo to 1871 mechri to 1950: Geneologia filou kai seksoualikotitas.” Aorati İstoria: Diadromes, Biomata, politikes ton LOATKI+ stin Ellada 8 Iouniou 2019. Web. 15 Şubat 2020.]
  • ---. “‘Αναστροφή φύλου’ 1816-2007.” Κοινωνικές Επιστήμες 8-9-10 (2019): 276-293.
  • Τζούμα, Άννα. Εκατό χρόνια νοσταλγίας. Το αυτοβιογραφικό αφήγημα Έθνος. Αθήνα: Μεταίχμιο, 2007. [---. “ ‘Anastrofi filou’ 1816-2007.” Koinonikes Epistimes 8-9- 10 (2019): 276-293.]
  • Viziinos, Yeorgios. Öyküler: Annemin Günahı, Hayatının Biricik Yolculuğu, Moskof Selim. Çev. Ari Çokona. İstanbul: İstos.
  • Yuval-Davis, Nira. Cinsiyet ve Millet. Çev. Ayşin Bektaş. İstanbul: İletişim, 2016. Walby, Sylvia, “Kadın ve Ulus”. Vatan, Millet, Kadınlar. Ed. Ayşe Gül Altınay. İstanbul: İletişim, 2016. 35-63.
  • Wittig, Monique. Straight Düşünce. Çev. Leman S. Darıcıoğlu ve Pınar Büyüktaş. İstanbul: Sel, 2012.
Toplam 32 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Aslı Çete Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Ocak 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Cilt: 60 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Çete, A. (2020). GEORGIOS VIZIINOS’UN HİKÂYELERİNDE TOPLUMSAL CİNSİYET VE “ÖTEKİ” İMAJI. Ankara Üniversitesi Dil Ve Tarih-Coğrafya Fakültesi Dergisi, 60(1), 251-277.

Ankara Üniversitesi Dil ve Tarih-Coğrafya Fakültesi Dergisi

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