Hazro İlçesi (Diyarbakır) Bağ Alanlarındaki Faydalı Böcek ve Akar Türlerinin Belirlenmesi

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 2, 145 - 152

Ramazan Sermen , Mehmet Kaplan

https://doi.org/10.55007/dufed.1423133

Öz

Bağlarda zarar yapan farklı takım ve familyadan çok sayıda böcek ve akar türü vardır. Geleneksel tarım üretiminde zararlı türlerin olumsuz etkilerinden korunmaya yönelik yapılan önemli aktivitelerinden biriside bitki koruma uygulamalarıdır. Dolaysıyla ekosistemde canlılar arasında var olan doğal dengenin korunması amacıyla zararlı türlerle mücadelede biyoteknik yöntemleri yanı sıra biyolojik ve kimyasal mücadeleyi belirli bir kombinasyon içinde kullanmak önemlidir. Bu şekilde zararlı böceklerin mücadelesinde ve kontrol altında tutulmasında faydalı böcek ve akar faunasının korunması ve desteklenmesi mümkün olacaktır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, çalışma Diyarbakır İli, Hazro İlçesi, Hürriyet ve Yazgı mahallelerindeki, bağ alanlarındaki faydalı böcek ve akar türleri saptamak için, 2021-2022 yıllarında, her biri 10’ar dekar olan 2 bağda, haftalık olarak yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada, gözle kontrol yönteminin yanı sıra, darbe yöntemiyle atrap ve japon şemsiyesi kullanılarak, predatör türler, toplanmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) familyasına ait Coccinella septempunctata (Linnaeus), Hyperaspis quadrimaculata (Redtenbacher), Hippodamia variegata (Goeze), Chrysopidae (Neuroptera) familyasına ait Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens), Salticidae (Araneae) familyasına ait Macaroeris nidicolens (Walckenaer, ve Thomisidae (Araneae) familyasına ait Xysticus sp. olmak üzere toplam 6 adet predatör tür belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Hazro, Bağ, Faydalı böcek ve akar türleri

Etik Beyan

This article was produced from the master's thesis conducted at Siirt University, Institute of Science, Department of Plant Protection program and concluded in 2022, and there is no conflict of interest.

Determination of Beneficial Insect and Mite Species in the Vineyard Areas of Hazro District (Diyarbakır)

Öz

There are many insect and mite species from different order sand families that cause damage to vineyards. Therefore, it is important to use biotechnical methods as well as biological and chemical control in a certain combination in the fight against harmful species in order to preserve the natural balance between living things in the ecosystem. In this way, it will be possible to protect and support the beneficial insect and mite fauna in the fight and control of harmful insects. For this purpose, the study was carried out weekly in two vineyards of 10 decares each between 2021-2022 years to check beneficial insect and mite species in the vine yard areas in Hürriyet and Yazgı neighborhoods of Hazro District of Diyarbakır Province. In this study, prey species were collected using the sweep net, Japanese umbrella, as well as the visual inspection method. The study yielded findings on Coccinella septempunctata (Linnaeus), which belongs to the Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) family, as well as Hyperaspis quadrimaculata (Redtenbacher), Hippodamia variegata (Goeze), and Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens), all of which belong to the Chrysopidae (Neuroptera) and Macaroeris nidicolens (Walckenaer, andTh), belonging to the Salticidae (Araneae) family. A total of 6 predator species, including Xysticus sp. belonging to the (Araneae) family, needs to be clarified.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Hazro, Vineyard, Beneficial insect and mite species

Kaynakça

• Anonymous, T. R. Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, General Directorate of Vegetable Production. (2020). Accessed March 11, 2022.[Online]. Available at:https://www.tarimorman.gov.tr/BUGEM.
• Anonymous, T. R. Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Directorate of Agricultural Economics and Policy Development Institute. (2021a). Accessed March 11, 2022.[Online]. Available at: https://arastirma.tarimorman.gov.tr/tepge
• Anonymous, Turkish Statistical Institute (2022). Accessed October 3, 2022.[Online]. Available at: https://www.tuik.gov.tr/
• Anonymous, T. R. Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Directorate of Agricultural Economics and Policy Development Institute. (2021b). Accessed March 11, 2022. [Online]. Available at: https://arastirma.tarimorman.gov.tr/tepge
• M. Mustu and M. A. Altınok, “Insect fauna found on vine plant in vineyards of Cappadocia region,” Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, vol. 28 no. 7, pp. 5421-5429, 2019.
• Y. Şekerden Çağlar, “Pests in the vineyard areas of Hatay province, their distribution, parasitoids and predators and determination of the population development of the Grapevine Moth, Lobesia botrana (Denis & Schiffermüller) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae),” Ph.D. dissertation, Institue of Science and Technology, Çukurova University, Adana, Türkiye, 2009.
• I. Özgen and Y. Karsavuran, “Predators and parasitoids and distribution areas of Cicadellids found in the vineyard areas of Diyarbakır, Elazığ and Mardin provinces,” Turkish Journal of Biological Control, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 129-138, 2010.
• M. Kaplan, T. Danışman, I. Alaserhat, and I. Özgen, “Determination of spider (Araneae) species in olive groves of Mardin province,” Turkish Entomology Bulletin, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 167-172, 2017.
• H. D. Eşer and M. Kabalak, “Faunistic and Zoogeographic Studies on the Family Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) of Ankara province (Turkey),” Hacettepe Journal of Biology and Chemistry, vol. 50 no. 4, pp. 415-432, 2022.
• A. Demirsoy, Basic Rules of Life–Entomology (Invertebrates-Insects). Ankara: Meteksan Publications, 1990.
• I. A. Kansu, General Entomology. Ankara: Ankara University Faculty of Agriculture Publications, 2000.
• F. Öncüer, Parasite and predator catalog of plant harmful insects in Turkey. Izmir: Ege University Faculty of Agriculture Press, 1991.
• W. W. Murdoch, J. Chesson and P. L. Chesson, “Biological control in theory and practice,” The American Naturalist, vol. 125, no. 3, pp. 344-366, 1985.
• W. Cranshaw and G. Lacewings, Beneficial insects and other arthropods, ABD: Colorado State University Cooperative Extension Press, 2003.
• U. Kaya and C. Oncüer, “A Research on the effect of two different nutrients on the biology of Chrysoperla carnea (Steph.) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) produced in the laboratory,”Turkish Journal of Entomology, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 151-159, 1988.
• Z. Yoldaş, “Research on the biology of Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) Feeding on Two Different Prey,” Turkey 3rd Biological Control Congress Proceedings, 25-28 January 1994, pp. 375-380, Izmir.
• A. L. Turnbull, “Ecology of the true spiders (Araneomorphae),” Annual Review of Entomology, vol. 18, pp. 305-348, 1973.
• M. Nyffeler, D. A. Dean and W.L. Sterling, “Prey records of the web-building spiders Dictyna segregata (Dictynidae), Theridion australe (Theridiidae), Tidarren haemorrhoidale (Theridiidae) and Frontinella pyramitela (Linyphiidae) in a cotton agro-ecosystem,” The South Western Naturalist, vol. 33, no. 2, pp. 215-218, 1988.
• A. Bayram, “Spiders in agricultural ecosystems,” Ecology Environment Journal, vol. 8, no. 32, pp. 3-6, 1999.
• F. Samu, “Can field-scale habitat diversification enhance the biocontrol potential of spiders,” Pest Management Science, vol. 59, no. 4, pp. 437-442, 2003.
• S. Ghavami, M. Taghizadeh., G. Amin and Z. Karimian, “Spider (Order: Areneae) fauna of cotton fields in Iran,” Journal of Applied Biological Sciences, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 7-11, 2007.
• N. Oztürk, M. R. Ulusoy, L. Erkılıç, and S. Olmez Bayhan, “Pests and predatory species detected in apricot orchards in Malatya province,” Plant Protection Bulletin, vol.44, 2006.
• S. Olmez Bayhan and E. Bayhan, “Survey of predator species of aphids in Batman Diyarbakir and Mardin provinces of Turkey,” Research on Crops, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 628-633, 2012.
• S. Olmez Bayhan, E. Bayhan and I. Ozdemir I, “Predator species determined on Aphid Hemıptera: Aphididae in Şanlıurfa and Adıyaman provinces of Turkey,” Agriculture and Forestry, vol. 61, no. 1, 2015.
• M. Kaplan, E. Bayhan, “Determination of spider (Araneae) species in the vineyard areas of Mardin Province,” Turkish Entomology Bulletin, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 255-259, 2016.
• S. Çakmak, “Harmful and beneficial insect species and population changes of some important species in different grape varieties grown in Siirt province,” M.S. thesis, Dept. of Plant Protection, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Türkiye, 2019.