The effect of mullite addition on wear properties of titania doped zirconia ceramics

Abstract

In this study, whether there is a phase change in the zirconia-titania mixture at high sintering temperatures and the effect of mullite additive on the mechanical and especially wear properties of this mixture was investigated. We synthesized mullite and 8 mol % titania added zirconium dioxide (8 mol % titania - 92 mol % zirconia) powders by conventional ceramic production route. We prepared the mixtures in acetone environment by mechanical alloying technique. To synthesize mullite, we prepared Al2O3 and SiO2 powders mixture with stoichiometric proportions and fired in air at 1600 oC for 3 h. Then, we fired titania added zirconia composites at 1300 oC for 2 h. Thus, titania - zirconia and mullite composite phases were obtained and grinding and sieving processes were carried out. Then, we prepared mullite-free and 10% by weight mullite reinforced titanium oxide added zirconia mixtures. The powders were pressed by uniaxial pressing after drying. The formed samples were sintered in a high temperature furnace in air conditions for 1 and 5 h at 1500 and 1600 oC sintering temperatures. Finally, microstructure investigations, phase analysis, 3-point bending, hardness, wear tests, absorption of water, porosity, shrinkage and density results were examined on the composites. It was founded that with titania and mullite adding to zirconia matrix, there was not define a new phase in the composite microstructure. But mullite additive increased the wear resistance, hardness and three-point bending strength of the titania-zirconia composites.

Keywords

• Wear
• Zirconia
• Titania
• Mullite
• Mechanical Alloying
• Conventional Ceramic Production Route

Titanya katkılı zirkonya seramiklerin aşınma özelliklerine mullit katkısının etkisi

Öz

Bu çalışmada, yüksek sinterleme sıcaklıklarında zirkonya-titanya karışımında faz değişimi olup olmadığı ve mullit katkı maddesinin bu karışımın mekanik ve özellikle aşınma özelliklerine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Geleneksel seramik üretim yöntemiyle mullit ve %8 mol titanya katkılı zirkonyum dioksit (%8 mol titanya - %92 mol zirkonya) tozlarını sentezledik. Karışımları aseton ortamında mekanik alaşımlama tekniği ile hazırladık. Mullit sentezlemek için, Al2O3 ve SiO2 toz karışımını stokiyometrik oranlarda hazırladık ve 1600 oC'de 3 saat fırınladık. Daha sonra titanya katkılı zirkonya kompozitleri 1300 oC'de 2 saat fırınladık. Böylece titanya - zirkonya ve mullit kompozit fazlar elde edilmiş, öğütme ve eleme işlemleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Daha sonra mullitsiz ve ağırlıkça %10 mullit takviyeli titanyum oksit katkılı zirkonya karışımları hazırladık. Tozlar kurutulduktan sonra tek eksenli presleme ile preslenmiştir. Oluşan numuneler hava şartlarında yüksek sıcaklıklı fırında 1500 ve 1600 oC sinterleme sıcaklıklarında 1 ve 5 saat sinterlenmiştir. Son olarak kompozitler üzerinde mikroyapı incelemeleri, faz analizi, 3 nokta eğilme, sertlik, aşınma testleri, su emme, gözeneklilik, büzülme ve yoğunluk sonuçları incelenmiştir. Zirkonya matrikse titanya ve mullit eklenmesi ile kompozit mikroyapısında yeni bir fazın tanımlanmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Ancak mullit katkısı, titanya-zirkonya kompozitlerinin aşınma direncini, sertliğini ve üç nokta eğilme mukavemetini artırdığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Aşınma
• Zirkonya
• Titanya
• Mullit
• Mekanik Alaşımlama
• Geleneksel Seramik Üretim Yöntemi

Kaynakça

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