Duvar Tipinin Farklı Bölgelerdeki Bina Enerji Performans Sınıfına Etkisi

Öz

Binalarda enerji verimliliği, Türkiye’nin enerji stratejilerinde dışa bağımlılığın azaltılması ve sürdürülebilirlik hedefleri açısından merkezi bir öneme sahiptir. Bu çalışmada, bina kabuğunun temel bileşeni olan dış duvar malzemesinin (tuğla, bims ve gazbeton), Türkiye'nin 2024 yılında güncellenen TS 825 standartlarındaki altı farklı iklim bölgesindeki enerji performans sınıfı (A-G) üzerindeki etkisi incelenmiştir. Analizler için 5 katlı, 10 daireli ve 1440 m² toplam döşeme alanına sahip bir apartman modeli referans alınarak Binalarda Enerji Performansı Yazılım Programı (BEP-TR) ile hesaplamalar yapılmıştır. Yapılan simülasyonlar sonucunda, duvar malzemesinin ısıl iletkenlik değerinin (λ) düşmesiyle yıllık ısıtma tüketiminin önemli ölçüde azaldığı ve gazbeton kullanımının tüm bölgelerde "B" enerji sınıfına ulaşılmasını sağladığı görülmüştür. Bu bulgular, 2025 yılı itibarıyla zorunlu hale gelen Neredeyse Sıfır Enerjili Binalar (nSEB) kriterlerine uyum sürecinde malzeme seçiminin kritik rolünü ortaya koymaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bina Enerji Performansı
• Isıl Geçirgenlik Katsayısı
• İklim Bölgeleri
• Duvar tipi

Effect of Wall Type on Building Energy Performance Class in Different Zones

Öz

Energy efficiency in buildings is of central importance in Türkiye's energy strategies in terms of reducing external dependence and achieving sustainability goals. This study examines the effect of the external infill wall material (horizontal perforated brick, pumice block, and aerated concrete), a fundamental component of the building envelope, on the energy performance class (A-G) in six different climate zones of Türkiye, according to the TS 825 standards updated in 2024. For the analyses, a five-story apartment building model with ten apartments and a total floor area of 1440 m² was used as a reference, and calculations were performed using the Energy Performance of Buildings Software Program (BEP-TR 2). As a result of the simulations, it was observed that a decrease in the thermal conductivity (λ) of the wall material significantly reduced annual heating consumption, and the use of aerated concrete enabled the achievement of energy class "B" in all zones. These findings highlight the critical role of material selection in the process of complying with the Nearly Zero-Energy Buildings (nSEB) criteria, which become mandatory as of 2025.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Building Energy Performance
• Thermal Transmission Coefficient
• Climate Zones
• Wall Type

Kaynakça

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