Therapeutic Effects of Medicinal Aromatic Plants in Detoxification of Heavy Metal Exposure

Öz

Although there is no standard definition for heavy metals, they are elements in the group of metals with relatively high densities, atomic weights or atomic numbers. Today, the various uses of heavy metals in industry, agriculture, medicine and technology have led to their widespread distribution in nature, raising concerns about their effects on human health and the environment. Therefore, with modern life, unfortunately, not only those working in certain jobs but also in daily life are exposed to heavy metals. Heavy metals form a "body metal burden" in humans over time. As a result, exposure to heavy metals through ingestion, inhalation and skin contact causes various health problems such as cardiovascular diseases, neurological and neurobehavioural abnormalities, diabetes, blood abnormalities and various types of cancer. One of the first and perhaps the most important thing to investigate behind many of the health problems is whether there is heavy metal poisoning in the body. Due to the extensive damage caused by heavy metal poisoning to various organs of the body, it is very important to investigate and determine the treatment methods for heavy metal poisoning. The most common method for removing heavy metals from the body is the application of chemical chelators. Recently, medicinal plants have attracted the attention of researchers as a potential treatment method for heavy metal poisoning due to their less side effects. In this study, the potential of medicinal plants such as Allium sativum (garlic), Silybum marianum (milk thistle), Coriandrum sativum (coriander), Ginkgo biloba (gingko), Curcuma longa (turmeric), phytochelatins, triphala, plant fibres and Chlorophyta (green algae) to treat heavy metal poisoning was examined based on publications obtained from PubMed and SCOPUS databases and the professional and personal experiences of the authors.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Aromatic medicinal plants
• chelation
• detoxification
• heavy metal

Ağır Metal Maruziyetinin Detoksifikasyonunda Tıbbi Aromatik Bitkilerin Terapötik Etkileri

Öz

Ağır metaller için standart bir tanım bulunmamakla birlikte, nispeten yüksek yoğunluklara, atom ağırlıklarına veya atom numaralarına sahip metaller grubunda yer alan elementlerdir. Günümüzde ağır metallerin endüstri, tarım, tıp ve teknolojideki çeşitli kullanımları, doğada yaygın bir dağılım göstermelerine yol açarak insan sağlığı ve çevre üzerindeki etkileri konusunda endişeleri artırmıştır. Bu yüzden modern yaşam ile birlikte ne yazık ki sadece belirli işlerde çalışanlar değil aynı zamanda günlük hayatın içinde de ağır metallere maruz kalma yaşanmaktadır. Ağır metaller, insanlarda zamanla “vücut metal yükü” oluşturur. Sonuç olarak, ağır metallere sindirim, solunum ve deri teması yoluyla maruz kalınması kardiyovasküler hastalıklar, nörolojik ve nörodavranışsal anormallikler, diyabet, kan anormallikleri ve çeşitli kanser türleri gibi çeşitli sağlık sorunlarına neden olmaktadır. Sağlık problemlerinin birçoğunun arkasında araştırılması gereken ilk şeylerden biri ve belki de en önemlisi vücutta ağır metal zehirlenmesi olup olmadığıdır. Ağır metal zehirlenmesinin vücudun çeşitli organlarında yol açtığı geniş çaplı hasar nedeniyle, ağır metallerle zehirlenmeye yönelik tedavi yöntemlerinin araştırılması ve belirlenmesi çok önemlidir. Ağır metallerin vücuttan uzaklaştırılması için en yaygın yöntem kimyasal şelatörlerin uygulanmasıdır. Son zamanlarda şifalı bitkiler, daha az yan etkiye sahip olmaları nedeniyle ağır metal zehirlenmelerinde potansiyel tedavi yöntemi olarak araştırmacıların dikkatini çekmiştir. Bu çalışmada, Allium sativum (sarımsak), Silybum marianum (deve dikeni), Coriandrum sativum (kişniş), Ginkgo biloba (gingko), Curcuma longa (zerdeçal), fitokelatinler, triphala, bitkisel lifler ve Chlorophyta (yeşil algler) gibi şifalı bitkilerin ağır metal zehirlenmesini tedavi etme potansiyeli PubMed ve SCOPUS veri tabanlarından elde edilen yayınlara dayanarak ve yazarların mesleki ve kişisel deneyimleri ele alınarak incelenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ağır metal
• detoksifikasyon
• şelasyon
• tıbbi aromatik bitki

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